Browse | Bowdoin Digital Collections

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I Am Bearing Myself in the Mouth of the Sun
This record is embargoed.
Embargo End Date:
2029-05-16
Date
: 2024-01-01
Creator
: Dylan Austin Richmond
Access
: Embargoed
The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test and the cognitive assessment of prefrontal executive functions: A critical update
Date
: 2009-12-01
Creator
: Erika Nyhus, Francisco Barceló
Access
: Open access
For over four decades the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) has been one of the most distinctive tests of prefrontal function. Clinical research and recent brain imaging have brought into question the validity and specificity of this test as a marker of frontal dysfunction. Clinical studies with neurological patients have confirmed that, in its traditional form, the WCST fails to discriminate between frontal and non-frontal lesions. In addition, functional brain imaging studies show rapid and widespread activation across frontal and non-frontal brain regions during WCST performance. These studies suggest that the concept of an anatomically pure test of prefrontal function is not only empirically unattainable, but also theoretically inaccurate. The aim of the present review is to examine the causes of these criticisms and to resolve them by incorporating new methodological and conceptual advances in order to improve the construct validity of WCST scores and their relationship to prefrontal executive functions. We conclude that these objectives can be achieved by drawing on theory-guided experimental design, and on precise spatial and temporal sampling of brain activity, and then exemplify this using an integrative model of prefrontal function [i.e., Miller, E. K. (2000). The prefrontal cortex and cognitive control. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 1, 59-65.] combined with the formal information theoretical approach to cognitive control [Koechlin, E., & Summerfield, C. (2007). An information theoretical approach to prefrontal executive function. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 11, 229-235.]. © 2009 Elsevier Inc.
The History of Bowdoin College: With Biographical Sketches of Its Graduates from 1806 to 1879, Inclusive
Date
: 1882-01-01
Creator
: Nehemiah Cleaveland, Alpheus S. Packard
Access
: Open access
The History of Bowdoin College: With Biographical Sketches of Its Graduates from 1806 to 1879, Inclusive (1882), by Nehemiah Cleaveland and Alpheus S. Packard, provides encyclopedic biographical sketches of Bowdoin presidents and graduates for most of the nineteenth century, along with engraved portraits for many of them.
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 16 (1941-1942)
Date
: 1942-01-01
Access
: Open access
Personal Recollections of the Museum of Art and the Department of Art at Bowdoin College
Date
: 1991-01-01
Creator
: Philip C Beam
Access
: Open access
"Published with the assistance of the John Sloan Memorial Foundation"--T.p. verso
Differential gene expression during compensatory sprouting of dendrites in the auditory system of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus
Date
: 2009-08-01
Creator
: H. W. Horch, S. S. McCarthy, S. L. Johansen, J. M. Harris
Access
: Open access
Neurones that lose their presynaptic partners because of injury usually retract or die. However, when the auditory interneurones of the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus are denervated, dendrites respond by growing across the midline and forming novel synapses with the opposite auditory afferents. Suppression subtractive hybridization was used to detect transcriptional changes 3 days after denervation. This is a stage at which we demonstrate robust compensatory dendritic sprouting. Whereas 49 unique candidates were down-regulated, no sufficiently up-regulated candidates were identified at this time point. Several candidates identified in this study are known to influence the translation and degradation of proteins in other systems. The potential role of these factors in the compensatory sprouting of cricket auditory interneurones in response to denervation is discussed. © 2009 The Royal Entomological Society.
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 32 (1957-1958)
Date
: 1958-01-01
Access
: Open access
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 28 (1953-1954)
Date
: 1954-01-01
Access
: Open access
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 12 (1937-1938)
Date
: 1938-01-01
Access
: Open access
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 11 (1936-1937)
Date
: 1937-01-01
Access
: Open access
Descriptive Catalogue of the Bowdoin College Art Collections
Date
: 1903-01-01
Access
: Open access
Includes indexes.
Interview with Symone Howard (Class of 2015), Ashley Musana (Class of 2016), Briana Cardwell (Class of 2017), and Rebkah Tesfamariam (Class of 2018) by Nate DeMoranville
Date
: 2019-11-10
Creator
: Symone Howard, Ashley Musana, Briana Cardwell, Rebkah Tesfamariam
Access
: Open access
Symone Howard ’15, Ashley Musana ’16, Briana Cardwell ’17, and Rebkah Tesfamariam ’18 were four consecutive presidents of the African American Society. They were the last to preside over the organization before the name changed to Black Student Union. They discuss the numerous challenges each encountered during their time here, which coincided with large scale instances of cultural appropriation, including Cracksgiving, the Gangster Party, and the Tequila Party. Musana, who was president for both parties, recounts the long hours spent working with students and administrators to sustain and support community. All four presidents recognize the tremendous burden placed on them as individuals, but all express gratitude for having created such a close knit community.
Interview with Randy Stakeman by Marcus Williams
Date
: 2019-11-10
Creator
: Randy Stakeman
Access
: Open access
Randy Stakeman came to Bowdoin in 1978, not as a student, but as a member of the faculty. He discusses the history of the Africana Studies program, which he chaired from 1989 until his retirement in 2006. Stakeman also discusses his position as Acting Dean of Students, which he held for a brief period of time early in his career. He worked diligently to help bridge the achievement gap between black and white students. Stakeman partnered with faculty across the college to give special attention and support to underachieving students. He remembers fondly the role of the John B. Russwurm Center, where black students could congregate and find support. He says the house created a community, which he cherished.
Interview with Robert Johnson (Class of 1971) by Aisha Rickford
Date
: 2019-11-10
Creator
: Robert Johnson
Access
: Open access
Robert Johnson, Class of 1971, talks about his first visit to Bowdoin in 1967 with a friend, and being involved with BUCRO, the Bowdoin Undergraduate Civil Rights Organization. There, he met Virgil Logan, president of BUCRO and an instrumental face on campus and in the Bowdoin African American Society. Johnson details how Afam came about after the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr out of a desire to form community. Johnson then became the first President of the AfroAm at Bowdoin College. Johnson talks about how critical AfAm was for him and fellow black students isolated from their respective communities and drove black students to organize, and change racist systems. He shares stories of activism and resistance carried out on campus, specifically one where the black students on campus went silent and marched across campus to protest the lack of action on part of the Bowdoin administration as far as ensuring racial diversity in future classes. He also talks about racial incidents at Bowdoin and how Bowdoin shaped him in the years during and after graduation.
Interview with Awa Diaw (Class of 2011) by Aisha Rickford
Date
: 2019-11-09
Creator
: Awa Diaw
Access
: Open access
Awa Diaw ‘11 talks about the experience of moving from the diverse community of Harlem, New York to snowy Brunswick, ME, and how it was one of her first times being around white students in an academic setting, which she calls a “cultural transition.” Diaw, reflects on learning to use Bowdoin’s resources and how to get support where she needed it, and recalls incidents of racial bias experienced by Bowdoin students during her time at the College. One of these culminated in a moment in Diaw’s junior year when, frustrated with the administration’s response to a particularly disturbing incident, Diaw and a committee of other students created a campaign called I Am Bowdoin, which elevated the voices of students who felt marginalized at Bowdoin.
Bowdoin Alumnus Volume 35 (1960-1961)
Date
: 1961-01-01
Access
: Open access
Catalogue of the Bowdoin College Art Collections: Part 1: The Bowdoin Drawings
Date
: 1885-01-01
Creator
: Henry Johnson
Access
: Open access
Catalogue from the Bowdoin College Museum of Art.
The draw-a-computational-creativity-researcher test (DACCRT): Exploring stereotypic images and descriptions of computational creativity
Date
: 2019-01-01
Creator
: Sarah Harmon, Katie McDonough
Access
: Open access
Prior work investigating student perceptions of scientists has revealed commonly-held beliefs, stereotypes, and even connections to career choices. We adapt the “Draw-A-Scientist” instrument to examine how undergraduates depict computational creativity researchers and the field of computational creativity as a whole. Our results indicate that there are significant differences when students are asked to draw or describe a computer scientist versus a computational creativity researcher. Whether the student is an upper-level or introductory computer science student appears to also influence responses.
Bowdoin College Catalogue (1873-1874 third edition)
Date
: 1874-01-01
Access
: Open access
Catalogue of the Bowdoin Drawings
Date
: 1881-01-01
Creator
: Frederick Winslow
Access
: Open access
Catalogue from the Bowdoin College Museum of Art.
"COVID-19 Portfolio" by Meg Janes (Class of 2020)
Date
: 2020-01-01
Creator
: Meg Janes
Access
: Open access
Portfolio entries about exercising, online shopping, advertisements, and social media, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The author is class of 2022.

GSWS 2261 / CINE 2261
“I Never Saw as Good a Nature Show Before”: Walt Disney, Environmental Education, and the True-Life Adventures
Date
: 2022-01-01
Creator
: Charles Dorn
Access
: Open access
Alongside Walt Disney’s animated movies, television programming, and theme parks, scholars have examined The Walt Disney Studios’ True-Life Adventures series of live-action nature documentary films for their impact on popular culture. Historians, however, have mostly overlooked the significance of the True-Life Adventures for student learning about the natural world. Amending this historiographical shortcoming, this essay examines Disney’s innovative approach to wildlife filmmaking, describes viewers’ reactions to the True-Life Adventures’ educational qualities, and investigates the Studios’ efforts to use the films to enter the education market. The study breaks new ground by analyzing seldom accessed documents preserved in theWalt Disney Archives both to reveal how students, teachers, and college and university faculty responded to the films and to examine the extension of the nature documentaries through related media.
Swarm-based path creation in dynamic environments for search and rescue
Date
: 2012-01-01
Creator
: William K. Richard, Stephen M. Majercik
Access
: Open access
Digital Humanities and Italian Studies: Intersections and Oppositions
Date
: 2019-07-03
Creator
: Crystal Hall
Access
: Open access
This article examines the relationship between two fields of study, Italian Studies and Digital Humanities (DH), by documenting projects that employ digital or computational methods in the study of Italian language, literature, history, and the arts. In a complementary fashion, the author outlines the analytical questions of Italian scholars that have potential to advance inquiry in DH. A final section is devoted to contextualizing DH within the practice of Italian Studies at the institutional, program, and department levels by drawing on research of course offerings and a survey circulated in August 2017. The overall finding is that the area of overlap between DH and Italian Studies is intellectually rich, with increasing (yet still sparse) opportunities to develop specialization in this area.
Promoting the "Public Welfare" in Wartime: Stanford University during World War II
Date
: 2005-11-01
Creator
: Charles Dorn
Access
: Open access
As with many U.S. colleges and universities during World War II, Stanford University responded to the demands of mobilization by increasing its commitment to technical training and adopting a defense research agenda. In a striking departure from this national trend, however, Stanford also established its School of Humanities in 1942. By examining such seemingly disparate pursuits, this study reveals the complexity of the challenges that confronted institutions of higher education throughout the war era. Stanford University's simultaneous embrace of these programs illuminates broad concerns regarding the role of higher education in fostering civic-mindedness in a society denned by rapid technological advance and the perception of an ever-increasing threat to national security. © 2005 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.
Voluntary sustainability standards could significantly reduce detrimental impacts of global agriculture
Date
: 2019-02-05
Creator
: W. K. Smith, E. Nelson, J. A. Johnson, S. Polasky, J. C., Milder, J. S. Gerber, P. C. West, S. Siebert, K. A. Brauman
Access
: Open access
Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) are stakeholder-derived principles with measurable and enforceable criteria to promote sustainable production outcomes. While institutional commitments to use VSS to meet sustainable procurement policies have grown rapidly over the past decade, we still have relatively little understanding of the (i) direct environmental benefits of large-scale VSS adoption; (ii) potential perverse indirect impacts of adoption; and (iii) implementation pathways. Here, we illustrate and address these knowledge gaps using an ecosystem service modeling and scenario analysis of Bonsucro, the leading VSS for sugarcane. We find that global compliance with the Bonsucro environmental standards would reduce current sugarcane production area (−24%), net tonnage (−11%), irrigation water use (−65%), nutrient loading (−34%), and greenhouse gas emissions from cultivation (−51%). Under a scenario of doubled global sugarcane production, Bonsucro adoption would further limit water use and greenhouse gas emissions by preventing sugarcane expansion into water-stressed and high-carbon stock ecosystems. This outcome was achieved via expansion largely on existing agricultural lands. However, displacement of other crops could drive detrimental impacts from indirect land use. We find that over half of the potential direct environmental benefits of Bonsucro standards under the doubling scenario could be achieved by targeting adoption in just 10% of global sugarcane production areas. However, designing policy that generates the most environmentally beneficial Bonsucro adoption pathway requires a better understanding of the economic and social costs of VSS adoption. Finally, we suggest research directions to advance sustainable consumption and production.
Evaluating democracy: The 1946 U.S. education mission to Germany
Date
: 2005-06-01
Creator
: Charles Dorn
Access
: Open access
Following World War II, a group of American educators was assigned the task of evaluating the U.S. military government's program for reconstructing Germany's educational system. Although issuing a generally positive report, this education mission identified a number of persistent tensions that ultimately undermined America's efforts to rehabilitate and reform German schooling. As with the American occupation of Germany during the postwar era, current U.S. foreign policy directives include establishing educational institutions in the "broader Middle East" as a primary mechanism for inculcating democratic values and ideals. Determining America's success with these efforts, especially in ideologically conservative nations, poses a significant challenge to evaluators. Through an analysis of the 1946 Report of the United States Education Mission to Germany, this article presents a historical case study of the stumbling blocks, failings, and successes of one attempt to evaluate efforts in infusing democratic values into educational institutions in a fallen totalitarian state. © 2005 American Evaluation Association.
DC-SSAT: A divide-and-conquer approach to solving stochastic satisfiability problems efficiently
Date
: 2005-12-01
Creator
: Stephen M. Majercik, Byron Boots
Access
: Open access
We present DC-SSAT, a sound and complete divide-and-conquer algorithm for solving stochastic satisfiability (SSAT) problems that outperforms the best existing algorithm for solving such problems (ZANDER) by several orders of magnitude with respect to both time and space. DC-SSAT achieves this performance by dividing the SSAT problem into subproblems based on the structure of the original instance, caching the viable partial assignments (VPAs) generated by solving these subproblems, and using these VPAs to construct the solution to the original problem. DC-SSAT does not save redundant VPAs and each VPA saved is necessary to construct the solution. Furthermore, DC-SSAT builds a solution that is already human-comprehensible, allowing it to avoid the costly solution rebuilding phase in ZANDER. As a result, DC-SSAT is able to solve problems using, typically, 1-2 orders of magnitude less space than ZANDER, allowing DC-SSAT to solve problems ZANDER cannot solve due to space constraints. And, in spite of its more parsimonious use of space, DC-SSAT is typically 1-2 orders of magnitude faster than ZANDER. We describe the DC-SSAT algorithm and present empirical results comparing its performance to that of ZANDER on a set of SSAT problems. Copyright © 2005, American Association for Artificial Intelligence (www.aaai.org). All rights reserved.
Interview with DeRay Mckesson (Class of 2007) by Nate DeMoranville
Date
: 2019-11-09
Creator
: DeRay Mckesson
Access
: Open access
DeRay Mckesson ’08 was a two-time president of Bowdoin Student Government, and instituted many of the programming and policies that are in place today. Mckesson shares how during his tenure he transferred several powers of the presidency onto the Executive Committee. He tasked this body with selecting members for BSG’s General Assembly but also with selecting students for institutional committees. Mckesson reaffirms his belief in the Bowdoin community, which he considers unique for its collection of highly capable individuals who believe in the bigness of the world. He discusses how he strove always to imagine new ways to serve the community and built meaningful relationships with faculty, staff, and students.
Reflections questionnaire response by Anonymous on March 24, 2021
Date
: 2021-01-01
Creator
: Anonymous
Access
: Open access
This is a response to the Documenting Bowdoin & COVID-19 Reflections Questionnaire. The questionnaire was created in March 2021 by staff of Bowdoin's George J. Mitchell Department of Special Collections & Archives. Author is class of 2022.
Under the hood of satellite empirical chlorophyll a algorithms: Revealing the dependencies of maximum band ratio algorithms on inherent optical properties
Date
: 2012-09-10
Creator
: Michael J. Sauer, C. S. Roesler, P. J. Werdell, A. Barnard
Access
: Open access
Empirically-based satellite estimates of chlorophyll a [Chl] (e.g. OC3) are an important indicator of phytoplankton biomass. To correctly interpret [Chl] variability, estimates must be accurate and sources of algorithm errors known. While the underlying assumptions of band ratio algorithms such as OC3 have been tacitly hypothesized (i.e. CDOM and phytoplankton absorption covary), the influence of component absorption and scattering on the shape of the algorithm and estimated [Chl] error has yet to be explicitly revealed. We utilized the NOMAD bio-optical data set to examine variations between satellite estimated [Chl] and in situ values. We partitioned the variability into (a) signal contamination and (b) natural phytoplankton variability (variability in chlorophyll-specific phytoplankton absorption). Not surprisingly, the OC3 best-fit curve resulted from a balance between these two different sources of variation confirming the bias by detrital absorption on global scale. Unlike previous descriptions of empirical [Chl] algorithms, our study (a) quantified the mean detrital:phytoplankton absorption as ~1:1in the global NOMAD data set, and (b) removed detrital (CDOM + non-algal particle) absorption in radiative transfer models directly showing that the scale of the remaining variability in the band ratio algorithm was dominated by phytoplankton absorption cross section. © 2012 Optical Society of America.
Waterfowl habitat change over five decades in a freshwater tidal ecosystem in mid-coast maine
Date
: 2011-01-01
Creator
: J. Lichter, M.E.H. Burton, S.L. Close, J.M. Grinvalsky, J., Reblin
Access
: Open access
Underway and moored methods for improving accuracy in measurement of spectral particulate absorption and attenuation
Date
: 2010-10-01
Creator
: Wayne H. Slade, Emmanuel Boss, Giorgio Dall'olmo, M. Rois Langner, James, Loftin, Michael J. Behrenfeld, Collin Roesler, Toby K. Westberry
Access
: Open access
Optical sensors have distinct advantages when used in ocean observatories, autonomous platforms, and on vessels of opportunity, because of their high-frequency measurements, low power consumption, and the numerous established relationships between optical measurements and biogeochemical variables. However, the issues of biofouling and instrument stability over time remain complicating factors when optical instruments are used over periods longer than several days. Here, a method for obtaining calibration-independent measurements of spectral particle absorption and attenuation is presented. Flow-through optical instrumentation is routinely diverted through a large-surface area 0.2-μm cartridge filter, allowing for the calculation of particle optical properties by differencing temporally adjacent filtered and whole water samples. This approach yields measurements that are independent of drift in instrument calibration. The method has advantages not only for coastally moored deployments, but also for applications in optically clear waters where uncertainties in instrument calibration can be a significant part of the signal measured. The differencing technique is demonstrated using WET Labs (Philomath, Oregon) ac-9 and ac-s multi- and hyperspectral absorption and attenuation meters. For the ac-s sensor, a correction scheme is discussed that utilizes the spectral shape of water absorption in the near-infrared to improve the accuracy of temperature and scattering-corrected spectra. Flow-through particulate absorption measurements are compared with discrete filter-pad measurements and are found to agree well (R = 0.77; rmse = 0.0174 m ). © 2010 American Meteorological Society. 2 -1
The Future of Social Movement Organizations: The Waning Dominance of SMOs Online
Date
: 2013-04-12
Creator
: Jennifer Earl
Access
: Open access
For scholars interested in the role of information communication technologies (ICTs) in protest and social movements, the importance of organizations doesn’t appear to be as axiomatic. Work over the past decade researching “Internet activism” has raised fundamental questions about SMOs and their continuing importance to protest: Do organizations play the same role in online protest as they have played in offline protest? Are SMOs as necessary for online movements and protest organizing? What role or functions do SMOs play in online protest? In this article, I address these questions by first surveying social movement research on pre-Internet protest to establish how traditional social movement scholarship understands the role and impact of SMOs. I then compare these expectations to existing work on online protest. In the end, I argue that there are a variety of factors that contribute to the declining necessity of SMOs. Nonetheless, I point to some advantages that SMOs still seem to offer over other forms of organizing. Finally, I discuss the differences between a movement ecology devoid of SMOs versus one that has some level of SMO presence as well as reasons why SMOs might persist, separate and apart from the advantages the organizational form imparts.
Understanding the effect of political advertising on voter turnout: A response to Krasno and Green
Date
: 2008-01-01
Creator
: Michael M. Franz, Paul Freedman, Ken Goldstein, Travis N. Ridout
Access
: Open access
Krasno and Green have argued that political advertising has no impact on voter turnout. We remain unconvinced by their evidence, given concerns about how they measure the advertising environment, how they measure advertising tone, their choice of modeling techniques and the generalizability of their findings. These differences aside, we strongly agree that political advertising does little to undermine voter participation. © 2008 Southern Political Science Association.
Climate change's impact on key ecosystem services and the human well-being they support in the US
Date
: 2013-11-01
Creator
: Erik J. Nelson, Peter Kareiva, Mary Ruckelshaus, Katie Arkema, Gary, Geller, Evan Girvetz, Dave Goodrich, Virginia Matzek, Malin Pinsky
Access
: Open access
Climate change alters the functions of ecological systems. As a result, the provision of ecosystem services and the well-being of people that rely on these services are being modified. Climate models portend continued warming and more frequent extreme weather events across the US. Such weather-related disturbances will place a premium on the ecosystem services that people rely on. We discuss some of the observed and anticipated impacts of climate change on ecosystem service provision and livelihoods in the US. We also highlight promising adaptive measures. The challenge will be choosing which adaptive strategies to implement, given limited resources and time. We suggest using dynamic balance sheets or accounts of natural capital and natural assets to prioritize and evaluate national and regional adaptation strategies that involve ecosystem services. © The Ecological Society of America.
The Effects of Corporate Governance on the Innovation Performance of Chinese SMEs
Date
: 2013-03-10
Creator
: Yao Tang, Daniel Shapiro, Miaojun Wang, Weiying Zhang
Access
: Open access
We investigate the degree to which corporate governance and ownership affects the innovation performance of firms in China with a particular focus on privately owned small and medium enterprises (SMEs). We hypothesize that (1) board-related governance measures will enhance innovation because they improve monitoring and provide access to necessary resources; (2) ownership concentration initially facilitates innovation because large shareholders are more likely to commit to the long-term nature of innovation, and have the incentive to monitor managers whose time horizon may be shorter; however we argue that these effects weaken as large shareholders becomes entrenched at higher levels of concentration; and (3) hiring an external CEO will enhance innovation both by ensuring professional management of the company, and by alleviating the entrenchment possibilities associated with large shareholders. These hypotheses are tested using a unique sample of 370 mostly private and relatively small Chinese firms in Zhejiang province, for the period 2004 to 2006. The results suggest that for this sample, corporate governance and ownership affect innovation activity when measured by patenting activity, but not when measured by new product sales.
Bowdoin College - Medical School of Maine Catalogue (1878-1879)
Date
: 1879-01-01
Access
: Open access
Bowdoin College - Medical School of Maine Catalogue (1878)
Date
: 1879-01-01
Access
: Open access
Bowdoin College - Medical School of Maine Catalogue (1895)
Date
: 1895-01-01
Access
: Open access
Equivalence classes in the Weyl groups of type Bn
Date
: 2008-04-01
Creator
: Thomas Pietraho
Access
: Open access
We consider two families of equivalence classes in the Weyl groups of type B n which are suggested by the study of left cells in unequal parameter Iwahori-Hecke algebras. Both families are indexed by a non-negative integer r. It has been shown that the first family coincides with left cells corresponding to the equal parameter Iwahori-Hecke algebra when r=0; the equivalence classes in the second family agree with left cells corresponding to a special class of choices of unequal parameters when r is sufficiently large. Our main result shows that the two families of equivalence classes coincide, suggesting the structure of left cells for remaining choices of the Iwahori-Hecke algebra parameters. © 2007 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Report of the President, Bowdoin College 1914-1915
Date
: 1915-01-01
Access
: Open access
Prints, Drawings, Paintings: Thomas Cornell
Date
: 1964-01-01
Access
: Open access
Catalog of an exhibition held at the Bowdoin College Museum of Art, 1964.
Whole genome sequence of the heterozygous clinical isolate Candida krusei 81-B-5
Date
: 2017-09-01
Creator
: Christina A. Cuomo, Terrance Shea, Bo Yang, Reeta Rao, Anja, Forche
Access
: Open access
Candida krusei is a diploid, heterozygous yeast that is an opportunistic fungal pathogen in immunocompromised patients. This species also is utilized for fermenting cocoa beans during chocolate production. One major concern in the clinical setting is the innate resistance of this species to the most commonly used antifungal drug fluconazole. Here, we report a high-quality genome sequence and assembly for the first clinical isolate of C. krusei, strain 81-B-5, into 11 scaffolds generated with PacBio sequencing technology. Gene annotation and comparative analysis revealed a unique profile of transporters that could play a role in drug resistance or adaptation to different environments. In addition, we show that, while 82% of the genome is highly heterozygous, a 2.0 Mb region of the largest scaffold has undergone loss of heterozygosity. This genome will serve as a reference for further genetic studies of this pathogen.
Higher rank lamplighter groups are graph automatic
Date
: 2018-02-15
Creator
: Sophie Bérubé, Tara Palnitkar, Jennifer Taback
Access
: Open access
We show that the higher rank lamplighter groups, or Diestel–Leader groups Γd(q) for d≥3, are graph automatic. This introduces a new family of graph automatic groups which are not automatic.
Evolution in Candida albicans populations during a single passage through a mouse host
Date
: 2009-07-01
Creator
: Anja Forche, P. T. Magee, Anna Selmecki, Judith Berman, Georgiana, May
Access
: Open access
The mechanisms and rates by which genotypic and phenotypic variation is generated in opportunistic, eukaryotic pathogens during growth in hosts are not well understood. We evaluated genomewide genetic and phenotypic evolution in Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen of humans, during passage through a mouse host (in vivo) and during propagation in liquid culture (in vitro). We found slower population growth and higher rates of chromosome-level genetic variation in populations passaged in vivo relative to those grown in vitro. Interestingly, the distribution of long-range loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and chromosome rearrangement events across the genome differed for the two growth environments, while rates of short-range LOH were comparable for in vivo and in vitro populations. Further, for the in vivo populations, there was a positive correlation of cells demonstrating genetic alterations and variation in colony growth and morphology. For in vitro populations, no variation in growth phenotypes was detected. Together, our results demonstrate that passage through a living host leads to slower growth and higher rates of genomic and phenotypic variation compared to in vitro populations. Results suggest that the dynamics of population growth and genomewide rearrangement contribute to the maintenance of a commensal and opportunistic life history of C. albicans. Copyright © 2009 by the Genetics Society of America.
Knuth relations for the hyperoctahedral groups
Date
: 2009-06-01
Creator
: Thomas Pietraho
Access
: Open access
C. Bonnafé, M. Geck, L. Iancu, and T. Lam have conjectured a description of Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in unequal parameter Hecke algebras of type B which is based on domino tableaux of arbitrary rank. In the integer case, this generalizes the work of D. Garfinkle. We adapt her methods and construct a family of operators which generate the equivalence classes on pairs of arbitrary rank domino tableaux described in the above conjecture. © 2008 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC.
Littoral Abstractions: Drawings by Emily Nelligan
Date
: 2000-01-01
Access
: Open access
Includes an essay by the curator Allison Ferris.
Continuity Trumps Change: The First Year of Trump's Administrative Presidency
Date
: 2019-10-01
Creator
: Rachel Augustine Potter, Andrew Rudalevige, Sharece Thrower, Adam L. Warber
Access
: Open access
From campaign rhetoric to tweets, President Trump has positioned himself as disrupter in chief, often pointing to administrative action as the avenue by which he is leaving a lasting mark. However, research on the administrative presidency begins with the premise that all presidents face incentives to use administrative tools to gain substantive or political traction. If, as this article suggests, Trump's institutional standing differs little from his recent predecessors, then how much of the Trump presidency represents a change from past norms and practices' How much represents continuity, or the perennial dynamics of a far-from-omnipotent executive in an ongoing world of separate institutions sharing powers (Neustadt 1990, 29)' To answer this, we tracked presidential directives and regulatory policy during Trump's first year in office. We found evidence of continuity, indicating that in its use of administrative tactics to shape policy, the Trump White House largely falls in line with recent presidencies.
Multistable solitons in higher-dimensional cubic-quintic nonlinear Schrödinger lattices
Date
: 2009-01-15
Creator
: C. Chong, R. Carretero-González, B. A. Malomed, P. G. Kevrekidis
Access
: Open access
We study the existence, stability, and mobility of fundamental discrete solitons in two- and three-dimensional nonlinear Schrödinger lattices with a combination of cubic self-focusing and quintic self-defocusing onsite nonlinearities. Several species of stationary solutions are constructed, and bifurcations linking their families are investigated using parameter continuation starting from the anti-continuum limit, and also with the help of a variational approximation. In particular, a species of hybrid solitons, intermediate between the site- and bond-centered types of the localized states (with no counterpart in the 1D model), is analyzed in 2D and 3D lattices. We also discuss the mobility of multi-dimensional discrete solitons that can be set in motion by lending them kinetic energy exceeding the appropriately defined Peierls-Nabarro barrier; however, they eventually come to a halt, due to radiation loss. © 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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