Budapest Metro - Wikipedia

Budapest Metro - Wikipedia
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Rapid transit system of Budapest, Hungary
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Budapest Metro
Top
Örs vezér tere
, terminus of
metro line M2
Bottom
Metro line M4
, a
driverless metro
line
with real-time
PIDS
system at Kálvin tér,
transfer
station
to
metro line M3
Overview
Native name
Budapesti metró
Owner
Capital City of Budapest
Locale
Budapest
Hungary
Transit type
Rapid transit
Number of lines
Number of stations
52
Daily ridership
1.27 million (2009)
Annual ridership
382.6 million (2023)
Website
BKK Public Transport
Operation
Began operation
2 May 1896
; 129 years ago
1896-05-02
Operator(s)
Centre for Budapest Transport
Budapest Transport Ltd. (BKV)
Technical
System length
39.4 km (24.5 mi)
Track gauge
1,435 mm
4 ft
in
standard gauge
Top speed
80 km/h (50 mph)
System map
Show interactive map
Legend
Újpest-központ
Újpest-városkapu
Gyöngyösi utca
Forgách utca
Göncz Árpád városközpont
Dózsa György út
Mexikói út
Lehel tér
Széchényi fürdő
Nyugati pályaudvar
Hősök tere
Arany János utca
Bajza utca
Kodály körönd
Déli pályaudvar
Vörösmarty utca
Széll Kálmán tér
Oktogon
Batthyány tér
Opera
Kossuth Lajos tér
Bajcsy-Zsilinszky út
Deák Ferenc tér
Vörösmarty tér
Astoria
Ferenciek tere
Blaha Lujza tér
Keleti pályaudvar
II. János Pál pápa tér
Puskás Ferenc Stadion
Rákóczi tér
Pillangó utca
Kálvin tér
Örs vezér tere
Fővám tér
Szent Gellért tér – Műegyetem
Corvin-negyed
Móricz Zsigmond körtér
Semmelweis Klinikák
Újbuda-központ
Nagyvárad tér
Bikás park
Népliget
Kelenföld vasútállomás
Ecseri út
Pöttyös utca
Határ út
Kőbánya-Kispest
Up and down correspond roughly to north and south, respectively
This diagram:
view
talk
edit
Show static and route diagram map
The
Budapest Metro
Hungarian
Budapesti metró
pronounced
[ˈbudɒpɛʃti
ˈmɛtroː]
) is the
rapid transit
system of the
Hungarian
capital
Budapest
. Opened in 1896, it is the
world's second oldest electrified underground railway
after the
City and South London Railway
(1890), and the third oldest underground railway with multiple stations after the originally steam-powered
Metropolitan Railway
(1863), both now part of the London Underground, and the
Mersey Railway
, now part of
Merseyrail
in Liverpool (1886).
Between 1970 and 1990 the metro was extended with metro line M2 and M3. Metro line M4 was completed in 2014, though not all the originally planned stations were finished. Since 2014 the length of the entire metro system is 39.4 kilometers and it has 52 stations.
Budapest's first line,
Line 1
, was completed in 1896.
The M1 line became an
IEEE
Milestone due to the radically new innovations in its era: "Among the railway's innovative elements were bidirectional tram cars; electric lighting in the subway stations and tram cars; and an overhead wire structure instead of a third-rail system for power."
In 2002, the M1 line was listed as a
UNESCO
World Heritage Site
History
edit
Old surface alignment of
Millennium Underground
at
Heroes' Square
An old image of the first metro line on Andrássy Avenue
A train in 1896
Budapest Metro
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Schlick train at Opera station
Interactive map of Budapest Metro
Official name
Andrássy Avenue
and the Underground
Location
Budapest
Hungary
Part of
Budapest, including the Banks of the
Danube
, the
Buda Castle
Quarter and Andrássy Avenue
Criteria
Cultural: (ii), (iv)
Reference
400bis-002
Inscription
1987 (11th
Session
Extensions
2002
Area
57.85 ha (0.2234 sq mi)
Buffer zone
239.61 ha (0.9251 sq mi)
Website
Coordinates
47°29′19″N
19°5′13″E
 / 
47.48861°N 19.08694°E
 /
47.48861; 19.08694
Budapest Metro
Location of Budapest Metro in Hungary
Show map of Hungary
Budapest Metro
Budapest Metro (Budapest)
Show map of Budapest
The Budapest Metro is either the oldest or 2nd oldest underground urban railway in continental Europe.
While the
original metro line M1
of the Budapest metro is the oldest electrified underground railway on the continent, the oldest fully underground urban railway in continental Europe is the
Tünel
line in
Istanbul
, built in 1875.
10
However, since Tünel is a funicular railway, it may or may not be considered a "metro", in the classic sense.
11
The
original line M1
"Földalatti"
, from Hungarian
föld
"earth, ground",
alatt
"under"; so "the underground") ran for 5 km (3.1 mi) from
Vörösmarty tér
to
Széchenyi fürdő
12
Line M1 was inaugurated on 2 May 1896, the year of the millennium (the thousandth anniversary of
the arrival of the Magyars
), by emperor
Franz Joseph
13
It was named "Franz Joseph Underground Electric Railway Company" (
"Ferenc József Földalatti Villamos Vasút Rt."
).
Works on line M2 started in the 1950s, although the first section did not open until 1970. It follows an east–west route, connecting the major
Keleti
(Eastern)
and
Déli
(Southern)
railway stations.
12
Planning for Metro Line 3 began in 1963 and construction started in 1970 with help of
Soviet
specialists.
citation needed
The first section, consisting of six stations, opened in 1976. It was extended to the south in 1980 with five additional stations, and to the north in 1981, 1984, and 1990, with nine additional stations. With a length of approximately 16 kilometres (9.9 mi)
14
and a total of 20 stations, it is the longest line in Budapest.
15
Construction of the fourth Metro line began in 2006.
16
The line opened after several delays and budget overruns in May 2014.
17
Routes
edit
The metro consists of four lines (M1–M4), each denoted by a different colour. M1 (yellow) runs from Mexikói út south-west towards the
Danube
. The M2 (red) line travels east–west through the city, crossing the river. The M3 (blue) runs in a broadly north–south alignment, interchanging with the three other lines. The M4 (green) line commences at Keleti pályaudvar and travels south-west, crossing the river, to terminate at Kelenföld vasútállomás.
12
See also:
List of Budapest Metro stations
Line
Color
Name
and Route
Year of
opening
Latest
extension
Length
(km)
Number
of stations
Yellow
Line M1
(Vörösmarty tér ↔ Mexikói út)
18
1896
1973
4.4
11
Red
Line M2
(Déli pályaudvar ↔ Örs vezér tere)
19
1970
1972
10.3
11
Blue
Line M3
(Újpest-Központ ↔ Kőbánya-Kispest)
20
1976
1990
17.3
20
Green
Line M4
(Keleti pályaudvar ↔ Kelenföld vasútállomás)
21
2014
7.3
10
Total:
39.4
52
Metro line M1
edit
Metro line M1 - Opera station (originally opened in 1896, reconstructed in 1973 and 1995)
Line M1
runs northeast from the
city centre
on the
Pest
side under
Andrássy út
to the
Városliget
, or City Park. Like line
M3
, it does not serve
Buda
. Metro line M1, the oldest of the metro lines operating in Budapest, has been in constant operation since 1896. In the 1980s and 1990s, the line underwent major reconstruction. During the construction of line M2, space needed to be made for its station at Deák Ferenc tér, as a result, M1's station at Deák Ferenc tér had to be rebuilt approximately 40 meters from the original station. Of its 11 stations currently served, eight are original and three were added during the reconstruction. The original appearance of the old stations has been preserved, and each station features displays of historical photographs and information. As part of the reconstruction, the
Millennium Underground Museum
in the old station at Deák Ferenc tér connected to the concourse.
There are plans for the future extension of the line in both directions.
22
Metro line M2
edit
Metro line M2 - Keleti pályaudvar station (originally opened in 1970, reconstructed in 2005)
Line M2
runs east–west from
Déli pályaudvar
in
Buda
's
Krisztinaváros
, through the city center, to
Örs vezér tere
in eastern
Pest
. It offers connections to
Hungarian State Railways
at Déli and
Keleti pályaudvars
, to metro lines M1 and M3 at
Deák Ferenc tér
, to M4 at Keleti pályaudvar, to
suburban railway
lines H8 and H9 at Örs vezér tere, and to suburban railway line H5 at
Batthyány tér
. Prior to the opening of M4, it was (for more than 45 years) the only metro line that served the Buda side of the city.
Metro Line 2 underwent a major reconstruction in the second half of the 2000s, with all of the track replaced and stations revamped by 2007. The entire fleet of
Metrovagonmash 81-717/81-714
and Ev/EvA carriages operating on the line were replaced with
Alstom Metropolis
metro cars by 2013.
23
Planning of a direct connection of line M2 and the suburban railway lines with a shared new station at Örs vezér tere and the addition of a potential new underground station near Hungexpo Budapest Congress and Exhibition Center, offering another interchange point to mainline railways began in 2021.
24
Metro line M3
edit
Metro line M3
- Nagyvárad tér station (originally opened in 1976, reconstructed 2022–2023)
Line M3
runs from north-northeast to southeast on the
Pest
side of the river and connects several populous residential areas with the
Inner City
25
It has a transfer station with line
M1
and line
M2
at
Deák Ferenc tér
, and an interchange with line
M4
at
Kálvin tér
. It is the longest line in the Budapest metro system, its daily ridership is estimated at 610,000.
26
A semi-automatic train drive system was introduced in 1990.
27
A complete renovation of the line started in 2017. The upgrades included reconstructing the stations, rebuilding the track, safety equipment, ventilation and tunnel insulation. Design works were entirely funded by the European Union under the New Széchenyi Plan. The project also included the renovation of the rolling stock and a possible extension of the metro line to Káposztásmegyer.
28
The renovation finished in May 2023, with the opening of Nagyvárad tér and Lehel tér stations.
29
Metro line M4
edit
Metro line M4 - Fővám tér station (opened in 2014)
Line M4
runs southwest–northeast from
Kelenföld vasútállomás
in
Buda
's
Kelenföld
neighborhood to
Keleti Railway Station
in
Józsefváros
. With a length of 7.4 kilometres (4.6 mi), it connects to
Hungarian State Railways
at its termini, to the metro line M3 at
Kálvin tér
, and to line M2 at Keleti pályaudvar. Line M4 was completed in March 2014 and comprises ten stations.
30
Future expansion
edit
Metro line M5
edit
The green lines show the existing
H5, H6 and H7 lines
; the red lines are the proposed connections under the city to form line
M5
; and the blue lines are existing railway lines that could also be connected
Metro line
M5
is a proposed north–south railway tunnel to connect the currently separated elements of the suburban rail network, namely the
H5
H6
and
H7
suburban railway lines, and optionally the
Budapest
Esztergom
and
Budapest
Kunszentmiklós
Tass
railway lines. Currently the project does not have mainstream political support, only included in long-term plans. The first phase (planned until 2030)
31
would be the extension and connection of the southern H6 and H7 lines to
Astoria metro station
via
Kálvin tér
, thus connecting these lines to metro lines M2, M3 and M4. The second phase would create a connection to metro line M1 as well at
Oktogon
, M3 at
Lehel tér
then cross the
Danube
to the
Buda
side to connect suburban railway line H5 towards
Szentendre
citation needed
Rolling stock
edit
Ganz MFAV
– operating on line M1 since 1973
Alstom Metropolis
– operating on line M2 since 2012 and on line M4 since its opening in 2014
Metrowagonmash
81-717.2K/714.2K – refurbished versions of the old carriages that ran on lines M2 and M3; operating on line M3 since 2017
General information
edit
Tickets and transfer system
edit
The usual
BKK
tickets and passes can be used on all lines. Single tickets can be re-used when changing metro lines.
32
There are plans for an
automated fare collection system
33
A contract for a system was signed in 2014,
34
but terminated in 2018 without completion.
35
The Budapest Pay&GO system, that was introduced on bus line 100E in June 2023, is planned to begin a test phase on line M1.
Starting 1st March 2024, free public transport has been extended for children up to 14 years, and for people 65 years or older including non-Hungarian citizens.
36
In popular culture
edit
The internationally acclaimed 2003 Hungarian thriller
Kontroll
is set and was filmed in the metro system on lines M2 and M3.
See also
edit
Trains portal
Hungary portal
List of metro systems
List of automated urban metro subway systems
Notes
edit
References
edit
Mátyás Jangel (September 2010).
"Közszolgáltatási szerződés, utasjogok, a szolgáltatástervezés és ellenőrzés folyamata a kötöttpályás helyi- és elővárosi közforgalmú közlekedésben"
[Public service contract, passenger rights, service planning and monitoring process of local and suburban public transport rail] (in Hungarian). BKV Zrt. Közlekedési Igazgatóság [Directorate of Public Office. Transport]. pp. 10 (and 3). Archived from
the original
(pdf)
on 2015-01-28
. Retrieved
2015-04-19
Metro usage per day – Line 1: 120,000; Line 2: 405,000; Line 3: 630,000. (Line 4 began operations in 2014, with a 110,000 ridership estimated by Centre for Budapest Transport (BKK) based on the latest year.)
"Urban passenger traffic in Hungary and Budapest by mode of transport"
Hungarian Central Statistical Office
. 2021-08-18
. Retrieved
2021-09-14
"Siemens.com Budapest Line 4"
. Retrieved
19 December
2022
{{
cite web
}}
: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (
link
Jennifer Walker (19 December 2018).
"Budapest M1: Inside continental Europe's oldest metro network"
. CNN
. Retrieved
29 July
2019
"World Heritage Committee Inscribes 9 New Sites on the World Heritage List"
UNESCO World Heritage Centre
Archived
from the original on November 28, 2009.
"Our thematic route with... - Sightseeing along the line of Millennium Underground Railway"
. BKV Zrt
. Retrieved
2013-10-18
Goodrich, Joanna (31 March 2020).
"Budapest's Electric Underground Railway Is Still Running After More Than 120 Years"
IEEE Spectrum
UNESCO World Heritage Centre.
"UNESCO World Heritage Centre – World Heritage Committee Inscribes 9 New Sites on the World Heritage List"
. whc.unesco.org.
Archived
from the original on 28 November 2009
. Retrieved
10 April
2013
"The 10 Oldest Subways in the World"
. 12 December 2022.
"History of Tünel"
. 12 December 2022.
"Subway (Metro) definition"
. 12 December 2022.
Robert Schwandl.
"Budapest"
. UrbanRail.net
. Retrieved
1 August
2019
"First underground railway of Europe was opened in Budapest – Photo gallery"
. 7 May 2017.
Jennifer Walker. (19 December 2018).
Budapest M1: Inside continental Europe's oldest metro network
CNN. Retrieved 19 December 2022
Russia's Metrovagonmash and the Budapest metro refurbishment — A curious arrangement
"Budapest's new bus service framework"
"Budapest opens controversial Metro Line 4"
Robert Schwandl.
"Line M1 Vörösmarty tér - Mexikói út"
UrbanRail
. Retrieved
27 March
2019
Robert Schwandl.
"Line M2 Déli pályaudvar - Örs vezér tere"
UrbanRail
. Retrieved
27 March
2019
Robert Schwandl.
"Line 3 Újpest-Központ - Kõbánya-Kispest"
UrbanRail
. Retrieved
29 July
2019
Robert Schwandl.
"Line M4 Keleti pályaudvar- Kelenföld vasútállomás"
UrbanRail
. Retrieved
27 March
2019
"M1-es metró korszerűsítése és meghosszabbítása - Budapesti Közlekedési Központ"
Budapesti Közlekedési Központ
(in Hungarian)
. Retrieved
1 October
2017
"Alstom hands over first Budapest Metropolis train"
. 12 July 2012.
János Król. (17 November 2021).
Interconnecting M2 metro and H8-H9 HÉV suburban lines
Retrieved 8 December 2022
Budapest City Atlas, Dimap-Szarvas, Budapest, 2011,
ISBN
978-963-03-9124-5
"A 4 metróvonal összehasonlítása"
Metro 4
. Retrieved
19 December
2022
"Budapest metro Line 3 reconstruction enters final phase"
. 9 November 2020.
"Megjelent az M3-as metróvonal rekonstrukciójának tervezésére kiírt pályázat"
Budapesti Közlekedési Központ
. 25 July 2013
. Retrieved
1 June
2021
"Three reconstructed stations opened on the central section of metro line M3"
"Automated metro Line M4 opens in Budapest"
. Railway Gazette. 28 March 2014
. Retrieved
9 April
2015
"Balázs Mór plan, long term service development plans of the BKK"
(PDF)
. Retrieved
19 December
2022
"Types and prices"
Már milliárdokért üzemeltetjük Budapesten az elektronikus jegyrendszert, holott még el sem készült
444. 12 March 2018. Retrieved 8 December 2022.
(in Hungarian)
"Budapest signed the Contract Agreement for the Automated Fare Collection system"
. BKK Zrt. 8 October 2014
. Retrieved
24 October
2014
Hutter Marianna. (29 November 2018).
Elektronikus jegyrendszer: felmondta a BKK a szállítói szerződést
azonnalı. Retrieved 8 December 2022
(in Hungarian)
"New tariff system in Hungarian public transport from today │ Szegedify"
External links
edit
Wikimedia Commons has media related to
Metro (Budapest)
Budapest Metro Map 2016–17 on Google earth with geolocation
BKK Zrt. – official website
Budapest Metro Track map
Budapest at
UrbanRail.net
Budapest Metro Map
Budapest
Landmarks
Bridges
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Squares
and
streets
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Deák Ferenc Square
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Heroes' Square
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Oktogon
Small Boulevard
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Other
Anker Palace
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Millennium Underground Railway
F-4 Object
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I.
Várkerület
II.
2nd district
III.
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IV.
Újpest
V.
Belváros-Lipótváros
VI.
Terézváros
VII.
Erzsébetváros
VIII.
Józsefváros
IX.
Ferencváros
X.
Kőbánya
XI.
Újbuda
XII.
Hegyvidék
XIII.
13th district
XIV.
Zugló
XV.
15th district
XVI.
16th district
XVII.
Rákosmente
XVIII.
Pestszentlőrinc-Pestszentimre
XIX.
Kispest
XX.
Pesterzsébet
XXI.
Csepel
XXII.
Budafok-Tétény
XXIII.
Soroksár
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Category
Budapest Metro
Vörösmarty tér
Deák Ferenc tér
Bajcsy-Zsilinszky út
Opera
Oktogon
Vörösmarty utca
Kodály körönd
Bajza utca
Hősök tere
Állatkert
(until 1973)
Széchenyi fürdő
Mexikói út
Örs vezér tere
Pillangó utca
Puskás Ferenc Stadion
Keleti pályaudvar
Blaha Lujza tér
Astoria
Deák Ferenc tér
Kossuth Lajos tér
Batthyány tér
Széll Kálmán tér
Déli pályaudvar
Kőbánya-Kispest
Határ út
Pöttyös utca
Ecseri út
Népliget
Nagyvárad tér
Semmelweis Klinikák
Corvin-negyed
Kálvin tér
Ferenciek tere
Deák Ferenc tér
Arany János utca
Nyugati pályaudvar
Lehel tér
Dózsa György út
Göncz Árpád városközpont
Forgách utca
Gyöngyösi utca
Újpest-városkapu
Újpest-központ
Kelenföld vasútállomás
Bikás park
Újbuda-központ
Móricz Zsigmond körtér
Szent Gellért tér – Műegyetem
Fővám tér
Kálvin tér
Rákóczi tér
II. János Pál pápa tér
Keleti pályaudvar
See also:
Metro Line M5 (Budapest Metro)
BKV
BHÉV
VEKE
Underground Railway Museum
Public transport in Budapest
Budapesti Közlekedési Központ
Budapesti Közlekedési Zrt.
Metro
HÉV
Train
Suburban trains in Budapest
Ship
Tram
1A
2B
12
14
17
19
23
24
28
28A
37
37A
41
42
47
48
49
50
51
51A
52
56
56A
59
59A
59B
60
61
62
62A
69
Trolleybus
70
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
Bus
BKK buses (5–298)
Airport
express:
100E
200E
Nocturnal lines (901–999)
Bus
Suburban buses (300–898)
Other
Gyermekvasút
Budavári Sikló
Libegő
Fogaskerekű
Rapid transit
in Europe
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Ukraine
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United Kingdom
Docklands Light Railway
Glasgow Subway
London Underground
Tyne and Wear Metro
Italics
: under construction.
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Budapest Metro
1896 establishments in Hungary
Railway lines opened in 1896
History of Budapest
Underground rapid transit in Hungary
Railway lines in Hungary
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