Papers by Armando Valdés-Velásquez

Waterscapes meet socio‐ecological models: A relational framework to examine water insecurity and human health and well‐being

People and nature, Apr 3, 2024

Research paper thumbnail of Contrasting patterns of selection between<scp>MHC</scp>I and<scp>II</scp>across populations of Humboldt and Magellanic penguins

Ecology and Evolution, Sep 28, 2016

The evolutionary and adaptive potential of populations or species facing an emerging infectious d... more The evolutionary and adaptive potential of populations or species facing an emerging infectious disease depends on their genetic diversity in genes, such as the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). In birds, MHC class I deals predominantly with intracellular infections (e.g., viruses) and MHC class II with extracellular infections (e.g., bacteria). Therefore, patterns of MHC I and II diversity may differ between species and across populations of species depending on the relative effect of local and global environmental selective pressures, genetic drift, and gene flow. We hypothesize that high gene flow among populations of Humboldt and Magellanic penguins limits local adaptation in MHC I and MHC II, and signatures of selection differ between markers, locations, and species. We evaluated the MHC I and II diversity using 454 nextgeneration sequencing of 100 Humboldt and 75 Magellanic penguins from seven dif-| 7499 SALLABERRY-PINCHEIRA Et AL.

Research paper thumbnail of Reflections on the impact and response to the Peruvian 2017 Coastal El Niño event: Looking to the past to prepare for the future

Reflections on the impact and response to the Peruvian 2017 Coastal El Niño event: Looking to the past to prepare for the future

PLOS ONE

Climate-related phenomena in Peru have been slowly but continuously changing in recent years beyo... more Climate-related phenomena in Peru have been slowly but continuously changing in recent years beyond historical variability. These include sea surface temperature increases, irregular precipitation patterns and reduction of glacier-covered areas. In addition, climate scenarios show amplification in rainfall variability related to the warmer conditions associated with El Niño events. Extreme weather can affect human health, increase shocks and stresses to the health systems, and cause large economic losses. In this article, we study the characteristics of El Niño events in Peru, its health and economic impacts and we discuss government preparedness for this kind of event, identify gaps in response, and provide evidence to inform adequate planning for future events and mitigating impacts on highly vulnerable regions and populations. This is the first case study to review the impact of a Coastal El Niño event on Peru’s economy, public health, and governance. The 2017 event was the third...

The 2022 South America report of The Lancet Countdown on health and climate change: trust the science. Now that we know, we must act

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas

Adoption of sustainable low-impact fishing practices is not enough to secure sustainable livelihoods and social wellbeing in small-scale fishing communities

Marine Policy

El cambio climático en los Andes y la Amazonía: preguntas frecuentes, 2012

Que es el cambio climatico, como se produce, como nos afecta. Que es el conocimiento tradicional ... more Que es el cambio climatico, como se produce, como nos afecta. Que es el conocimiento tradicional y por que es importante. Que son los ecosistemas andino y amazonico y por que son importantes. Que respuestas tenemos para enfrentar al cambio climatico. Este documento ofrece de manera sencilla y breve las respuestas a estas y otras preguntas que constituyen conceptos claves del proyecto El clima cambia, cambia tu tambien, implementado por la Oficina Regional para America del Sur de la UICN y la Sociedad Peruana de Derecho Ambiental, gracias al apoyo de AECID.

Summary of selected publications

&lt;p&gt;Summary of selected publications.&lt;/p

Summary statistics of Humboldt penguins based on the 13 microsatellites: Sample size (n), mean number of alleles (N<sub>a</sub>), Shannon Index (I), expected (H<sub>e</sub>) and observed (H<sub>o</sub>) heterozygosity, inbreeding coefficient (<i>F</i><sub><i>IS</i></sub>), and mitochondrial DNA c...

&lt;p&gt;In bold, values that were significant for &lt;i&gt;Fs&lt;/i&gt; (p &lt; 0.02) and &lt;i&... more &lt;p&gt;In bold, values that were significant for &lt;i&gt;Fs&lt;/i&gt; (p &lt; 0.02) and &lt;i&gt;D&lt;/i&gt; (p &lt; 0.05). Population reference: CHI (Chiloé), PUP (Pupuya), ALG (Algarrobo), CAC (Cachagua), TIL (Tilgo), PAJ (Pajaros), CHO (Choros), CHA (Chañaral), GRA (Isla Grande), AZU (Pan de Azucar), PSJ (Punta San Juan).&lt;/p

Flowchart

&lt;p&gt;Flowchart of study selection process.&lt;/p

Factors relating to land use change

&lt;p&gt;Conceptualization process for determining LUC and health topics.&lt;/p

Data collection sources/instruments used in selected papers

&lt;p&gt;Data collection sources/instruments used in selected papers.&lt;/p

Haplotype network for the D-loop region and RAG1 from Humboldt penguin sequences

&lt;p&gt;Node size corresponds to haplotype frequency.&lt;/p

Map of South America showing sampling locations of the Humboldt penguin: CHI (Chiloé), PUP (Pupuya), ALG (Algarrobo), CAC (Cachagua), TIL (Tilgo), PAJ (Pajaros), CHO (Choros), CHA (Chañaral), GRA (Isla Grande), AZU (Pan de Azucar), and PSJ (Punta San Juan)

&lt;p&gt;Map of South America showing sampling locations of the Humboldt penguin: CHI (Chiloé), P... more &lt;p&gt;Map of South America showing sampling locations of the Humboldt penguin: CHI (Chiloé), PUP (Pupuya), ALG (Algarrobo), CAC (Cachagua), TIL (Tilgo), PAJ (Pajaros), CHO (Choros), CHA (Chañaral), GRA (Isla Grande), AZU (Pan de Azucar), and PSJ (Punta San Juan).&lt;/p

Bayesian STRUCTURE of the Humboldt penguin, delta K = 3, using admixture model

&lt;p&gt;1- Punta San Juan; 2- Isla Pan de Azucar; 3- Isla Grande de Atacama; 4- Chañaral; 5- Cho... more &lt;p&gt;1- Punta San Juan; 2- Isla Pan de Azucar; 3- Isla Grande de Atacama; 4- Chañaral; 5- Choros; 6- Pájaros; 7- Tilgo; 8- Cachagua; 9- Algarrobo; 10- Pupuya; 11- Chiloé.&lt;/p

Keywords (with synonyms) and syntax used for literature search

&lt;p&gt;Keywords (with synonyms) and syntax used for literature search.&lt;/p

Inference of theta (θ) of each population and historical migrate number of among Humboldt penguin population, estimated by maximum likelihood based on allele frequencies on MIGRATE software, where rows represent immigrants and columns represent emigrants

&lt;p&gt;Population reference: CHI (Chiloé), PUP (Pupuya), ALG (Algarrobo), CAC (Cachagua), TIL (... more &lt;p&gt;Population reference: CHI (Chiloé), PUP (Pupuya), ALG (Algarrobo), CAC (Cachagua), TIL (Tilgo), PAJ (Pajaros), CHO (Choros), CHA (Chañaral), GRA (Isla Grande), AZU (Pan de Azucar), and PSJ (Punta San Juan).&lt;/p

Basic details of included publications

&lt;p&gt;Basic details of included publications.&lt;/p

Pairwise R<sub>ST</sub> based on 10 microsatellites (a), pairwise ϕ<sub>ST</sub> based on RAG1 (b) of the Humboldt penguin (* p value < 0.05)

&lt;p&gt;Pairwise R&lt;sub&gt;ST&lt;/sub&gt; based on 10 microsatellites (a), pairwise ϕ&lt;sub&g... more &lt;p&gt;Pairwise R&lt;sub&gt;ST&lt;/sub&gt; based on 10 microsatellites (a), pairwise ϕ&lt;sub&gt;ST&lt;/sub&gt; based on RAG1 (b) of the Humboldt penguin (* p value &lt; 0.05).&lt;/p

Have we achieved a sustainable balance? Evaluating the effects of regulated guano extraction on an important penguin breeding colony (2008–2019)

Global Ecology and Conservation

Research paper thumbnail of The “Double Burden of Malnutrition” in the Amazon: dietary change and drastic increases in obesity and anemia over 40 years among the Awajún

The “Double Burden of Malnutrition” in the Amazon: dietary change and drastic increases in obesity and anemia over 40 years among the Awajún

Ecology of Food and Nutrition, 2021

Undernutrition and overnutrition are interconnected. Yet few studies have examined the &quot;doub... more Undernutrition and overnutrition are interconnected. Yet few studies have examined the &quot;double burden of malnutrition&quot; (DBM) over time in indigenous communities. We investigated changes in the food systems and nutritional health of Awajún communities in the Peruvian Amazon in the 1970s and in 2013. Methods included ethnography, 24 hr food recalls, and biological measures. In 2013, the number of traditional foods consumed decreased to 10% of levels in the 1970s and the number of market foods consumed increased 40-fold. Rates of anemia and obesity were also substantially higher in 2013 compared to the 1970s (23% vs 6% for anemia and 30% vs. 0% for obesity) indicating a DBM has emerged. Examining the predictors of hemoglobin levels and body mass indices in the 2013 sample reveals that this DBM is differentially impacting women and that risk for obesity among the Awajún is associated with multiple proxies of market integration beyond just the consumption of market foods. These findings highlight the complex pathways by which rapid lifestyle changes are creating gendered health inequalities within indigenous communities over time.