Apple Inc. - Wikipedia

Apple Inc. - Wikipedia
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American multinational technology company
"Apple (company)" redirects here. For other companies named Apple, see
Apple (disambiguation) § Businesses and organisations
Apple Inc.
Show black variant
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Variant of the
Apple logo
used since 1977
Apple Park
, the company's headquarters, in
Cupertino, California
Formerly
Apple Computer Company (1976–1977)
Apple Computer, Inc. (1977–2007)
Company type
Public
Traded as
Nasdaq
AAPL
Nasdaq-100
component
DJIA
component
S&P 100
component
S&P 500
component
ISIN
US0378331005
Industry
Consumer electronics
Software services
Online services
Founded
April 1, 1976
(50 years ago)
1976-04-01
, in
Los Altos, California
, US
Founders
Steve Jobs
Steve Wozniak
Ronald Wayne
Headquarters
Apple Park,
Cupertino, California
US
Number of locations
540
Apple Stores
(2026)
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Arthur Levinson
chairman
Tim Cook
CEO
John Ternus
(CEO-designate, starting September 2026)
Kevan Parekh
CFO
Products
AirPods
AirTag
Apple TV
Apple Vision Pro
Apple Watch
HomePod
iPad
iPhone
Mac
Services
App Store
Apple Arcade
Apple Card
Apple Music
Apple Pay
Apple TV
CarPlay
iCloud
Pixelmator
Shazam
Revenue
US$416 billion
(2025)
Operating income
US$133 billion
(2025)
Net income
US$112 billion
(2025)
Total assets
US$359 billion
(2025)
Total equity
US$74 billion
(2025)
Number of employees
166,000 (2025)
Subsidiaries
Apple Studios
Beats Electronics
Beddit
Braeburn Capital
Claris
Globalstar
(20%)
ASN
714
Website
apple.com
Footnotes / references
Financials as of fiscal year ended September 27, 2025
[update]
References:
Apple Inc.
is an American multinational technology company headquartered in
Cupertino, California
, in
Silicon Valley
, and known for consumer electronics, software and online services. Founded in 1976 as Apple Computer Company by
Steve Jobs
Steve Wozniak
and
Ronald Wayne
, the company was incorporated by Jobs and Wozniak as Apple Computer, Inc. the following year. It was renamed to its current name in 2007 as the company expanded its focus from computers to consumer electronics. Apple is one of the
Big Tech
companies.
The company was founded to market Wozniak's
Apple I
personal computer. Its successor, the
Apple II
, became one of the first successful mass-produced
microcomputers
. Apple introduced the
Lisa
in 1983 and the
Macintosh
in 1984 as some of the first computers to use a
graphical user interface
and a
mouse
. By 1985, internal conflicts led to Jobs leaving the company to form
NeXT
and Wozniak withdrawing to other ventures;
John Sculley
was
CEO
for over a decade. In the 1990s, Apple lost considerable market share in the PC industry to the lower-priced
Wintel
duopoly of
Intel
-powered
PC clones
running
Windows
, and neared bankruptcy by 1997. To overhaul its market strategy, Apple acquired NeXT, bringing Jobs back to the company. Under his leadership, Apple returned to profitability by introducing the
iMac
iPod
iPhone
, and
iPad
devices; creating the
iTunes Store
; launching the "
Think different
" advertising campaign; and opening the
Apple Store
retail chain. Jobs resigned in 2011 for health reasons and died the same year; he was succeeded as CEO by
Tim Cook
Apple's product lineup
includes portable and home hardware like the iPhone, iPad,
Mac
Apple Watch
, and
AirPods
several in-house operating systems
such as
iOS
iPadOS
, and
macOS
; and
various software
and services including
Apple Pay
and
iCloud
, as well as multimedia streaming services like
Apple Music
and
Apple TV
. Since 2011, Apple has for the most part been the world's
largest company by market capitalization
, and, as of 2024
[update]
, is the
largest manufacturing company by revenue
, the
fourth-largest PC vendor
, the
largest vendor of tablet computers
, and the
largest vendor of mobile phones
. Apple became the first publicly traded US company to be
valued at over $1 trillion
in 2018, and, as of October 2025
[update]
, is valued at just over $4 trillion.
Apple has received criticism
regarding
its contractors
' labor conditions,
its relationship with trade unions
its environmental practices
, and its corporate ethics, including
anti-competitive tactics
, materials sourcing, and
its acquisitions of smaller businesses
. Nevertheless, the company has
a large following
and enjoys
a high level of customer loyalty
. Apple has consistently been ranked as one of the world's
most valuable brands
since the late 2000s.
History
Main article:
History of Apple Inc.
1976–1980: Founding and incorporation
In 1976,
Steve Jobs
and
Steve Wozniak
co-founded Apple in Jobs' parents' home on Crist Drive in
Los Altos, California
Wozniak called the popular belief that the company was founded in the garage "a bit of a myth",
although they moved some operations to the garage when the bedroom became too crowded.
The
Apple I
is Apple's first product, designed by Wozniak and sold as an assembled circuit board without the required keyboard, monitor, power supply, and the optional case.
Apple Computer Company was founded on April 1, 1976, by
Steve Jobs
Steve Wozniak
, and
Ronald Wayne
as a
partnership
The company's first product was the
Apple I
, a computer designed and hand-built entirely by Wozniak.
To finance its creation, Jobs sold his
Volkswagen Bus
, and Wozniak sold his
HP-65
calculator.
10
Neither received the full selling price, but together they earned
$1,300
(equivalent to $7,400 in 2025). Wozniak debuted the first prototype
Apple I
at the
Homebrew Computer Club
in July 1976.
11
The Apple I was sold as a
motherboard
with
CPU
RAM
, and basic textual-video chips—a base kit concept which was not yet marketed as a complete personal computer.
12
It was priced soon after debut for
$666.66
(equivalent to $3,800 in 2025).
13
14
Wozniak later said he was unaware of the coincidental
mark of the beast
in the number 666, and that he came up with the price because he liked "repeating digits".
15
Apple Computer, Inc. was incorporated in
Cupertino, California
on January 3, 1977,
16
17
without Wayne, who had left and sold his share of the company back to Jobs and Wozniak for $800 only twelve days after having co-founded it.
18
Multimillionaire
Mike Markkula
provided essential business expertise and funding of
$250,000
(equivalent to $1,328,000 in 2025) to Jobs and Wozniak during the incorporation of Apple.
19
During the first five years of operations, revenue grew exponentially, doubling about every four months. Between September 1977 and September 1980, yearly sales grew from $775,000 to
US$118
million, an average annual growth rate of 533%.
20
The
Apple II
, also designed by Wozniak, was introduced on April 16, 1977, at the first
West Coast Computer Faire
21
It differed from its major rivals, the
TRS-80
and
Commodore PET
, because of its character cell-based color graphics and
open architecture
. The Apple I and early Apple II models used ordinary
audio cassette tapes
as storage devices, which were superseded by the
-inch
floppy disk
drive and interface called the
Disk II
in 1978.
22
23
The
Apple II
, introduced in 1977 and designed primarily by Wozniak, was the company's first major success.
The Apple II was chosen to be the desktop platform for the first
killer application
of the business world:
VisiCalc
, a
spreadsheet
program released in 1979.
22
VisiCalc created a business market for the Apple II and gave home users an additional reason to buy an Apple II: compatibility with the office,
22
but Apple II market share remained behind
home computers
made by competitors such as
Atari
Commodore
, and
Tandy
24
25
On December 12, 1980, Apple went public with an
initial public offering
(IPO) on the fully electronic
Nasdaq
stock market, selling 4.6 million shares at $22 per share ($.10 per share when adjusting for
stock splits
as of September 3, 2022
[update]
),
17
generating over $100 million, which was more capital than any IPO since
Ford Motor Company
in 1956.
26
By the end of the day, around 300 millionaires were created, including Jobs and Wozniak, from a stock price of $29 per share
27
and a market cap of $1.778 billion.
26
27
1980–1990: Success with Macintosh
See also:
List of Mac models
and
Timeline of the Apple II family
Steve Jobs
in 1984 with the
Macintosh
, the first successful mass-market personal computer to feature an integral
graphical user interface
and
mouse
In November and December 1979, Steve Jobs and Apple employees, including
Jef Raskin
, visited
Xerox PARC
, where they observed the
Xerox Alto
, featuring a
graphical user interface
(GUI) and a
mouse
28
Jobs had negotiated with
Xerox
in advance to gain access to PARC's technology, in exchange for the right to purchase $1 million worth of Apple's pre-IPO shares.
29
This visit influenced Jobs to implement a GUI in Apple's products starting with the
Apple Lisa
in 1983, though he was forced out of the Lisa project during the early development. Despite being pioneering as a mass-marketed GUI computer, the Lisa suffered from high costs and limited software options, leading to commercial failure.
30
Following his removal from the Lisa team, Jobs joined the company's
Macintosh
division in January 1981.
31
The Macintosh had been envisioned by Jef Raskin as a low-cost,
portable computer
, and Wozniak had helped its development until a plane crash in early 1981 forced him to step back from the project.
32
33
Wozniak's absence allowed Jobs to take over the project and he redefined the Macintosh as a mouse-driven GUI machine similar to the Lisa.
34
Wozniak speculates that Jobs' sense of rivalry towards the Lisa project was the driving force behind this sudden shift in direction.
34
Jobs was also hostile to the Apple II division, which at the time generated most of the company's revenue.
35
In 1984, Apple launched the Macintosh, the first personal computer without a bundled
programming language
36
Its debut was signified by "
1984
", a
US$1.5
-million television advertisement directed by
Ridley Scott
that aired during the third quarter of
Super Bowl XVIII
on January 22, 1984.
37
This was hailed as a watershed event for Apple's success
38
and was called a "masterpiece" by
CNN
39
and one of the greatest TV advertisements of all time by
TV Guide
40
The advertisement created great interest in the
Macintosh
, and sales were initially good, but began to taper off dramatically after the first three months as reviews started coming in. Jobs had required
128 kilobytes
of RAM, which limited its speed and software in favor of aspiring for a projected price point of
$1,000
(equivalent to $3,100 in 2025). The Macintosh shipped for
$2,495
(equivalent to $7,700 in 2025), a price panned by critics due to its slow performance.
41
In early 1985, this sales slump triggered a power struggle between Steve Jobs and CEO
John Sculley
, who had been hired away from
Pepsi
two years earlier by Jobs
42
saying, "Do you want to sell sugar water for the rest of your life or come with me and change the world?"
43
Sculley removed Jobs as the head of the Macintosh division, with unanimous support from the Apple board of directors.
44
The board of directors instructed Sculley to contain Jobs and his ability to launch expensive forays into untested products. Rather than submit to Sculley's direction, Jobs attempted to oust him from leadership.
45
Jean-Louis Gassée
informed Sculley that Jobs had been attempting to organize a
boardroom coup
, and called an emergency meeting at which Apple's executive staff sided with Sculley, and stripped Jobs of all operational duties.
45
Jobs resigned from Apple in September 1985 and took several Apple employees with him to found
NeXT
46
Wozniak had also quit his active employment at Apple earlier in 1985 to pursue other ventures, expressing his frustration with Apple's treatment of the Apple II division and stating that the company had "been going in the wrong direction for the last five years".
35
47
48
Wozniak remained employed by Apple as a representative,
47
receiving a stipend estimated to be $120,000 per year.
49
Jobs and Wozniak remained Apple shareholders following their departures.
50
After the departures of Jobs and Wozniak in 1985, Sculley launched the
Macintosh 512K
that year with quadruple the RAM, and introduced the
LaserWriter
, the first reasonably priced
PostScript
-based
laser printer
PageMaker
, an early
desktop publishing
application taking advantage of the PostScript language, was also released by
Aldus Corporation
in July 1985.
51
It has been suggested that the combination of Macintosh, LaserWriter, and PageMaker was responsible for the creation of the
desktop publishing
market.
52
This dominant position in the desktop publishing market
53
allowed the company to focus on higher price points, the so-called "high-right policy" named for its position on a price–profits chart. Newer models selling at higher price points offered higher
profit margin
, and appeared to not affect total sales as
power users
snapped up every increase in speed. Although some worried about pricing themselves out of the market, the high-right policy was in full force by the mid-1980s, due to Jean-Louis Gassée's slogan of "fifty-five or die", referring to the 55%
profit margins
of the
Macintosh II
54
This policy began to backfire late in the decade as desktop publishing programs appeared on
IBM PC compatibles
with some of the same functionality of the Macintosh at far lower price points. The company lost its dominant position in the desktop publishing market and estranged many of its original consumer customer base, who could no longer afford Apple products. The
Christmas season
of 1989 was the first in the company's history to have declining sales, which led to a 20% drop in Apple's stock price.
55
During this period, the relationship between Sculley and Gassée deteriorated, leading Sculley to effectively demote Gassée in January 1990 by appointing
Michael Spindler
as the
chief operating officer
56
Gassée left the company later that year to set up a rival,
Be Inc.
57
1990–1997: Decline and restructuring
Macintosh LC II
The company pivoted its strategy and, in October 1990, introduced three lower-cost models: the
Macintosh Classic
, the
Macintosh LC
, and the
Macintosh IIsi
, all of which generated significant sales due to pent-up demand.
58
In 1991, Apple introduced the
PowerBook
, a commercially successful laptop whose clamshell design influenced later notebook computers. The same year, Apple introduced
System 7
, a major upgrade to the Macintosh operating system, adding color to the interface and introducing new networking capabilities.
The success of the lower-cost Macs and the PowerBook brought increasing revenue.
59
For some time, Apple was doing very well, introducing fresh new products at increasing profits. The magazine
MacAddict
named the period between 1989 and 1991 as the "first golden age" of the Macintosh.
60
The
PenLite
is Apple's first tablet computer prototype, created in 1992 to bring the Mac OS to a tablet. It was canceled in favor of the
Newton
61
The success of lower-cost consumer Macs, especially the LC, cannibalized higher-priced machines. To address this, management introduced several new brands, selling largely identical machines at different price points, for different markets: the high-end
Quadra
series, the mid-range
Centris
series, and the consumer-marketed
Performa
series. This led to significant consumer confusion among so many models.
62
In 1993, the
Apple II
series was discontinued. It was expensive to produce, and the company decided it was still absorbing sales from lower-cost Macintosh models. After the launch of the LC, Apple encouraged developers to create applications for Macintosh rather than Apple II, and authorized salespersons to redirect consumers from Apple II and toward Macintosh.
63
The
Apple IIe
was discontinued in 1993.
64
Apple experimented with several other unsuccessful consumer targeted products during the 1990s, including
QuickTake
digital cameras
PowerCD
portable CD audio players
speakers
, the
Pippin
video game console, the
eWorld
online service, and
Apple Interactive Television Box
. Apple made significant investments in the
Newton
tablet division; the Newton was later criticized for high costs and limited commercial success, and commentators have attributed the decision to start that division in part to market forecasts by CEO John Sculley.
65
Throughout this period, Microsoft continued to gain market share with
Windows
by focusing on delivering software to inexpensive personal computers, while Apple was delivering a richly engineered but expensive experience.
66
Apple relied on high profit margins and never developed a clear response; it sued Microsoft for making a GUI similar to the
Lisa
in
Apple Computer, Inc. v. Microsoft Corp.
67
The lawsuit dragged on for years and was finally dismissed. The major product flops and the rapid loss of market share to Windows sullied Apple's reputation, and in 1993 Sculley was replaced as CEO by
Michael Spindler
68
The
Power Macintosh 6100
, introduced in 1994, was Apple's first home computer model after the switch to
PowerPC
processors.
Under Spindler, Apple,
IBM
, and
Motorola
formed the
AIM alliance
in 1994 to create a new computing platform (the
PowerPC Reference Platform
or PReP), with IBM and Motorola hardware coupled with Apple software. The AIM alliance hoped that PReP's performance and Apple's software would leave the PC far behind and thus counter the dominance of Windows. That year, Apple introduced the
Power Macintosh
, the first of many computers with Motorola's
PowerPC
processor.
69
In the wake of the alliance, Apple opened up to the idea of allowing Motorola and other companies to build
Macintosh clones
. Over the next two years, 75 distinct Macintosh clone models were introduced. However, by 1996, Apple executives were worried that the clones were cannibalizing sales of its own high-end computers, where profit margins were highest.
70
In 1996, Spindler was replaced as CEO by
Gil Amelio
, who was hired for his reputation as a corporate rehabilitator. Amelio made big changes, including extensive layoffs and cost-cutting.
71
This period was also marked by numerous failed attempts to modernize the Macintosh operating system (the
classic Mac OS
). The original Macintosh operating system (
System 1
) was not built for multitasking (running several applications at once). The company attempted to correct this by introducing
cooperative multitasking
in System 5, but still decided it needed a more modern approach.
72
This led to the
Pink
project in 1988,
A/UX
that same year,
Copland
in 1994, and evaluated the purchase of
BeOS
in 1996. Talks with Be stalled when the CEO, former Apple executive
Jean-Louis Gassée
, demanded $300 million in contrast to Apple's $125-million offer.
73
With Apple only weeks away from
bankruptcy
74
the board preferred
NeXTSTEP
and purchased
NeXT
in late 1996 for $400 million, retaining
Steve Jobs
75
1997–2007: Return to profitability
The NeXT acquisition was finalized on February 9, 1997,
76
and the board brought Jobs back to Apple as an advisor. On July 9, 1997, Jobs staged a boardroom coup, which resulted in Amelio's resignation after overseeing a three-year record-low stock price and crippling financial losses. The board named Jobs as interim CEO and he immediately reviewed the product lineup. Jobs canceled 70% of models, ending 3,000 jobs and paring to the core of its computer offerings.
77
The next month, in August 1997, Steve Jobs convinced Microsoft to make a $150-million investment in Apple and a commitment to continue developing Mac software.
78
This was seen as an "antitrust insurance policy" for Microsoft which had recently settled with the Department of Justice over anti-competitive practices in the
United States v. Microsoft Corp.
case.
79
Around then, Jobs donated Apple's internal library and archives to
Stanford University
, to focus more on the present and the future rather than the past.
80
81
He ended the Mac clone deals and in September 1997, purchased the largest clone maker,
Power Computing
82
On November 10, 1997, the
Apple Store website
launched, which was tied to a new build-to-order manufacturing model similar to PC manufacturer
Dell
's success.
83
The moves paid off for Jobs; at the end of his first year as CEO, the company had a $309-million profit.
77
iMac
iBook
Power Macintosh G3
PowerBook G3
On May 6, 1998, Apple introduced a new all-in-one computer reminiscent of the original Macintosh: the
iMac
. The iMac sold 800,000 units in its first five months. It abandoned legacy technologies such as the
-inch diskette
, adopted the USB connector early, and came pre-installed with Internet connectivity (the 'i' in iMac) via Ethernet and a dial-up modem.
84
85
Its striking teardrop shape and translucent materials were designed by
Jonathan Ive
, who had been hired by Amelio, and who collaborated with Jobs for more than a decade to reshape Apple's product design.
86
87
A little more than a year later on July 21, 1999, Apple introduced the
iBook
consumer laptop. It culminated Jobs' strategy to produce only four products: refined versions of the
Power Macintosh G3
desktop and
PowerBook G3
laptop for professionals, and the iMac desktop and iBook laptop for consumers. Jobs said the small product line allowed for a greater focus on quality and innovation.
88
Around then, Apple also completed numerous acquisitions to create a portfolio of digital media production software for both professionals and consumers. Apple acquired
Macromedia
's Key Grip digital video editing software project, which was launched as
Final Cut Pro
in April 1999.
89
Key Grip's development also led to Apple's release of the consumer video-editing product
iMovie
in October 1999.
90
Apple acquired the German company Astarte in April 2000, which had developed the
DVD authoring
software DVDirector, which Apple repackaged as the professional-oriented
DVD Studio Pro
, and reused its technology to create
iDVD
for the consumer market.
90
In 2000, Apple purchased the
SoundJam MP
audio player software from
Casady & Greene
. Apple renamed the program
iTunes
, simplified the user interface and added CD burning.
91
In 2001, Apple changed course with three announcements. First, on March 24, 2001, Apple announced the release of a new modern operating system,
Mac OS X
. This was after numerous failed attempts in the early 1990s, and several years of development. Mac OS X is based on
NeXTSTEP
OpenStep
, and
BSD Unix
, to combine the stability, reliability, and security of
Unix
with the ease of use of an overhauled user interface. Second, in May 2001, the first two
Apple Store
retail locations opened in Virginia and California, offering an improved presentation of the company's products.
92
93
94
At the time, many speculated that the stores would fail, but they later expanded to more than 500 locations worldwide.
95
Third, on October 23, 2001, the
iPod
portable digital audio player debuted. The product was first sold on November 10, 2001, and sold over 100 million units within six years.
96
The iTunes Store was highly successful in shaping the legal
music downloading
industry; chart shows the number of songs sold from 2003 to 2010.
In 2003, the
iTunes Store
was introduced with
music downloads
for 99¢ a song and iPod integration. It quickly became the market leader in online music services, with over 5 billion downloads by June 19, 2008.
97
Two years later, the iTunes Store was the world's largest music retailer.
98
In 2002, Apple purchased
Nothing Real
for its advanced digital
compositing
application
Shake
99
and
Emagic
for the music productivity application
Logic
. The purchase of Emagic made Apple the first computer manufacturer to own a music software company. The acquisition was followed by the development of Apple's consumer-level
GarageBand
application.
100
The release of
iPhoto
that year completed the
iLife
suite.
101
The
MacBook Pro
is Apple's first laptop with an
Intel
microprocessor, introduced in 2006.
At the
Worldwide Developers Conference
keynote address on June 6, 2005, Jobs announced that Apple would move away from PowerPC processors, and the
Mac would transition to Intel processors
in 2006.
102
On January 10, 2006, the new
MacBook Pro
and
iMac
became the first Apple computers to use Intel's
Core Duo
CPU. By August 7, 2006, Apple made the transition to Intel chips for the entire Mac product line—over one year sooner than announced.
102
The Power Mac, iBook, and PowerBook brands were retired during the transition; the
Mac Pro
MacBook
, and MacBook Pro became their respective successors.
103
Apple also introduced
Boot Camp
in 2006 to help users install
Windows XP
or
Windows Vista
on their Intel Macs alongside Mac OS X.
104
Between early 2003 and 2006, the price of Apple's stock increased more than tenfold, from around $6 per share (
split-adjusted
) to over $80.
105
When Apple surpassed Dell's
market cap
in January 2006,
106
Jobs sent an email to Apple employees saying Dell's
CEO
Michael Dell
should eat his words.
107
Nine years prior, Dell had said that if he ran Apple he would "shut it down and give the money back to the shareholders".
108
2007–2011: Success with mobile devices
The newly announced
first-generation iPhone
was on display at the 2007
MacWorld Expo
During his keynote speech at the
Macworld Expo
on January 9, 2007, Jobs announced the renaming of Apple Computer, Inc. to Apple Inc., because the company had broadened its focus from computers to consumer electronics.
109
This event also saw the announcement of the
iPhone
110
and the
Apple TV
111
The company sold 270,000
first-generation iPhones
during the first 30 hours of sales,
112
and some industry commentators described the device as "a game changer for the industry".
113
In an article posted on Apple's website on February 6, 2007, Jobs wrote that Apple would be willing to sell music on the
iTunes Store
without
digital rights management
, thereby allowing tracks to be played on third-party players if record labels would agree to drop the technology.
114
On April 2, 2007, Apple and
EMI
jointly announced the removal of DRM technology from EMI's catalog in the iTunes Store, effective in May 2007.
115
Other record labels eventually followed suit and Apple published a press release in January 2009 to announce that all songs on the iTunes Store are available without its
FairPlay
DRM.
116
In July 2008, Apple launched the
App Store
to sell third-party applications for the iPhone and
iPod Touch
117
Within a month, the store sold 60 million applications and registered an average daily revenue of $1 million, with Jobs speculating in August 2008 that the App Store could become a billion-dollar business for Apple.
118
By October 2008, Apple was the third-largest mobile handset supplier in the world due to the popularity of the iPhone.
119
A docked
iPod Classic
; Apple worked with other manufacturers to implement purpose-built "
Made for iPod
" docking stations.
On January 14, 2009, Jobs announced in an internal memo that he would be taking a six-month medical
leave of absence
from Apple until the end of June 2009 and would spend the time focusing on his health. In the email, Jobs stated that "the curiosity over my personal health continues to be a distraction not only for me and my family, but everyone else at Apple as well", and explained that the break would allow the company "to focus on delivering extraordinary products".
120
Though Jobs was absent, Apple recorded its best non-holiday quarter (Q1 FY 2009) during
the recession
, with revenue of $8.16 billion and profit of $1.21 billion.
121
After years of speculation and multiple rumored "leaks", Apple unveiled a large screen, tablet-like media device known as the
iPad
on January 27, 2010. The iPad ran the same touch-based operating system as the iPhone, and all iPhone apps were compatible with the iPad. This gave the iPad a large app catalog on launch, though having very little development time before the release. Later that year on April 3, 2010, the iPad was launched in the US. It sold more than 300,000 units on its first day, and 500,000 by the end of the first week.
122
In May 2010, Apple's market cap exceeded that of competitor
Microsoft
for the first time since 1989.
123
In June 2010, Apple released the
iPhone 4
124
which introduced
video calling
using
FaceTime
multitasking
, and a new design with an exposed
stainless steel
frame as the phone's antenna system. Later that year, Apple again refreshed the
iPod
line by introducing a
multi-touch
iPod Nano
, an iPod Touch with FaceTime, and an
iPod Shuffle
that brought back the
clickwheel
buttons of earlier generations.
125
It also introduced the smaller, cheaper second-generation Apple TV which allowed the rental of movies and shows.
126
On January 17, 2011, Jobs announced in an internal Apple memo that he would take another medical leave of absence for an indefinite period to allow him to focus on his health. Chief operating officer
Tim Cook
assumed Jobs' day-to-day operations at Apple, although Jobs would still remain "involved in major strategic decisions".
127
Apple became the most valuable consumer-facing brand in the world,
128
and has consistently been among the most valuable brands since then.
129
In June 2011, Jobs took the stage and unveiled
iCloud
, an online storage and syncing service for music, photos, files, and software which replaced
MobileMe
, Apple's previous attempt at content syncing.
130
This would be the last product launch Jobs would attend before his death.
On August 24, 2011, Jobs resigned his position as CEO of Apple.
131
He was replaced by Cook
132
and Jobs became Apple's chairman. Apple did not have a chairman at the time
133
and instead had two co-lead directors,
Andrea Jung
and
Arthur D. Levinson
134
who continued with those titles until Levinson replaced Jobs as chairman of the board in November after Jobs' death.
135
2011–2020: Post-Jobs era, new devices
On October 5, 2011, Steve Jobs died, marking the end of an era for Apple.
136
The next major product announcement by Apple was on January 19, 2012, when Apple's
Phil Schiller
introduced
iBooks
Textbooks for iOS and iBooks Author for Mac OS X in New York City.
137
Jobs stated in the biography
Steve Jobs
that he wanted to reinvent the
textbook
industry and education.
138
From 2011 to 2012, Apple released the
iPhone 4s
139
and
iPhone 5
140
which featured improved cameras, an
intelligent software assistant
named
Siri
, and cloud-synced data with iCloud; the
third-
and
fourth-generation iPads
, which featured
Retina displays
141
142
and the
iPad Mini
, which featured a 7.9-inch screen in contrast to the iPad's 9.7-inch screen.
143
These launches were successful, with the iPhone 5 (released September 21, 2012) becoming Apple's biggest iPhone launch with over two million pre-orders
144
and sales of three million iPads in three days following the launch of the iPad Mini and fourth-generation iPad (released November 3, 2012).
145
Apple also released a third-generation 13-inch
MacBook Pro
with a Retina display and new
iMac
and
Mac Mini
computers.
142
143
146
On August 20, 2012, Apple's rising stock price increased the company's market capitalization to a then-record $624 billion. This beat the non-inflation-adjusted record for market capitalization previously set by
Microsoft
in 1999.
147
On August 24, 2012, a US jury ruled that Samsung should pay Apple $1.05 billion (£665m) in damages in an
intellectual property
lawsuit.
148
Samsung appealed the damages award, which was reduced by $450 million
149
and further granted Samsung's request for a new trial.
149
On November 10, 2012, Apple confirmed a global settlement that dismissed all existing lawsuits between Apple and HTC up to that date, in favor of a ten-year license agreement for current and future patents between the two companies.
150
It is predicted that Apple will make
US$280
million per year from this deal with HTC.
151
In May 2014, Apple confirmed its intent to acquire
Dr. Dre
and
Jimmy Iovine
's audio company
Beats Electronics
, producer of the "Beats by Dr. Dre" line of headphones and speaker products, and operator of the music streaming service
Beats Music
, for
US$3
billion, and to sell its products through Apple's retail outlets and resellers. Iovine believed that Beats had always "belonged" with Apple, as the company modeled itself after Apple's "unmatched ability to marry culture and technology". The acquisition was the largest purchase in Apple's history.
152
First-generation Apple Watch
(2015)
During a press event on September 9, 2014, Apple introduced a
smartwatch
called the
Apple Watch
153
Initially, Apple marketed the device as a
fashion accessory
154
and a complement to the iPhone, that would allow people to look at their smartphones less.
155
Over time, the company has focused on developing health and fitness-oriented features on the watch, in an effort to compete with dedicated
activity trackers
. In January 2016, Apple announced that over one billion Apple devices were in active use worldwide.
156
On June 6, 2016,
Fortune
released the
Fortune
500
, its annual list of companies ranked on revenue generation. In the trailing fiscal year of 2015, Apple was listed as the top tech company.
157
It ranked third, overall, with
US$233
billion in revenue.
157
This represents a movement upward of two spots from the previous year's list.
157
In June 2017, Apple announced the
HomePod
, its
smart speaker
aimed to compete against
Sonos
Google Home
, and
Amazon Echo
158
Toward the end of the year,
TechCrunch
reported that Apple was acquiring
Shazam
, a company that introduced its products at WWDC and specializing in music, TV, film and advertising recognition.
159
The acquisition was confirmed a few days later, reportedly costing Apple
US$400
million, with media reports that the purchase looked like a move to acquire data and tools bolstering the
Apple Music
streaming service.
160
The purchase was approved by the
European Union
in September 2018.
161
Also in June 2017, Apple appointed Jamie Erlicht and Zack Van Amburg to head the newly formed worldwide video unit. In November 2017, Apple announced it was branching out into original scripted programming:
a drama series
starring
Jennifer Aniston
and
Reese Witherspoon
, and a reboot of the anthology series
Amazing Stories
with
Steven Spielberg
162
In June 2018, Apple signed the
Writers Guild of America
's minimum basic agreement and
Oprah Winfrey
to a multi-year content partnership.
163
Additional partnerships for original series included
Sesame Workshop
and
DHX Media
and its subsidiary
Peanuts Worldwide
, and a partnership with
A24
to create original films.
164
During the
Apple Special Event
in September 2017, the
AirPower
wireless charger was announced alongside the
iPhone X
iPhone 8
, and
Watch Series 3
. The AirPower was intended to wirelessly charge multiple devices, simultaneously. Though initially set to release in early 2018, the AirPower would be canceled in March 2019, marking the first cancellation of a device under Cook's leadership.
165
On August 19, 2020, Apple's share price briefly topped $467.77, making it the first US company with a market capitalization of
US$2
trillion.
166
2020–2024: Transition from Intel CPUs, legal compliance and settlements
MacBook Air M1
(2020), Apple's first notebook computer following the switch from
x86
-based
Intel
processors to
ARM
processors
During its annual
WWDC
keynote speech on June 22, 2020, Apple announced it would move away from Intel processors, and the
Mac would transition to processors developed in-house
167
The announcement was expected by industry analysts, and it has been noted that Macs featuring Apple's processors would allow for big increases in performance over current Intel-based models.
168
On November 10, 2020, the MacBook Air, MacBook Pro, and the Mac Mini became the first Macs powered by an Apple-designed processor, the
Apple M1
169
In April 2022, it was reported that
Samsung Electro-Mechanics
would be collaborating with Apple on its M2 chip instead of
LG Innotek
170
Developer logs showed that at least nine Mac models with four different M2 chips were being tested.
171
The Wall Street Journal
reported that Apple's effort to develop its own chips left it better prepared to deal with the semiconductor shortage that emerged during the
COVID-19 pandemic
, which led to increased profitability, with sales of M1-based Mac computers rising sharply in 2020 and 2021. It also inspired other companies like
Tesla
Amazon
, and
Meta Platforms
to pursue a similar path.
172
In April 2022, Apple opened an online store that allowed anyone in the US to view repair manuals and order replacement parts for specific recent iPhones, although the difference in cost between this method and official repair is anticipated to be minimal.
173
In May 2022, a trademark was filed for RealityOS, an operating system reportedly intended for virtual and augmented reality headsets, first mentioned in 2017. According to Bloomberg, the headset may come out in 2023.
174
Further insider reports state that the device uses iris scanning for payment confirmation and signing into accounts.
175
In June 2023, Apple formally announced its first mixed reality headset, the
Apple Vision Pro
, which ran its new
visionOS
operating system.
176
The headset was released in February of the following year.
177
On June 18, 2022, the Apple Store in
Towson, Maryland
, became the first to unionize in the US, with the employees voting to join the
International Association of Machinists and Aerospace Workers
178
On July 7, 2022, Apple added Lockdown Mode to macOS 13 and iOS 16, as a response to the earlier Pegasus revelations; the mode increases security protections for high-risk users against targeted
zero-day
malware.
179
Apple launched a
buy now, pay later
service called 'Apple Pay Later' for its
Apple Wallet
users in March 2023. The program allows its users to apply for loans between $50 and $1,000 to make online or in-app purchases and then repaying them through four installments spread over six weeks without any interest or fees.
180
181
In November 2023, Apple agreed to a $25-million settlement in a
US Department of Justice
case that alleged Apple was discriminating against US citizens in hiring. Apple created jobs that were not listed online and that required a paper submission application, while advertising these jobs to foreign workers as part of recruitment for
PERM
182
In January 2024, Apple announced compliance with the European Union's competition law, with major changes to the App Store and other services, effective on March 7. This enables iOS users in the 27-nation bloc to use alternative app stores, and alternative payment methods within apps. This adds a menu in Safari for downloading alternative browsers, such as Chrome or Firefox.
183
In June 2024, Apple introduced
Apple Intelligence
to incorporate on-device
artificial intelligence
(AI) capabilities.
184
In October 2024, Apple introduced its Apple Intelligence suite, bringing generative AI features such as writing assistance, enhanced
Siri
capabilities, and improved photo tools to select iPhone, iPad, and Mac devices.
185
On November 1, 2024, Apple announced its acquisition of
Pixelmator
, a company known for its image editing applications for iPhone and Mac. Apple had previously showcased Pixelmator's apps during its product launches, including naming Pixelmator Pro its Mac App of the Year in 2018 for its innovative use of machine learning and AI. In the announcement, Pixelmator stated that there would be no significant changes to its existing apps following the acquisition.
186
On December 31, 2024, a preliminary settlement was filed in the Oakland California federal court that accused Apple of unlawfully recording private conversations, through unintentional Siri activations, and of sharing them with third parties, including advertisers. Apple agreed to a $95-million cash settlement to resolve this lawsuit in which its Siri assistant violated user privacy. While denying any wrongdoing, Apple settled the case, allowing affected users to potentially claim up to $20 per device. Attorneys sought $28.5 million in fees from the settlement fund.
187
2025–present: Domestic investment, AI development, and Tim Cook's retirement as CEO
In 2025, Apple undertook its largest investment initiative to date, announcing a commitment to spend over $500 billion in the United States over the following four years. This extensive strategy includes the opening of a new manufacturing facility in Houston to produce servers supporting Apple Intelligence, expansion of
research and development
in fields like silicon engineering and AI, and the establishment of a new advanced manufacturing academy in Detroit. The company also pledged to double its US Advanced Manufacturing Fund and increase collaboration with American suppliers, aiming to create tens of thousands of jobs related to R&D, AI, and manufacturing technologies.
188
The software landscape at Apple underwent a transformation in 2025. At its Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC), Apple introduced the new "
Liquid Glass
" design language, rolled out unified system design updates across
iOS 26
iPadOS 26
macOS Tahoe
, and other platforms, and significantly expanded the capabilities of Apple Intelligence. According to Apple, these updates were intended to address previous criticisms of fragmented interfaces and to use on‑device and cloud‑based AI to improve privacy and user experience.
189
190
Despite continued growth in its services sector, including a new all-time high for services revenue in the March quarter and the launch of updated models such as the
iPhone 16e
and M4 MacBook Air,
191
192
Apple faced significant challenges. The company contended with a 19% decline in stock value year-to-date, ongoing antitrust investigations by the US Department of Justice, and legal disputes involving the App Store.
Competition in the AI space
escalated, with rivals gaining ground. High-profile departures
193
and political tensions, including calls for Apple to manufacture iPhones domestically or face tariffs, added to the pressure, have been cited by analysts as contributing to a difficult year for CEO
Tim Cook
194
In December 2025, Cook met with US House members to push back against the App Store Accountability Act which could require that Apple authenticates users' ages and possibly collect sensitive data on children.
195
On January 12, 2026, Apple announced a partnership with
Google Gemini
for AI-powered Siri.
196
In January 2026, Apple acquired Q.ai, an Israeli artificial intelligence startup specializing in imaging and machine learning technologies for audio processing. The financial terms were not disclosed, though media reports estimated the acquisition at nearly US$2 billion; this is Apple's second-largest purchase to date. Following the deal, Q.ai's founders and approximately 100 employees joined Apple.
197
198
199
In February 2026, US lawmakers requested that the United Kingdom government provide a briefing on its now-rescinded order for Apple to build a backdoor into its encrypted devices, expressing concerns about privacy and security implications of such access.
200
On April 20, 2026, Apple announced that
John Ternus
is succeeding Tim Cook as CEO, while Cook will assume the role of executive chairman on September 1, 2026.
201
202
It was also announced that at the same time,
Arthur Levinson
(current Non-Executive Chairman) will step into the role of Lead Independent Director.
On April 20, 2026, Apple announced that Tim Cook will step down as CEO on September 1, 2026, to be succeeded by John Ternus, the Senior Vice President of Hardware Engineering. Cook is slated to become Executive Chairman of the Board, while Arthur Levinson, the long-standing non-executive chairman, will transition to the role of Lead Independent Director.
203
Products
See also:
List of Apple products
Since the company's founding and into the early 2000s, Apple primarily sold computers, which are marketed as
Macintosh
since the mid-1980s. Since then, the company has expanded its product categories to include various portable devices, starting with the now discontinued
iPod
(2001), and later the
iPhone
(2007) and
iPad
(2010). Apple also sells several other products that it categorizes as "Wearables, Home and Accessories", such as the
Apple Watch
Apple TV
AirPods
HomePod
, and
Apple Vision Pro
. As of 2023
[update]
, there were over 2 billion Apple devices in active use worldwide.
204
Commentators have described Apple devices as forming
a cohesive ecosystem
when used together,
205
but have criticized them for reduced functionality or fewer features available when used with competing devices, and for reliance on Apple's proprietary features, software, and services—an approach often described as a "
walled garden
".
206
Cory Doctorow
, a Canadian
intellectual property
researcher and activist, characterized Apple's strategy of promoting interoperability with its own products while simultaneously reducing functionality for competitors as an
anti-competitive practice
207
Mac
Main article:
Mac (computer)
MacBook Air with M2 chip
iMac with M1 chip
Mac, which is short for Macintosh, its official name until 1999, is Apple's line of personal computers that use the company's proprietary
macOS
operating system. Personal computers were Apple's original business line, but as of the end of 2024
[update]
they account for only about eight percent of the company's revenue.
208
There are six Mac computer families in production:
iMac
: Consumer all-in-one desktop computer, introduced in 1998.
Mac Mini
: Consumer sub-desktop computer, introduced in 2005.
MacBook Pro
: Professional notebook, introduced in 2006.
MacBook Air
: Consumer ultra-thin notebook, introduced in 2008.
Mac Studio
: Professional small form-factor workstation, introduced in 2022.
MacBook Neo
: Low-cost ultra-thin notebook, introduced in 2026.
Macs use
Apple silicon
chips, run the macOS operating system, and include Apple software like the
Safari
web browser,
iMovie
for home movie editing,
GarageBand
for music creation, and the
iWork
productivity suite. Apple also sells
pro apps
Final Cut Pro
for video production,
Logic Pro
for musicians and producers, and
Xcode
for software developers. Apple also sells a variety of accessories for Macs, including the
Studio Display
and
Studio Display XDR
Magic Mouse
Magic Trackpad
, and
Magic Keyboard
. The latest and current series of Mac include either the
M5
Apple Silicon chip, expected to be released with a new Mac Studio model in mid-2026 and already available in the MacBook Pro and the
A18 Pro
-powered MacBook Neo, the company's first ostensibly 'entry level' MacBook product.
209
210
iPhone
Main article:
iPhone
Back view of an
iPhone 16
in ultramarine
The iPhone is Apple's line of
smartphones
, which run the company's
iOS
operating system. The
first iPhone
was unveiled by Steve Jobs on January 9, 2007. Since then, new
iPhone models
have been released every year. When it was introduced, its
multi-touch
screen was described as "revolutionary" and a "game-changer" for the mobile phone industry. The device has been credited with creating the
app economy
iOS is one of the two major smartphone
platforms
in the world, alongside
Android
. The iPhone has generated large profits for the company, and is credited with helping to make Apple one of the world's most valuable publicly traded companies.
211
As of the end of 2024
[update]
, the iPhone accounts for nearly half of the company's revenue.
208
iPad
Main article:
iPad
The
2020 iPad Pro
on display
The iPad is Apple's line of
tablets
, which run the company's
iPadOS
operating system. The
first-generation iPad
was announced on January 27, 2010. The iPad is mainly marketed for consuming multimedia, creating art, working on documents, videoconferencing, and playing games. The iPad lineup consists of several base iPad models, and the smaller
iPad Mini
, upgraded
iPad Air
, and high-end
iPad Pro
. Apple has consistently improved the iPad's performance, with the iPad Pro adopting the same
M-series
chips as the Mac, though the iPad continues to receive criticism for its limited OS.
212
213
As of September 2020,
[update]
Apple has sold more than 500 million iPads, though sales peaked in 2013.
214
The iPad remains the
most popular tablet computer by sales
as of the second quarter of 2020
[update]
215
and accounted for seven percent of the company's revenue as of the end of 2024
[update]
208
Apple sells several
iPad accessories
, including the
Apple Pencil
Smart Keyboard
Smart Keyboard Folio
Magic Keyboard
, and several adapters.
Other products
AirPods Max
Apple Watch Ultra
Apple makes several other products that it categorizes as "Wearables, Home and Accessories".
216
These products include the
AirPods
line of wireless headphones,
Apple TV
digital media players,
Apple Watch
smartwatches,
Beats
headphones,
HomePod
smart speakers, and the
Vision Pro
mixed reality headset. As of the end of 2024
[update]
, this broad line of products comprises about ten percent of the company's revenues.
208
Services
Apple offers a broad line of services, including advertising in the
App Store
and Apple News app, the
AppleCare+
extended warranty plan, the
iCloud+
cloud-based data storage service, payment services through the
Apple Card
credit card and the
Apple Pay
processing platform, digital content services including
Apple Books
Apple Fitness+
Apple Music
Apple News+
Apple TV
(formerly TV+), and the
iTunes Store
. Apple also provides
Apple One
, which is a bundle of these services. In 2019, Apple announced it would be making a concerted effort to expand its service revenues.
217
As of the end of 2024
[update]
, services comprise about 26% of the company's revenue.
208
Marketing
Main article:
Marketing of Apple Inc.
Branding
The original official logo of Apple was used from 1977 to 1999.
218
According to Steve Jobs, the company's name was inspired by his visit to an apple farm while on a
fruitarian
diet.
219
Apple's first logo, designed by
Ron Wayne
, depicts
Sir Isaac Newton
sitting under an apple tree. It was almost immediately replaced by
Rob Janoff
's "rainbow Apple", the now-familiar rainbow-colored silhouette of an apple with a bite taken out of it.
220
This logo has been erroneously referred to as a tribute to
Alan Turing
, with the bite mark a reference to
his method of suicide
221
On August 27, 1999,
222
Apple officially dropped the rainbow scheme and began to use single-color logos nearly identical in shape to the previous rainbow incarnation. An
Aqua
-themed version of the logo was used from 1997 until 2003, and a glass-themed version was used from 2007 until 2013.
223
Apple evangelists
were actively engaged by the company at one time, but this was after the phenomenon had already been firmly established. Apple
evangelist
Guy Kawasaki
has called the brand fanaticism "something that was stumbled upon",
224
while Jonathan Ive claimed in 2014 that "people have an incredibly personal relationship" with Apple's products.
86
Fortune
magazine named Apple the most admired company in the United States in 2008, and in the world from 2008 to 2012.
225
On September 30, 2013, Apple surpassed
Coca-Cola
to become the world's most valuable brand in the
Omnicom Group
's "Best Global Brands" report.
226
Boston Consulting Group
has ranked Apple as the world's most innovative brand every year as of 2005
[update]
227
As of January 2021,
[update]
1.65 billion Apple products were in active use.
228
229
In February 2023, that number exceeded 2 billion devices.
230
204
In 2023, the
World Intellectual Property Organization
's Madrid Yearly Review ranked Apple's number of
trademark
applications, filled under the
Madrid System
, as 10th in the world, with 74 trademark applications submitted during 2023.
231
Advertising
Main article:
Apple Inc. advertising
Apple's first slogan, "
Byte
into an Apple", was coined in the late 1970s.
232
From 1997 to 2002, the slogan "
Think different
" was used in advertising campaigns, and is still closely associated with Apple.
233
Apple also has slogans for specific product lines—for example, "iThink, therefore iMac" was used in 1998 to promote the
iMac
234
and "Say hello to iPhone" has been used in iPhone advertisements.
235
"Hello" was also used to introduce the original Macintosh,
Newton
, iMac ("hello (again)"), and iPod.
236
From the introduction of the Macintosh in 1984, with the
1984 Super Bowl advertisement
to the more modern
Get a Mac
adverts, Apple has been recognized for its efforts toward effective advertising and marketing for its products. However, claims made by later campaigns
were criticized
237
particularly the 2005 Power Mac ads.
238
Apple's product advertisements gained significant attention as a result of their graphics and song choice.
239
Musicians who benefited from an improved profile as a result of their songs being included on Apple advertisements include Canadian singer
Feist
with the song "
1234
" and
Yael Naïm
with the song "
New Soul
".
239
Stores
Main article:
Apple Store
Apple Fifth Avenue
is the flagship store in New York City.
Customers visit the
Genius Bar
at Apple's
Regent Street
store in 2006.
The first Apple Stores were originally opened as two locations in May 2001 by then-
CEO
Steve Jobs,
93
after years of attempting but failing
store-within-a-store
concepts.
94
Seeing a need for improved retail presentation of the company's products, he began an effort in 1997 to revamp the retail program to get an improved relationship to consumers, and hired
Ron Johnson
in 2000.
94
Jobs relaunched Apple's online store in 1997,
240
and opened the first two physical stores in 2001.
93
The media initially speculated that Apple would fail,
95
but they exceeded the sales numbers of competing nearby stores, and within three years reached US$1 billion in annual sales, becoming the fastest retailer in history to do so.
95
Over the years, Apple has expanded the number of retail locations and its geographical coverage, with 499 stores across 22 countries worldwide as of December 2017
[update]
Strong product sales have placed Apple among the top-tier retail stores, with sales over $16 billion globally in 2011.
241
Apple Stores underwent a period of significant redesign, beginning in May 2016. This redesign included physical changes to the Apple Stores, such as open spaces and re-branded rooms, and changes in function to facilitate interaction between consumers and professionals.
242
Many Apple Stores are located inside shopping malls, but Apple has built several stand-alone "flagship" stores in high-profile locations.
94
It has been granted design
patents
and received architectural awards for its stores' designs and construction, specifically for its use of glass staircases and cubes.
243
The success of Apple Stores have had significant influence over other consumer electronics retailers, which have lost traffic, control and profits due to a perceived higher quality of service and products at Apple Stores.
244
Due to the popularity of the brand, Apple receives a large number of job applications, many of which come from young workers.
241
Although Apple Store employees receive above-average pay, are offered money toward education and health care, and receive product discounts,
241
there are limited or no paths of career advancement.
241
Market power
On March 16, 2020, France fined Apple €1.1 billion for colluding with two wholesalers to stifle competition and keep prices high by impeding independent resellers. The arrangement created aligned prices for Apple products such as iPads and personal computers for about half the French retail market. According to the French regulators, the abuses occurred between 2005 and 2017 but were first discovered after a complaint by an independent reseller, eBizcuss, in 2012.
245
On August 13, 2020,
Epic Games
, the maker of the popular game
Fortnite
sued Apple
and
Google
after
Fortnite
was removed from Apple's and Google's app stores. The lawsuits came after Apple and Google blocked the game after it introduced a direct payment system that bypassed the fees that Apple and Google had imposed.
246
In September 2020, Epic Games founded the
Coalition for App Fairness
together with thirteen other companies, which aims for better conditions for the inclusion of apps in the app stores.
247
Later, in December 2020,
agreed to assist Epic in its legal game against Apple, planning to support the company by providing materials and documents to Epic. Facebook had, however, stated that the company would not participate directly with the lawsuit, although did commit to helping with the discovery of evidence relating to the trial of 2021. In the months prior to their agreement, Facebook had been dealing with feuds against Apple relating to the prices of paid apps and privacy rule changes.
248
Head of ad products for Facebook Dan Levy commented, saying that "this is not really about privacy for them, this is about an attack on personalized ads and the consequences it's going to have on small-business owners," commenting on the full-page ads placed by Facebook in various newspapers in December 2020.
249
PRISM
is a
clandestine
surveillance
program under which the
NSA
collects user data from companies such as Facebook and Apple.
250
Apple has publicly taken a pro-privacy stance, actively making privacy-conscious features and settings part of its conferences, promotional campaigns, and public image.
251
With its
iOS 8
mobile operating system in 2014, the company started encrypting all contents of
iOS
devices through users' passcodes, making it impossible at the time for the company to provide customer data to law enforcement requests seeking such information.
252
With the popularity rise of cloud storage solutions, Apple began a technique in 2016 to do
deep learning
scans for facial data in photos on the user's local device and encrypting the content before uploading it to Apple's
iCloud
storage system.
253
It also introduced "differential privacy", a way to collect crowdsourced data from many users, while keeping individual users anonymous, in a system that
Wired
described as "trying to learn as much as possible about a group while learning as little as possible about any individual in it".
254
Users are explicitly asked if they want to participate, and can actively opt-in or opt-out.
255
However, Apple has aided law enforcement in criminal investigations by providing iCloud backups of users' devices,
256
and the company's commitment to privacy has been questioned by its efforts to promote
biometric authentication
technology in its
iPhone models
starting with the
iPhone 5s
257
which do not have the same level of
constitutional
privacy as a passcode in the United States.
258
With Apple's release of an update to
iOS 14
, Apple required all developers of iPhone, iPad, and iPod Touch applications to directly ask iPhone users permission to track them. The feature, called "App Tracking Transparency", received heavy criticism from
, whose primary business model revolves around the tracking of users' data and sharing such data with advertisers so users can see more relevant ads, a technique commonly known as
targeted advertising
. After Facebook's measures, including purchasing full-page newspaper advertisements protesting App Tracking Transparency, Apple released the update in early 2021. A study by
Verizon
subsidiary Flurry Analytics reported only 4% of iOS users in the United States and 12% worldwide have opted into tracking.
259
Prior to the release of
iOS 15
, Apple announced new efforts at combating
child sexual abuse material
on iOS and Mac platforms. Parents of minor
iMessage
users can now be alerted if their child sends or receives nude photographs. Additionally, on-device
hashing
would take place on media destined for upload to iCloud, and hashes would be compared to a list of known abusive images provided by law enforcement; if enough matches were found, Apple would be alerted and authorities informed. The new features received praise from law enforcement and victims rights advocates. However, privacy advocates, including the
Electronic Frontier Foundation
, condemned the new features as invasive and highly prone to abuse by authoritarian governments.
260
Ireland's
Data Protection Commission
launched a privacy investigation to examine whether Apple complied with the EU's
law following an investigation into how the company processes personal data with targeted ads on its platform.
261
In December 2019, security researcher
Brian Krebs
discovered that the
iPhone 11 Pro
would still show the arrow indicator–signifying location services are being used–at the top of the screen while the main location services toggle is enabled, despite all individual location services being disabled. Krebs was unable to replicate this behavior on older models and when asking Apple for comment, he was told by Apple that "It is expected behavior that the Location Services icon appears in the status bar when Location Services is enabled. The icon appears for system services that do not have a switch in Settings."
262
Apple later further clarified that this behavior was to ensure compliance with
ultra-wideband
regulations in specific countries, a technology Apple started implementing in iPhones starting with iPhone 11 Pro, and emphasized that "the management of ultra wideband compliance and its use of location data is done entirely on the device and Apple is not collecting user location data." Will Strafach, an executive at security firm
Guardian Firewall
, confirmed the lack of evidence that location data was sent off to a remote server. Apple promised to add a new toggle for this feature and in later iOS revisions Apple provided users with the option to tap on the location services indicator in Control Center to see which specific service is using the device's location.
263
264
According to published reports by
Bloomberg News
on March 30, 2022, Apple turned over data such as phone numbers, physical addresses, and
IP addresses
to hackers posing as law enforcement officials using forged documents. The law enforcement requests sometimes included
forged signatures
of real or fictional officials. When asked about the allegations, an Apple representative referred the reporter to a section of the company policy for law enforcement guidelines, which stated, "We review every data request for legal sufficiency and use advanced systems and processes to validate law enforcement requests and detect abuse."
265
Corporate affairs
See also:
List of mergers and acquisitions by Apple
Braeburn Capital
FileMaker
, and
Criticism of Apple Inc.
Business trends
The key trends for Apple are, as of each financial year ending September 24:
266
267
Fiscal year
Revenue figures
Non-revenue figures
Ref.
Total
revenue
(US$ b)
iPhone
revenue
(US$ b)
Mac
revenue
(US$ b)
iPad
revenue
(US$ b)
Wearables, home,
and accessories
revenue
(US$ b)
Services
revenue
(US$ b)
Net profit
(US$ b)
Number of
employees
(k,
FTE
2011
108
45.9
21.7
19.1
11.9
9.3
25.9
60.4
268
2012
156
78.6
23.2
30.9
10.7
12.8
41.7
72.8
269
2013
170
91.2
21.4
31.9
10.1
16.0
37.0
80.3
270
2014
182
101
24.0
30.2
8.3
18.0
39.5
92.6
271
2015
233
155
25.4
23.2
10.0
19.9
53.3
110
272
2016
215
136
22.8
20.6
11.1
24.3
45.6
116
273
2017
229
139
25.5
18.8
12.8
32.7
48.3
123
274
2018
265
164
25.1
18.3
17.3
39.7
59.3
132
275
2019
260
142
25.7
21.2
24.4
46.2
55.2
137
276
2020
274
137
28.6
23.7
30.6
53.7
57.4
147
277
2021
365
191
35.1
31.8
38.3
68.4
94.6
154
278
2022
394
205
40.1
29.2
41.2
78.1
99.8
164
279
2023
383
200
29.3
28.3
39.8
85.2
96.9
161
280
2024
391
201
29.9
26.6
37.0
96.1
93.7
164
281
2025
416
209
33.7
28.0
35.6
109
112
166
282
Leadership
Senior management
As of April 20, 2026
[update]
, the management of Apple includes:
283
284
Tim Cook
chief executive officer
Sabih Khan
chief operating officer
Johny Srouji
(chief hardware officer)
Kevan Parekh
(senior vice president and
chief financial officer
Katherine Adams (senior vice president – Government Affairs)
Eddy Cue
(senior vice president – Services and Health)
Craig Federighi
(senior vice president – Software Engineering)
Greg Joswiak
(senior vice president – Worldwide Marketing)
Jennifer Newstead
(senior vice president and General Counsel)
Deirdre O'Brien
(senior vice president –
Retail
+ People)
John Ternus
(senior vice president – Hardware Engineering)
Board of directors
As of January 3, 2025
[update]
, the
board of directors
of Apple includes:
283
Arthur D. Levinson
(chairman)
Tim Cook
(executive director and CEO)
Wanda Austin
Alex Gorsky
Andrea Jung
Monica Lozano
Ronald Sugar
Susan Wagner
Previous CEOs
Michael Scott
(1977–1981)
Mike Markkula
(1981–1983)
John Sculley
(1983–1993)
Michael Spindler
(1993–1996)
Gil Amelio
(1996–1997)
Steve Jobs
(1997–2011)
Ownership
As of December 31, 2025
[update]
, the largest shareholders of Apple were:
285
The Vanguard Group
(1,430,000,000 shares, 9.72%)
BlackRock
(1,150,000,000 shares, 7.86%)
State Street Corporation
(604,060,000 shares, 4.11%)
Geode Capital Management
(358,030,000 shares, 2.44%)
Fidelity Investments
(307,400,000 shares, 2.09%)
Morgan Stanley
(230,480,000 shares, 1.57%)
Berkshire Hathaway
(227,920,000 shares, 1.55%)
JPMorgan Chase
(225,420,000 shares, 1.54%)
T. Rowe Price
(203,500,000 shares, 1.39%)
Norges Bank
(192,260,000 shares, 1.31%)
Corporate culture
Co-founder
Steve Wozniak
and Macintosh engineer
Andy Hertzfeld
attended the
Apple User Group Connection
club in 1985.
Universities that produced the most alumni who became Apple employees
Apple is one of several highly successful companies founded in the 1970s that bucked the traditional notions of
corporate culture
. Jobs often walked around the office barefoot even after Apple became a
Fortune
500
company. By the time of the "
1984
" television advertisement, Apple's informal culture had become a key trait that differentiated it from its competitors.
286
According to a 2011 report in
Fortune
, this has resulted in a corporate culture more akin to a startup rather than a multinational corporation.
287
In a 2017 interview, Wozniak credited watching
Star Trek
and attending
Star Trek
conventions
in his youth as inspiration for co-founding Apple.
288
As the company has grown and been led by a series of differently opinionated chief executives, some media have suggested that it has lost some of its original character.
289
290
291
292
Nonetheless, it has maintained a reputation for fostering individuality and excellence that reliably attracts talented workers, particularly after Jobs returned.
293
Numerous Apple employees have stated that projects without Jobs' involvement often took longer than others.
294
The Apple
Fellows
program awards employees for extraordinary technical or leadership contributions to
personal computing
. Recipients include
Bill Atkinson
295
Steve Capps
296
Rod Holt
295
Alan Kay
297
298
Guy Kawasaki
297
299
Al Alcorn
300
Don Norman
297
Rich Page
295
Steve Wozniak
295
and
Phil Schiller
301
Jobs intended that employees were to be specialists who are not exposed to functions outside their area of expertise. For instance,
Ron Johnson
—Senior Vice President of Retail Operations until November 1, 2011—was responsible for site selection, in-store service, and store layout, yet had no control of the inventory in his stores. This was done by Tim Cook, who had a background in supply-chain management.
302
Apple is known for strictly enforcing accountability. Each project has a "directly responsible individual" or "DRI" in Apple jargon.
287
303
Unlike other major US companies, Apple provides a relatively simple compensation policy for executives that does not include perks enjoyed by other CEOs like country club fees or private use of company aircraft. The company typically grants stock options to executives every other year.
304
In 2015, Apple had 110,000 full-time employees. This increased to 116,000 full-time employees the next year, a notable hiring decrease, largely due to its first revenue decline. Apple does not specify how many of its employees work in retail, though its 2014
SEC
filing put the number at approximately half of its employee base.
305
In September 2017, Apple announced that it had over 123,000 full-time employees.
306
Apple has a strong culture of
corporate secrecy
, and has an anti-
leak
Global Security team that recruits from the
National Security Agency
, the
Federal Bureau of Investigation
, and the
United States Secret Service
307
In December 2017,
Glassdoor
said Apple was the 48th best place to work, having originally entered at rank 19 in 2009, peaking at rank 10 in 2012, and falling down the ranks in subsequent years.
308
In 2023, Bloomberg's
Mark Gurman
revealed the existence of Apple's Exploratory Design Group (XDG), which was working to add glucose monitoring to the Apple Watch. Gurman compared XDG to Alphabet's
X "moonshot factory"
309
Offices
Main articles:
Apple Park
and
Apple Campus
The original Apple Campus has the street address 1 Infinite Loop, Cupertino, California.
Apple's world corporate headquarters are located in
Cupertino
, in the middle of California's
Silicon Valley
, at Apple Park, a massive circular
groundscraper
building with a
circumference
of one mile (1.6 km). The building opened in April 2017 and houses more than 12,000 employees. Apple co-founder
Steve Jobs
wanted Apple Park to look less like a
business park
and more like a nature refuge, and personally appeared before the Cupertino City Council in June 2011 to make the proposal, in his final public appearance before his death.
Apple also operates from the Apple Campus (also known by its address, 1 Infinite Loop), a grouping of six buildings in Cupertino that total 850,000 square feet (79,000 m
) located about 1 mile (1.6 km) to the west of Apple Park.
310
The Apple Campus was the company's headquarters from its opening in 1993, until the opening of Apple Park in 2017. The buildings, located at 1–6
Infinite Loop
, are arranged in a circular pattern around a central
green space
, in a design that has been compared to that of a
university
In addition to Apple Park and the Apple Campus, Apple occupies an additional thirty office buildings scattered throughout the city of Cupertino, including three buildings as prior headquarters: Stephens Creek Three from 1977 to 1978, Bandley One from 1978 to 1982, and Mariani One from 1982 to 1993.
311
In total, Apple occupies almost 40% of the available office space in the city.
312
Apple's headquarters for Europe, the Middle East and Africa (EMEA) are located in
Cork
in the south of
Ireland
, called the Hollyhill campus.
313
The facility, which opened in 1980, houses 5,500 people and was Apple's first location outside of the United States.
314
Apple's international sales and distribution arms operate out of the campus in Cork.
315
Apple has two campuses near Austin, Texas: a 216,000-square-foot (20,100 m
) campus opened in 2014 houses 500 engineers who work on
Apple silicon
316
and a 1.1-million-square-foot (100,000 m
) campus opened in 2021 where 6,000 people work in technical support, supply chain management, online store curation, and
Apple Maps
data management. The company also has several other locations in Boulder, Colorado; Culver City, California; Herzliya (Israel), London, New York, Pittsburgh, San Diego, and Seattle that each employ hundreds of people.
317
Litigation
Main article:
Litigation involving Apple Inc.
Apple has been a participant in various legal proceedings and claims since it began operation.
318
In particular, Apple is known for and promotes itself as actively and aggressively enforcing its intellectual property interests. Some litigation examples include
Apple v. Samsung
Apple v. Microsoft
Motorola Mobility v. Apple Inc.
, and
Apple Corps v. Apple Computer
. Apple has also had to defend itself against charges on numerous occasions of violating intellectual property rights. Most have been dismissed in the courts as
shell companies
known as
patent trolls
, with no evidence of actual use of
patents
in question.
319
On December 21, 2016, Nokia announced that in the US and Germany, it has filed a suit against Apple, claiming that the latter's products infringe on Nokia's patents.
320
Most recently, in November 2017, the
United States International Trade Commission
announced an investigation into allegations of patent infringement in regards to Apple's remote desktop technology; Aqua Connect, a company that builds remote desktop software, has claimed that Apple infringed on two of its patents.
321
Epic Games
filed a
lawsuit
against Apple in August 2020 in the
United States District Court for the Northern District of California
, related to Apple's practices in the
iOS App Store
In January 2022,
Ericsson
sued Apple over payment of royalty of
5G
technology.
322
On June 24, 2024, the
European Commission
accused Apple of violating the
Digital Markets Act
by preventing "app developers from freely steering consumers to alternative channels for offers and content".
323
In April 2025, Apple was found guilty and fined €500 million ($570 million) for violating the Digital Markets Act.
324
Lobbying
In 2025, Apple was one of the donors who funded the White House's
East Wing demolition
, and planned building of
a ballroom
325
Finances
See also:
List of mergers and acquisitions by Apple
Revenue by market (2024)
326
Country
Share
Americas
43.7%
EMEA
25.9%
Greater China
17.1%
Rest of
Asia-Pacific
7.8%
Japan
6.1%
As of 2024, Apple was the world's
fourth-largest personal computer vendor
327
the
largest vendor of tablet computers
328
and the
largest vendor of mobile phones
329
It is a
Big Tech
company.
330
331
In its fiscal year ending in September 2011, Apple reported a total of $108 billion in annual revenues—a significant increase from its 2010 revenues of $65 billion—and nearly $82 billion in
cash reserves
332
On March 19, 2012, Apple announced plans for a $2.65-per-share
dividend
beginning in the fourth quarter of 2012, per approval by its board of directors.
333
The company's worldwide annual revenue in 2013 totaled $170 billion.
334
In May 2013, Apple entered the top ten of the
Fortune
500
list of companies for the first time, rising 11 places above its 2012 ranking to take the sixth position.
335
As of 2016
[update]
, Apple has around US$234 billion of cash and marketable securities, of which 90% is located outside the United States for tax purposes.
336
Apple amassed 65% of all profits made by the eight largest worldwide smartphone manufacturers in quarter one of 2014, according to a report by
Canaccord Genuity
. In the first quarter of 2015, the company garnered 92% of all earnings.
337
On April 30, 2017,
The Wall Street Journal
reported that Apple had
cash reserves
of $250 billion,
338
officially confirmed by Apple as specifically $256.8 billion a few days later.
339
As of August 3, 2018
[update]
, Apple was the
largest publicly traded corporation in the world by market capitalization
. On August 2, 2018, Apple became the first publicly traded US company to reach a $1 trillion market value,
340
341
and, as of October 2025
[update]
, is valued at just over $4 trillion.
342
Apple was ranked No. 3 on the 2023
Fortune
500
rankings of the
largest United States corporations by revenue
343
In July 2022, Apple reported an 11% decline in Q3 profits compared to 2021. Its revenue in the same period rose 2% year-on-year to $83 billion, though this figure was also lower than in 2021, where the increase was at 36%. The general downturn is reportedly caused by the slowing global economy and supply chain disruptions in China.
344
That year, Apple was one of the
largest corporate spenders
on research and development worldwide, with R&D expenditure amounting to over $27 billion.
345
In May 2023, Apple reported a decline in its sales for the first quarter of 2023. Compared to that of 2022, revenue for 2023 fell by 3%. This is Apple's second consecutive quarter of sales decline. This fall is attributed to the slowing economy and consumers putting off purchases of iPads and computers due to increased pricing. However, iPhone sales held up with a year-on-year increase of 1.5%. According to Apple, demands for such devices were strong, particularly in Latin America and South Asia.
346
Taxes
Apple has created subsidiaries in low-tax places such as
Ireland
, the
Netherlands
Luxembourg
, and the
British Virgin Islands
to cut the taxes it pays around the world. According to
The New York Times
, in the 1980s Apple was among the first tech companies to designate overseas salespeople in high-tax countries in a manner that allowed the company to sell on behalf of low-tax subsidiaries on other continents, sidestepping income taxes. In the late 1980s, Apple was a pioneer of an accounting technique known as the "
Double Irish with a Dutch sandwich
", which reduces taxes by routing profits through Irish subsidiaries and the Netherlands and then to the Caribbean.
347
348
British Conservative Party
Member of Parliament
Charlie Elphicke
published research on October 30, 2012,
349
which showed that some multinational companies, including Apple, were making billions of pounds of profit in the UK, but were paying an effective tax rate to the UK Treasury of only 3 percent, well below standard
corporate tax
rates. He followed this research by calling on the
Chancellor of the Exchequer
George Osborne
to force these multinationals, which also included
Google
and
the Coca-Cola Company
, to state the effective rate of tax it pays on its UK revenues. Elphicke also said that government contracts should be withheld from multinationals who do not pay their fair share of UK tax.
350
According to a
US Senate
report on the company's offshore tax structure concluded in May 2013, Apple has held billions of dollars in profits in Irish subsidiaries to pay little or no taxes to any government by using an unusual global tax structure.
351
The main subsidiary, a holding company that includes Apple's retail stores throughout Europe, has not paid any corporate income tax in the last five years. "Apple has exploited a difference between Irish and U.S. tax residency rules", the report said.
352
On May 21, 2013, Apple CEO
Tim Cook
defended his company's tax tactics at a Senate hearing.
353
Apple says that it is the single largest taxpayer in the US, with an
effective tax rate
of approximately of 26% as of Q2
FY
2016.
354
In an interview with the German newspaper
FAZ
in October 2017, Tim Cook stated that Apple was the biggest taxpayer worldwide.
355
In 2016, after
a two-year investigation
, the European Commission claimed that Apple's use of a hybrid
Double Irish tax arrangement
constituted "illegal state aid" from Ireland, and ordered Apple to pay €13 billion ($14.5 billion) in unpaid taxes, the largest corporate tax fine in history. This was later annulled, after the
European General Court
ruled that the commission had provided insufficient evidence.
356
357
In 2018, Apple repatriated $285 billion to the United States, resulting in a $38-billion tax payment spread over the following eight years.
358
Apple's effective tax rate in %
266
267
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
28
30
25
26
28
26
29
30
30
31.8
24.4
24.2
25.2
26.2
26.1
26.4
25.6
24.6
18.3
15.9
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
14.4
13.3
16.2
14.7
24.1
15.6
Charity
Apple is a partner of
Product Red
, a fundraising campaign for
AIDS
charity. In November 2014, Apple arranged for all
App Store
revenue in a two-week period to go to the fundraiser,
359
generating more than US$20 million,
360
and in March 2017, it released an
iPhone 7
with a red color finish.
361
As of 2021
[update]
, Apple has donated over $250 million to Product Red.
362
Apple contributes financially to fundraisers in times of natural disasters. In November 2012, it donated $2.5 million to the
American Red Cross
to aid relief efforts after
Hurricane Sandy
363
and in 2017 it donated $5 million to relief efforts for both
Hurricane Irma
and
Hurricane Harvey
364
and for the
2017 Central Mexico earthquake
365
The company has used its
iTunes
platform to encourage donations in the wake of environmental disasters and humanitarian crises, such as the
2010 Haiti earthquake
366
the
2011 Japan earthquake
367
Typhoon Haiyan
in the Philippines in November 2013,
368
and the
2015 European migrant crisis
369
Apple emphasizes that it does not incur any processing or other fees for iTunes donations, sending 100% of the payments directly to relief efforts, though it also acknowledges that the Red Cross does not receive any personal information on the users donating and that the payments may not be tax deductible.
370
On April 14, 2016, Apple and the
World Wide Fund for Nature
(WWF) announced that they have engaged in a partnership to, "help protect life on our planet". Apple released a special page in the
iTunes App Store
, Apps for Earth. In the arrangement, Apple has committed that through April 24, WWF will receive 100% of the proceeds from the applications participating in the App Store via both the purchases of any paid apps and the In-App Purchases. Apple and WWF's Apps for Earth campaign raised more than $8 million in total proceeds to support WWF's conservation work. WWF announced the results at WWDC 2016 in San Francisco.
371
During the
COVID-19 pandemic
, Apple's CEO Cook announced that the company would be donating "millions" of masks to health workers in the United States and Europe.
372
On January 13, 2021, Apple announced a $100-million Racial Equity and Justice Initiative to help combat
institutional racism
worldwide after the 2020
murder of George Floyd
373
374
375
In June 2023, Apple announced that it was doubling this and then distributed more than $200 million to support organizations focused on education, economic growth, and criminal justice. Half is philanthropic grants and half is centered on equity.
373
Environment
Main article:
Environmental impact of Apple Inc.
Apple Energy
Apple Energy, LLC is a wholly owned subsidiary of Apple that sells
solar energy
. As of June 6, 2016
[update]
, Apple's solar farms in California and Nevada have been declared to provide 217.9 megawatts of solar generation capacity.
376
Apple has received regulatory approval to construct a
landfill gas energy plant
in
North Carolina
to use the
methane emissions
to generate electricity.
377
Apple's North Carolina data center is already powered entirely by renewable sources.
378
Energy and resources
In 2010,
Climate Counts
, a nonprofit organization dedicated to directing consumers toward the greenest companies, gave Apple a score of 52 points out of a possible 100, which puts Apple in its top category "Striding".
379
This was an increase from May 2008, when Climate Counts only gave Apple 11 points out of 100, which placed the company last among electronics companies, at which time Climate Counts also labeled Apple with a "stuck icon", adding that Apple at the time was "a choice to avoid for the climate-conscious consumer".
380
Following a
Greenpeace
protest, Apple released a statement on April 17, 2012, committing to ending its use of coal and shifting to 100% renewable clean energy.
381
382
By 2013, Apple was using
100% renewable energy
to power its
data centers
. Overall, 75% of the company's power came from clean renewable sources.
383
In May 2015, Greenpeace evaluated the state of the Green Internet and commended Apple on its environmental practices saying, "Apple's commitment to renewable energy has helped set a new bar for the industry, illustrating in very concrete terms that a 100% renewable Internet is within its reach, and providing several models of intervention for other companies that want to build a sustainable Internet."
384
As of 2016
[update]
, Apple states that 100% of its US operations run on
renewable energy
, 100% of Apple's data centers run on renewable energy and 93% of Apple's global operations run on renewable energy.
385
However, the facilities are connected to the local
grid
which usually contains a mix of fossil and renewable sources, so Apple uses
carbon offsets
for its electricity use.
386
The
Electronic Product Environmental Assessment Tool
(EPEAT) allows consumers to see the effect a product has on the environment. Each product receives a Gold, Silver, or Bronze rank depending on its efficiency and sustainability. Every Apple
tablet
notebook
desktop computer
, and
display
that EPEAT ranks achieves a Gold rating, the highest possible. Although Apple's data centers recycle water 35 times,
387
the increased activity in retail, corporate and data centers also increase the amount of water use to 573 million US gal (2.2 million m
) in 2015.
388
During an event on March 21, 2016, Apple provided a status update on its environmental initiative to be 100% renewable in all of its worldwide operations.
Lisa P. Jackson
, Apple's vice president of Environment, Policy and Social Initiatives who reports directly to CEO, Tim Cook, announced that as of March 2016
[update]
, 93% of Apple's worldwide operations are powered with renewable energy. Also featured was the company's efforts to use sustainable paper in its product packaging; 99% of all paper used by Apple in the product packaging comes from
post-consumer
recycled
paper or sustainably managed forests, as the company continues its move to all paper packaging for all of its products.
389
Apple announced on August 16, 2016, that Lens Technology, one of its major suppliers in China, has committed to power all its
glass production
for Apple with 100 percent renewable energy by 2018. The commitment was a large step in Apple's efforts to help manufacturers lower their carbon footprint in China.
390
Apple also announced that all 14 of its final assembly sites in China are now compliant with
UL
's Zero Waste to Landfill validation. The standard, which started in January 2015, certifies that all manufacturing waste is
reused
recycled
composted
, or converted into energy (when necessary). Since the program began, nearly 140,000 metric tons of waste have been diverted from
landfills
391
On July 21, 2020, Apple announced its plan to become
carbon neutral
across its entire business, manufacturing supply chain, and product life cycle by 2030. In the next 10 years, Apple will try to lower emissions with a series of innovative actions, including: low carbon product design, expanding energy efficiency, renewable energy, process and material innovations, and carbon removal.
392
In June 2024, the
United States Environmental Protection Agency
(EPA) published a report about an electronic computer manufacturing facility leased by Apple in 2015 in
Santa Clara, California
, code named Aria.
393
394
The EPA report stated that Apple was potentially in violation of federal regulations under the
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act
(RCRA).
393
According to a report from
Bloomberg
in 2018, the facility is used to develop
microLED
screens under the code name T159.
395
393
396
The inspection found that Apple was potentially mistreating waste as only subject to
California
regulations and that it had potentially miscalculated the effectiveness of Apple's
activated carbon
filters, which filter
volatile organic compounds
(VOCs) from the air. The EPA inspected the facility in August 2023 due to a tip from a former Apple employee who posted the report on
393
Toxins
Following further campaigns by Greenpeace,
397
in 2008, Apple became the first electronics manufacturer to eliminate all
polyvinyl chloride
(PVC) and
brominated flame retardants
(BFRs) in its complete product line.
398
In June 2007, Apple began replacing the
cold cathode
fluorescent lamp (CCFL) backlit
LCDs
in its computers with
mercury
-free
LED-backlit LCD
and
arsenic
-free glass, starting with the upgraded
MacBook Pro
399
400
401
402
Apple offers comprehensive and transparent information about the
CO
emissions
, materials, and
electrical usage
concerning every product it currently produces or has sold in the past (and which it has enough data needed to produce the report), in its portfolio on its homepage. Allowing consumers to make informed purchasing decisions on the products it offers for sale.
403
In June 2009, Apple's
iPhone 3GS
was free of PVC, arsenic, and BFRs.
399
404
Since 2009, all Apple products have mercury-free LED-backlit LCDs, arsenic-free glass, and non-PVC cables.
405
All Apple products have EPEAT Gold status and beat the latest Energy Star guidelines in each product's respective regulatory category.
399
406
In November 2011, Apple was featured in Greenpeace's Guide to Greener Electronics, which ranks electronics manufacturers on sustainability,
climate and energy
policy, and how "green" its products are. The company ranked fourth of fifteen electronics companies (moving up five places from the previous year) with a score of 4.6/10.
407
Greenpeace praised Apple's
sustainability
, noting that the company exceeded its 70% global recycling goal in 2010. Apple continues to score well on product ratings, with all of its products now being free of PVC plastic and BFRs. However, the guide criticized Apple on the Energy criteria for not seeking external verification of its greenhouse gas emissions data, and for not setting any targets to reduce emissions.
408
In January 2012, Apple requested that its cable maker, Volex, begin producing
halogen-free
USB
and power cables.
409
Green bonds
In February 2016, Apple issued a
US$1.5
-billion
green bond
(climate bond), the first ever of its kind by a US tech company. The green bond proceeds are dedicated to the financing of environmental projects.
403
410
Supply chain
Main article:
Apple supply chain
See also:
List of Apple Inc. suppliers
As of 2018
[update]
, Apple used hardware components from 43 different countries.
411
Apple products were made in the United States in Apple-owned factories until the late 1990s; however, as a result of
outsourcing
initiatives in the 2000s, almost all of its manufacturing is now handled abroad. According to a report by
The New York Times
, Apple insiders "believe the vast scale of overseas factories, as well as the flexibility, diligence and industrial skills of foreign workers, have so outpaced their American counterparts that '
Made in the U.S.A.
' is no longer a viable option for most Apple products".
412
South Korean firms, including
Samsung
and
LG
, worked closely with Apple as parts partners for the
iMac
iPod
, and
iPhone
before it increased its reliance on Taiwan and China.
413
: 74–232
Taiwanese Apple suppliers such as
Foxconn
Wistron
Pegatron
Quanta
, and
Compal Electronics
established a sizable manufacturing presence in China.
414
By the 2020s, orders were shifting to Chinese firms such as to
Luxshare
BYD Electronic
Goertek
, and
Wingtech
. By 2021, Apple had more suppliers from China than Taiwan.
413
: 337
In March 2017,
The Wall Street Journal
reported that Apple would begin manufacturing
iPhone models
in India "over the next two months",
415
and in May, the
Journal
wrote that an Apple manufacturer had begun production of
iPhone SE
in the country,
416
In May 2017, the company announced a $1-billion funding project for "advanced manufacturing" in the United States,
417
418
In April 2019, Apple initiated manufacturing of
iPhone 7
at its
Bengaluru
facility.
419
The company's manufacturing, procurement, and logistics enable it to execute massive product launches without having to maintain large, profit-sapping inventories. In 2011, Apple's profit margins were 40 percent, compared with between 10 and 20 percent for most other hardware companies. Cook's catchphrase to describe his focus on the company's operational arm is: "Nobody wants to buy sour milk."
420
421
Labor force
Main article:
Apple Inc. and unions
Apple directly employs 147,000 workers including 25,000 corporate employees in
Apple Park
and across Silicon Valley.
422
423
The vast majority of its employees work at the over 500 retail
Apple Stores
globally.
424
Apple relies on a larger, outsourced workforce for manufacturing, particularly in China where Apple directly employs 10,000 workers across its retail and corporate divisions. In addition, one further million workers are contracted by Apple's suppliers to assemble Apple products, including
Foxconn
and
Pegatron
425
Zhengzhou Technology Park
alone employs 350,000 Chinese workers in
Zhengzhou
to exclusively work on the
iPhone
426
Apple workers around the globe have been involved in
organizing
since the 1990s.
427
Apple unions are made up of retail, corporate, and outsourced workers. Apple employees have joined
trade unions
or formed
works councils
in
Australia
428
France
429
Germany
430
Italy
431
Japan
432
the
United Kingdom
433
and the
United States
434
In 2021,
Apple Together
, a
solidarity union
, sought to bring together the company's global worker organizations.
435
The majority of industrial
labor disputes
(including union recognition) involving Apple occur indirectly through
its suppliers and contractors
, notably
Foxconn
plants in
China
436
and, to a lesser extent, in
Brazil
437
and
India
438
Apple has been criticized for labor sourcing and conditions at the facilities of its contract manufacturers
439
440
441
as well as mines.
442
443
444
See also
List of Apple Inc. media events
Outline of Apple Inc.
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Bibliography
Carlton, Jim (1997).
Apple: The Inside Story of Untrigue, Egomania, and Business Blunders
. New York: Random House.
ISBN
978-0-8129-2851-8
Hertzfeld, Andy
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ISBN
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O'Grady, Jason D. (2009).
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Fire in the Valley: The Birth and Death of the Personal Computer
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Wozniak, Steve
Smith, Gina
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ISBN
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Further reading
Amelio, Gil
; Simon, William L. (1999).
On the Firing Line: My 500 Days at Apple
. New York: Harper Business.
ISBN
978-0-88730-919-9
Carlton, Jim (1998).
Apple: The Inside Story of Intrigue, Egomania and Business Blunders
(Revised ed.). Random House Business Books.
ISBN
978-0-88730-965-6
Deutschman, Alan (2000).
The Second Coming of Steve Jobs
. Broadway Books.
ISBN
978-0-7679-0432-2
Kunkel, Paul (1997).
AppleDesign: The Work of the Apple Industrial Design Group
. Graphis Incorporated.
ISBN
978-1-888001-25-9
Lashinsky, Adam (2013).
Inside Apple: How America's Most Admired—and Secretive—Company Really Works
. Grand Central.
ISBN
978-1-4555-1216-4
Levy, Steven
(2000) [1994].
Insanely Great: The Life and Times of Macintosh, the Computer That Changed Everything
. New York: Penguin Books.
ISBN
978-0-14-029177-3
Pogue, David
(2026).
Apple: The First 50 Years
(First hardcover ed.). New York: Simon & Schuster.
ISBN
978-1982134594
OCLC
1530737212
. Retrieved
March 28,
2026
Polsson, Ken.
"Chronology of Events in the History of Microcomputers"
. Archived from
the original
on June 2, 2008
. Retrieved
August 18,
2008
Price, Rob (1987).
So Far: The First Ten Years of a Vision
. Apple Computer.
ISBN
978-1-55693-974-7
Rose, Frank (1990).
West of Eden: The End of Innocence at Apple Computer
. Penguin Books.
ISBN
978-0-14-009372-8
Sculley, John
; Byrne, John A. (1990) [October 1, 1987].
Odyssey: Pepsi to Apple ... A Journey of Adventure, Ideas and the Future
. Diane Pub. Co.
ISBN
978-0-7881-6949-6
Young, Jeffrey S. (1988).
Steve Jobs: The Journey Is the Reward
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ISBN
978-1-55802-378-9
Young, Jeffrey S.; Simon, William L. (2005).
iCon Steve Jobs: The Greatest Second Act in the History of Business
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ISBN
978-0-471-72083-6
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employees
Katherine L. Adams
Tim Cook
Eddy Cue
Chris Espinosa
Craig Federighi
Dominic Giampaolo
Greg Joswiak
Luca Maestri
Bob Mansfield
Phil Schiller
Johny Srouji
John Ternus
Bud Tribble
Steve Wozniak
Former
employees
Gil Amelio
Angela Ahrendts
Fred D. Anderson
Bill Atkinson
Susan Barnes
Chrisann Brennan
Steve Capps
Satjiv S. Chahil
George Crow
Tony Fadell
Bill Fernandez
Scott Forstall
Jean-Louis Gassée
Ellen Hancock
Nancy R. Heinen
Andy Hertzfeld
Joanna Hoffman
Rod Holt
Bruce Horn
Jony Ive
Steve Jobs
Ron Johnson
Susan Kare
Guy Kawasaki
Alan Kay
Daniel Kottke
Chris Lattner
Guerrino De Luca
Mike Markkula
David Nagel
Ike Nassi
Don Norman
Peter Oppenheimer
Rich Page
Mark Papermaster
Jef Raskin
Jon Rubinstein
Michael Scott
John Sculley
Bertrand Serlet
Bruce Sewell
Burrell Smith
Michael Spindler
Sina Tamaddon
Larry Tesler
Avie Tevanian
Ronald Wayne
Del Yocam
John Giannandrea
Lisa P. Jackson
Dan Riccio
Jeff Williams
Software by
Apple
Operating
systems
Apple DOS
Apple III (SOS)
Classic Mac OS
Darwin
iOS
iPadOS
GS/OS
Lisa OS
macOS
(OS X)
MacWorks XL
ProDOS
tvOS
visionOS
watchOS
Consumer
Bento
Clips
Final Cut Express
Front Row
GarageBand
iCloud
iDVD
iLife
iMovie
iTunes
iWork
Keynote
Pages
Numbers
iPhoto
Logic Express
Photomator
Pixelmator
Classic
Pro
Professional
Aperture
Apple Media Tool
Apple Qmaster
Color
DVD Studio Pro
FileMaker
Final Cut Pro
Motion
Compressor
Final Cut Studio
Cinema Tools
Logic Studio
Logic Pro
MacProject
MacTerminal
MainStage
Shake
Soundtrack Pro
Creator Studio
Final Cut Pro
Motion
Compressor
Logic Pro
MainStage
Pixelmator Pro
Keynote
Pages
Numbers
Freeform
Education
Classroom
Bundled
AppleWorks
Books
Calendar
Contacts
Mail
Messages
FaceTime
MacDraw
MacPaint
MacWrite
Music
Passwords
Photo Booth
Photos
Podcasts
Safari
TextEdit
Server
Apple Remote Desktop
FoundationDB
macOS Server
WebObjects
Xgrid
Xsan
Developer
HyperCard
iBooks Author
Instruments
Interface Builder
Quartz Composer
ResEdit
Swift
Xcode
Internet
.Mac
Dashcode
iAd Producer
iChat
iWeb
MobileMe
on
Windows
AirPort Utility
AppleWorks
Bonjour
Boot Camp
iCloud
iTunes
MobileMe
QuickTime
Software Update
List of Apple II application software
List of Mac software
List of Classic Mac OS software
Steve Jobs
Career
Timeline
Apple Computer
history
Macintosh
NeXT
Pixar
Return to Apple
Thoughts on Flash
Legacy
Depictions
Honors and public recognition
Books
about
The Little Kingdom
(1984)
The Second Coming of Steve Jobs
(2000)
iCon
(2005)
Steve Jobs
(2011)
The Bite in the Apple
(2013)
Becoming Steve Jobs
(2015)
Designed by Apple in California
(2016)
Small Fry
(2018)
Make Something Wonderful
(2023)
Films
about
Triumph of the Nerds
(1996)
Pirates of Silicon Valley
(1999)
Steve Jobs: The Lost Interview
(2012)
ISteve
(2013)
Jobs
(2013)
Steve Jobs
(2015)
Steve Jobs: The Man in the Machine
(2015)
Family
Laurene Powell Jobs
(wife)
Mona Simpson
(sister)
Chrisann Brennan
(mother of his first child)
Lisa Brennan-Jobs
(daughter)
Eve Jobs
(daughter)
Reed Jobs
(son)
Related
Stevenote
Reality distortion field
Jackling House
The (R)evolution of Steve Jobs
Seva Foundation
The Son of a Migrant from Syria
(2015 mural)
Venus
yacht
1984
commercial
Think different
Steve Wozniak
Companies of the
Nasdaq-100
index
Adobe
ADP
AMD
Airbnb
Alnylam Pharmaceuticals
Alphabet
Amazon
AEP
Amgen
Analog Devices
Apple
Applied Materials
AppLovin
Arm
ASML
Atlassian
Autodesk
Axon
Baker Hughes
Booking Holdings
Broadcom
Cadence
Charter Communications
Cintas
Cisco
Coca-Cola Europacific Partners
Cognizant
Comcast
Constellation Energy
Copart
CoStar
Costco
CrowdStrike
CSX
Datadog
Dexcom
Diamondback Energy
DoorDash
Electronic Arts
Exelon
Fastenal
Ferrovial
Fortinet
GE HealthCare
Gilead
Honeywell
Idexx Laboratories
Insmed
Intel
Intuit
Intuitive Surgical
Keurig Dr Pepper
KLA
Kraft Heinz
Lam Research
Linde
Marriott International
Marvell
Mercado Libre
Meta
Microchip
Micron
Microsoft
MicroStrategy
Mondelez International
Monolithic Power Systems
Monster Beverage
Netflix
Nvidia
NXP
O'Reilly Auto Parts
Old Dominion
Paccar
Palantir
Palo Alto Networks
Paychex
PayPal
PDD Holdings
PepsiCo
Qualcomm
Regeneron
Roper Technologies
Ross Stores
Seagate Technology
Shopify
Starbucks
Synopsys
Take-Two Interactive
T-Mobile US
Tesla
Texas Instruments
Thomson Reuters
Verisk
Vertex
Walmart
Warner Bros. Discovery
Western Digital
Workday
Xcel Energy
Zscaler
Components of the
Dow Jones Industrial Average
3M
Amazon
American Express
Amgen
Apple
Boeing
Caterpillar
Chevron
Cisco
Coca-Cola
Disney
Goldman Sachs
Home Depot
Honeywell
IBM
Johnson & Johnson
JPMorgan Chase
McDonald's
Merck
Microsoft
Nike
Nvidia
Procter & Gamble
Salesforce
Sherwin-Williams
Travelers
UnitedHealth
Verizon
Visa
Walmart
S&P 500 companies
Energy
APA Corporation
Baker Hughes
Chevron Corporation
ConocoPhillips
Coterra
Devon Energy
Diamondback Energy
EOG Resources
EQT Corporation
Expand Energy
ExxonMobil
Halliburton
Kinder Morgan
Marathon Petroleum
Occidental Petroleum
Oneok
Phillips 66
SLB
Targa Resources
Texas Pacific Land Corporation
Valero Energy
Williams Companies
Materials
Air Products
Albemarle Corporation
Amcor
Avery Dennison
Ball Corporation
CF Industries
Corteva
CRH plc
Dow Chemical Company
DuPont
Ecolab
Freeport-McMoRan
International Flavors & Fragrances
International Paper
Linde plc
LyondellBasell
Martin Marietta Materials
Newmont
Nucor
Packaging Corporation of America
PPG Industries
Sherwin-Williams
Smurfit Westrock
Steel Dynamics
Vulcan Materials Company
Industrials
3M
A. O. Smith
Allegion
Ametek
Automatic Data Processing
Axon Enterprise
Boeing
Broadridge Financial Solutions
Builders FirstSource
C.H. Robinson
Carrier Global
Caterpillar Inc.
Cintas
Comfort Systems USA
Copart
CSX Corporation
Cummins
Deere & Company
Delta Air Lines
Dover Corporation
Eaton Corporation
Emcor
Emerson Electric
Equifax
Expeditors International
Fastenal
FedEx
Fortive
GE Aerospace
GE Vernova
Generac
General Dynamics
Honeywell
Howmet Aerospace
Hubbell Incorporated
Huntington Ingalls Industries
IDEX Corporation
Illinois Tool Works
Ingersoll Rand
J. B. Hunt
Jacobs Solutions
Johnson Controls
L3Harris
Leidos
Lennox International
Lockheed Martin
Masco
Nordson Corporation
Norfolk Southern Railway
Northrop Grumman
Old Dominion Freight Line
Otis Worldwide
Paccar
Parker Hannifin
Paychex
Pentair
Quanta Services
RTX Corporation
Republic Services
Rockwell Automation
Rollins, Inc.
Snap-on
Southwest Airlines
Stanley Black & Decker
Textron
Trane Technologies
TransDigm Group
Uber
Union Pacific Corporation
United Airlines
United Parcel Service
United Rentals
Veralto
Verisk Analytics
Vertiv
W. W. Grainger
Wabtec
Waste Management, Inc.
Xylem Inc.
Consumer
discretionary
Airbnb
Amazon
Aptiv
AutoZone
Best Buy
Booking Holdings
Carnival
Carvana
Chipotle Mexican Grill
Darden Restaurants
Deckers Brands
Domino's
DoorDash
D. R. Horton
eBay
Expedia Group
Ford Motor Company
Garmin
General Motors
Genuine Parts Company
Hasbro
Hilton Worldwide
Home Depot
Las Vegas Sands
Lennar
Lowe's
Lululemon
Marriott International
McDonald's
MGM Resorts International
Nike, Inc.
Norwegian Cruise Line Holdings
NVR, Inc.
O'Reilly Auto Parts
Pool Corporation
PulteGroup
Ralph Lauren Corporation
Ross Stores
Royal Caribbean Group
Starbucks
Tapestry, Inc.
Tesla, Inc.
TJX
Tractor Supply Company
Ulta Beauty
Williams-Sonoma, Inc.
Wynn Resorts
Yum! Brands
Consumer
staples
Altria
Archer Daniels Midland
Brown-Forman
Bunge Global
Campbell's
Casey's
Church & Dwight
Clorox
The Coca-Cola Company
Colgate-Palmolive
Conagra Brands
Constellation Brands
Costco
Dollar General
Dollar Tree
Estée Lauder Companies
General Mills
The Hershey Company
Hormel Foods
Kenvue
Keurig Dr Pepper
Kimberly-Clark
Kraft Heinz
Kroger
McCormick & Company
Molson Coors
Mondelez International
Monster Beverage
PepsiCo
Philip Morris International
Procter & Gamble
The J.M. Smucker Company
Sysco
Target Corporation
Tyson Foods
Walmart
Health Care
Abbott Laboratories
AbbVie
Agilent Technologies
Align Technology
Amgen
Baxter International
Becton Dickinson
Bio-Techne
Biogen
Boston Scientific
Bristol Myers Squibb
Cardinal Health
Cencora
Centene Corporation
Charles River Laboratories
The Cigna Group
Cooper Companies
CVS Health
Danaher Corporation
DaVita
Dexcom
Edwards Lifesciences
Elevance Health
GE HealthCare
Gilead Sciences
HCA Healthcare
Henry Schein
Humana
Idexx Laboratories
Incyte
Insulet Corporation
Intuitive Surgical
IQVIA
Johnson & Johnson
Labcorp
Eli Lilly and Company
McKesson Corporation
Medtronic
Merck & Co.
Mettler Toledo
Moderna
Pfizer
Quest Diagnostics
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals
ResMed
Revvity
Solventum
Steris
Stryker Corporation
Thermo Fisher Scientific
UnitedHealth Group
Universal Health Services
Vertex Pharmaceuticals
Viatris
Waters Corporation
West Pharmaceutical Services
Zimmer Biomet
Zoetis
Financials
Aflac
Allstate
American Express
American International Group
Ameriprise Financial
Aon
Apollo Global Management
Arch Capital Group
Ares Management
Arthur J. Gallagher & Co.
Assurant
Bank of America
Berkshire Hathaway
BlackRock
Blackstone Inc.
Block, Inc.
BNY
Brown & Brown
Capital One
Cboe Global Markets
Charles Schwab Corporation
Chubb Limited
Cincinnati Financial
Citigroup
Citizens Financial Group
CME Group
Coinbase
Corpay
Erie Indemnity
Everest Group
FactSet
FIS
Fifth Third Bank
Fiserv
Franklin Resources
Global Payments
Globe Life
Goldman Sachs
The Hartford
Huntington Bancshares
Interactive Brokers
Intercontinental Exchange
Invesco
Jack Henry & Associates
JPMorgan Chase
KeyBank
KKR & Co.
Loews Corporation
M&T Bank
Marsh McLennan
Mastercard
MetLife
Moody's Corporation
Morgan Stanley
MSCI
Nasdaq, Inc.
Northern Trust
PayPal
PNC Financial Services
Principal Financial Group
Progressive Corporation
Prudential Financial
Raymond James Financial
Regions Financial Corporation
Robinhood Markets
S&P Global
State Street Corporation
Synchrony Financial
T. Rowe Price
The Travelers Companies
Truist
U.S. Bancorp
Visa Inc.
W. R. Berkley Corporation
Wells Fargo
Willis Towers Watson
Information
technology
Accenture
Adobe Inc.
Akamai Technologies
AMD
Amphenol
Analog Devices
Apple Inc.
Applied Materials
AppLovin
Arista Networks
Autodesk
Broadcom
Cadence Design Systems
CDW
Ciena
Cisco
Cognizant
Coherent Corp.
Corning Inc.
CrowdStrike
Datadog
Dell Technologies
EPAM Systems
F5, Inc.
FICO
First Solar
Fortinet
Gartner
Gen Digital
GoDaddy
Hewlett Packard Enterprise
HP Inc.
IBM
Intel
Intuit
Jabil
Keysight
KLA Corporation
Lam Research
Lumentum
Microchip Technology
Micron Technology
Microsoft
Monolithic Power Systems
Motorola Solutions
NetApp
Nvidia
NXP Semiconductors
onsemi
Oracle Corporation
Palantir
Palo Alto Networks
PTC Inc.
Qualcomm
Qnity Electronics
Roper Technologies
Salesforce
Sandisk
Seagate Technology
ServiceNow
Skyworks Solutions
Supermicro
Synopsys
TE Connectivity
Teledyne Technologies
Teradyne
Texas Instruments
Trimble Inc.
Tyler Technologies
Verisign
Western Digital
Workday, Inc.
Zebra Technologies
Communication
services
Alphabet Inc.
AT&T
Charter Communications
Comcast
EchoStar
Electronic Arts
Fox Corporation
Live Nation Entertainment
Meta Platforms
Netflix
News Corp
Omnicom Group
Paramount Skydance
T-Mobile
Take-Two Interactive
TKO Group Holdings
The Trade Desk
Verizon
The Walt Disney Company
Warner Bros. Discovery
Real estate
Alexandria Real Estate Equities
American Tower
AvalonBay Communities
BXP, Inc.
Camden Property Trust
CBRE Group
CoStar Group
Crown Castle
Digital Realty
Equinix
Equity Residential
Essex Property Trust
Extra Space Storage
Federal Realty Investment Trust
Healthpeak Properties
Host Hotels & Resorts
Invitation Homes
Iron Mountain
Kimco Realty
Mid-America Apartment Communities
Prologis
Public Storage
Realty Income
Regency Centers
SBA Communications
Simon Property Group
UDR, Inc.
Ventas
Vici Properties
Welltower
Weyerhaeuser
Utilities
AES Corporation
Alliant Energy
Ameren
American Electric Power
American Water Works
Atmos Energy
CenterPoint Energy
CMS Energy
Consolidated Edison
Constellation Energy
Dominion Energy
DTE Energy
Duke Energy
Edison International
Entergy
Evergy
Eversource Energy
Exelon
FirstEnergy
NextEra Energy
NiSource
NRG Energy
Pacific Gas and Electric Company
Pinnacle West Capital
PPL Corporation
Public Service Enterprise Group
Sempra
Southern Company
Vistra Corp.
WEC Energy Group
Xcel Energy
Electronics industry in the United States
Companies
Home appliances
Apple
Beats
Bose
Cisco
Corsair
Dell
Alienware
Element Electronics
Emerson Radio
GE Appliances
Harman
Honeywell
HP
InFocus
Jensen Electronics
Kenmore
Kingston
Kimball
Koss
Lexmark
Logitech
Magnavox
Memorex
Microsoft
Monster
Plantronics
Planar Systems
Razer
Sandisk
Seagate
Skullcandy
Sony
Tsinghua Tongfang
Seiki Digital
Westinghouse Electronics
Turtle Beach
ViewSonic
Vizio
Western Digital
Westinghouse Electric Company
Xerox
Marantz
Electronic components
3M
Achronix
Analog Devices
Maxim Integrated
Amphenol
Applied Materials
Altera
AVX
Cirque
Diodes Inc.
Duracell
Energizer
Flex
Jabil
KEMET
Maxwell Technologies
Sanmina
Vishay
Semiconductor devices
AMD
Ampere Computing
Apple
Broadcom
Cypress Semiconductor
GlobalFoundries
IBM
Intel
Interlink
KLA Corporation
Lam Research
Lattice
Marvell Technology
Microchip
Atmel
Micron
NetApp
Nimbus Data
Nvidia
Mellanox
NXP
onsemi
Qualcomm
Silicon Image
Synaptics
Texas Instruments
Xilinx
Zilog
Mobile devices
Amazon
Apple
BLU
Google
Lenovo
Motorola Mobility
Other
Cadence Design Systems
Hewlett Packard Enterprise
Cray
GE
RCA
Motorola Solutions
Oracle Corporation
Roku
Synopsys
Defunct
Actel
Atari Corporation
Atari, Inc.
Broadcom Corporation
Commodore
Compaq
Fairchild
Freescale
Hewlett-Packard
HGST
LSI
Microsemi
Motorola
National Semiconductor
NeXT
Palm
Philco
RCA
Signetics
Silicon Graphics
Solectron
Tabula
Sun Microsystems
Zenith Electronics
Major
personal computer
server
, and
mainframe
hardware companies
Companies with annual revenue of over US$3 billion
Personal
computers
and
servers
Acer
Apple
Asus
Dell
Fujitsu
Huawei
HP
Lenovo
LG
Microsoft
MSI
NEC
Panasonic
Razer
Samsung
Sharp
Dynabook
Vaio
Servers only
Cisco
EMC
HPE
IBM
Inspur
NetApp
Oracle
Mainframes
Fujitsu
HPE
IBM
See also
Largest IT companies
Computer hardware manufacturers
Home computer hardware companies
Server hardware
Mainframe computers
Major
financial technology
companies
Companies with an annual revenue of over US$1 billion
Block
Euronet Worldwide
FIS
Fiserv
Jack Henry
PayPal
SWIFT
Major
imaging
companies
Companies with an annual revenue of over US$3 billion
Apple
Canon
Epson
Fujifilm
Hikvision
HP
Kodak
Konica Minolta
Kyocera
Nikon
Oki Electric Industry
Olympus
Panasonic
Ricoh
Pentax
Samsung
Sharp
Sony
Toshiba
Xerox
Lexmark
Major
Internet
companies
Companies with an annual revenue of over US$4 billion
Internet
Adobe
Alibaba
Alphabet
Google
Amazon
Apple
Baidu
IAC
Kakao
Meituan
Meta
Microsoft
Naver
NetEase
Tencent
Yandex
Cloud computing
Akamai
Alibaba Cloud
AWS
Apple iCloud
Google
IBM
Microsoft Azure
Oracle Corporation
Salesforce
SAP
ServiceNow
E-commerce
Amazon.com
Apple
Booking Holdings
Coupang
eBay
Expedia
Flipkart
Groupon
JD.com
Lazada
Mercado Libre
Ozon
PDD Holdings
Rakuten
Shopee
Shopify
Suning.com
Trip.com
Uber
Wayfair
Wildberries
Zalando
Media
Bloomberg
BuzzFeed
ByteDance
Disney Streaming
Kuaishou
Netflix
Paramount Streaming
Spotify
Warner Bros. Discovery
Major
information storage
companies
Companies with an annual revenue of over US$3 billion
ADATA
Amazon
Apple
Dell
Dell EMC
Fujitsu
Google
Hitachi Data Systems
Hewlett Packard Enterprise
IBM
Kingston Technology
Kioxia
Microsoft
NetApp
Oracle
Plextor
Samsung
Seagate
Silicon Power
Sony
Transcend Information
Western Digital
Major
mobile device
companies
Companies with an annual revenue of over US$3 billion
Acer
Advan
Alba
Amazon
Apple
Asus
BlackBerry Limited
BLU Products
Bush
Dell
Alienware
Foxconn
FIH Mobile
Sharp
Dynabook
Fujitsu
Gionee
Google
Fitbit
Haier
Hisense
HMD
Nokia
Honor
HP
HTC
Huawei
Intel
Kyocera
Lenovo
Motorola Mobility
LG
Meizu
Microsoft
Lumia
Nubia
Onyx Boox
Oppo
OnePlus
Realme
Panasonic
Pegatron
Samsung
Sony
TCL
Alcatel Mobile
BlackBerry Mobile
Palm
RCA
Toshiba
Transsion
Infinix
Itel
Tecno
Tinno Mobile
Wiko
True
Vaio
VinSmart
Vivo
iQOO
Xiaomi
POCO
Redmi
ZTE
See also
Largest IT companies
Category:Mobile technology companies
Category:Mobile phone manufacturers
Major
semiconductor companies
Note = "major" equates to companies with an annual revenue of over US$3 billion, past or present
IDM
Analog Devices
Fujitsu
Infineon
Intel
Kioxia
Microchip
Micron
NXP
onsemi
Qorvo
Renesas
Samsung
SK Hynix
STMicroelectronics
Texas Instruments
Fabless
AMD
Apple
Arm
Broadcom
Marvell
MediaTek
Nvidia
Qualcomm
Skyworks Solutions
Foundry
GlobalFoundries
Samsung Foundry
SMIC
TSMC
UMC
OSAT
Amkor Technology
ASE
JCET
Teradyne
Equipment
Applied Materials
ASML
KLA
Lam Research
Tokyo Electron
Software
Cadence
Synopsys
Major
software
companies
Companies with annual software revenue of over US$3 billion
Adobe
Amadeus IT Group
Amazon
Apple
Autodesk
Citrix
FIS
Google
HPE
IBM
Intuit
Infor
Microsoft
Oracle
Quest Software
Sage Group
SAP
SAS Institute
Tencent
See also
Largest IT companies
Largest software companies
Category:Software companies
Major
retail
companies
Companies with global retail sales of over US$25 billion (
according to
Kantar Group
, in order of decreasing revenue)
Walmart
Amazon
(incl.
Whole Foods Market
Costco
Schwarz Gruppe
(incl.
Lidl
and
Kaufland
Kroger
Walgreens Boots Alliance
The Home Depot
Aldi
JD.com
Carrefour
Seven & i
CVS Pharmacy
Tesco
Target Corporation
Ahold Delhaize
AEON
Lowe's
Albertsons
Alibaba Group
Apple
Edeka
Auchan
IKEA
Groupe Casino
REWE Group
E.Leclerc
Intermarché
Suning.com
Woolworths Group
Best Buy
Publix
FamilyMart
Metro AG
A.S. Watson
TJX Companies
Sainsbury's
Loblaw Companies
China Resources Enterprise
Mercadona
H-E-B
Dollar General
X5 Group
(incl.
Pyaterochka
and
Perekrestok
Coopérative U
Coles Group
Dairy Farm
Adeo
Ceconomy
(incl.
MediaMarkt
Dollar Tree
Coop Schweiz
Lawson
Cable, satellite, and other specialty television providers (
multi-channel video programming distributors
) in the
United States
Cable
Altice USA
Optimum
Suddenlink Communications
Armstrong
Astound Broadband
Grande Communications
RCN Corporation
Wave Broadband
AT&T Alascom
Blue Ridge Communications
Adams Cable
Blue Stream
Breezeline
Broadstripe
Buckeye Broadband
Cable One
Hargray
Comcast Xfinity
Consolidated Communications
Cox Communications
Docomo Pacific
Emery Telcom
Full Channel
GCI
Mediacom
Midco
Liberty Puerto Rico
Satview Broadband
Service Electric
Shentel
Spectrum
SRT Communications
TDS Telecom
Troy Cablevision
TruVista Communications
Vyve Broadband
WOW!
Satellite
Claro Puerto Rico
Dish Network
DirecTV
Glorystar
Headend in the Sky
Fiber
IPTV
Altafiber
Hawaiian Telcom
Claro
Consolidated Communications
EPB
Frontier Fiber
GTA Teleguam
Midco
NEP Datastream TV
North State Communications
Sonic.net
TDS Telecom
Verizon Fios
Whidbey Telecom
Windstream Kinetic
Ziply Fiber
Virtual
MVPD
DirecTV Stream
Frndly TV
FuboTV
Hulu + Live TV
Philo
Sling TV
Spectrum TV Stream
Xfinity Flex
YouTube TV
Over-
the-top
VOD
A&E Networks
Crime Central
History Vault
Lifetime Movie Club
Amazon
Prime Video
MGM+
Freevee
ScreenPix
AMC Networks
Acorn TV
AMC+
Hidive
IFC Films Unlimited
Shudder
Sundance Now
Allblk
WE TV+
Angel Studios
Apple TV
BritBox
Brown Sugar
BroadwayHD
Cineverse
CONtv
Docurama
Dove Channel
Fandor
Screambox
The Criterion Channel
Curiosity Stream
CW Seed
Dekkoo
Disney
Disney+
Hulu
ESPN+
DOGTV
Dropout
Eros Now
Facebook Watch
FilmRise
Fox Corporation
Fox Nation
Tubi
Hallmark+
Here TV
Kino Lorber
MHz Choice
Kino Film Collection
Kocowa
Local Now
MUBI
Netflix
NBCUniversal
Peacock
Vudu
Xumo
NFL+
Paramount Global
BET+
Paramount+
Noggin
Pluto TV
Showtime
Racetrack Television Network
Redbox
Revry
Roku Channel
Sony
Crunchyroll
Samsung TV Plus
Shout! Factory TV
Starz
Stirr
Univision
Pantaya
Univision NOW
ViX
Tivo Stream 4k
Topic
UFC Fight Pass
Viaplay
Viki
ViX
Warner Bros. Discovery
Boomerang
Cinemax
Discovery+
Food Network Kitchen
HBO Max
Rooster Teeth
WOW Presents Plus
WWE Network
YuppTV
Defunct
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