Darwin Core List of Terms

Title: Darwin Core List of Terms
Date version issued: 2023-09-18
Date created: 2020-08-12
Part of TDWG Standard: http://www.tdwg.org/standards/450
This version: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/2023-09-18
Latest version: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/
Previous version: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/2023-09-13
Replaced by: http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/2025-06-12
Abstract: Darwin Core is a vocabulary standard for transmitting information about biodiversity. This document lists all terms in namespaces currently used in the vocabulary.
Contributors: John Wieczorek (VertNet), Peter Desmet (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), Steve Baskauf (Vanderbilt University Libraries), Tim Robertson (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), Markus Döring (Global Biodiversity Information Facility), Quentin Groom (Botanic Garden Meise), Stijn Van Hoey (Instituut voor Natuur- en Bosonderzoek (INBO)), David Bloom (VertNet), Paula Zermoglio (VertNet), Robert Guralnick (University of Florida), John Deck (Genomic Biodiversity Working Group), Gail Kampmeier (Illinois Natural History Survey), Dave Vieglais (KU Natural History Museum), Renato De Giovanni (Centro de Referência em Informação Ambiental), Campbell Webb (TDWG RDF/OWL Task Group), Paul J. Morris (Harvard University Herbaria/Museum of Comparative Zoölogy), Mark Schildhauer (National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis), Sophia Ratcliffe (National Biodiversity Network Trust), Teresa J. Mayfield-Meyer (The University of New Mexico, Arctos), Christian Bölling (Museum für Naturkunde Berlin - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung)
Creator: Darwin Core Maintenance Group
Bibliographic citation: Darwin Core Maintenance Group. 2023. Darwin Core List of Terms. Biodiversity Information Standards (TDWG). http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/doc/list/2023-09-18

1 Introduction (Informative)

This document contains terms that are part of the most recent version of the Darwin Core vocabulary (http://rs.tdwg.org/version/dwc/2023-09-18).

This document includes terms in four namespaces that contain recommended terms: dwc:, dwciri:, dc:, and dcterms:. However, some terms in these namespaces are deprecated or superseded and should no longer be used. Deprecation or supersession is noted in the term metadata. Namespaces that contain only deprecated terms are not included in this document, but metadata about those terms can be retrieved by dereferencing their IRIs.

For a simplified list that contains only the currently recommended terms, see the Darwin Core Quick Reference Guide.

1.1 Status of the content of this document

Sections 1 and 3 are non-normative.

Section 2 is normative.

In Section 4, the values of the Term IRI and Definition are normative. The values of Term Name are non-normative, although one can expect that the namespace abbreviation prefix is one commonly used for the term namespace. Label and the values of all other properties (such as Examples and Notes) are non-normative.

1.2 RFC 2119 key words

The key words “MUST”, “MUST NOT”, “REQUIRED”, “SHALL”, “SHALL NOT”, “SHOULD”, “SHOULD NOT”, “RECOMMENDED”, “MAY”, and “OPTIONAL” in this document are to be interpreted as described in BCP 14 [RFC 2119] and [RFC 8174] when, and only when, they appear in all capitals, as shown here.

1.3 Namespace abbreviations

The following namespace abbreviations are used in this document:

abbreviation	IRI
dwc:	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/
dwciri:	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/
dc:	http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/
dcterms:	http://purl.org/dc/terms/

2 Use of Terms

Due to the requirements of Section 1.4.3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide, terms in the dwciri: namespace MUST be used with IRI values. Terms in the dwc: and dc: namespaces are generally expected to have string literal values. Values for terms in the dcterms: namespace will depend on the details of the term. See Section 3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.

3 Term indices

3.1 Index By Term Name

(See also 3.2 Index By Label)

Classes

Record level

Dublin Core legacy namespace

dc:language | dc:type

Dublin Core terms namespace

Occurrence

Organism

Material Entity

Material Sample

dwc:materialSampleID

Event

Location

Geological Context

Identification

Taxon

Measurement or Fact

Resource Relationship

IRI-value terms

3.2 Index By Label

(See also 3.1 Index By Term Name)

Classes

Record level

Dublin Core legacy namespace

Language | Type

Dublin Core terms namespace

Occurrence

Organism

Material Entity

Material Sample

Material Sample ID

Event

Location

Geological Context

Identification

Taxon

Measurement or Fact

Resource Relationship

IRI-value terms

4 Vocabulary

Term Name dwc:acceptedNameUsage
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsage
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/acceptedNameUsage-2023-06-28
Label	Accepted Name Usage
Definition	The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) dwc:Taxon.
Notes	The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known, of the accepted (botanical) or valid (zoological) name in cases where the provided dwc:scientificName is considered by the reference indicated in the dwc:accordingTo property, or of the content provider, to be a synonym or misapplied name. When applied to a dwc:Organism or dwc:Occurrence, this term should be used in cases where a content provider regards the provided dwc:scientificName to be inconsistent with the taxonomic perspective of the content provider. For example, there are many discrepancies within specimen collections and observation datasets between the recorded name (e.g., the most recent identification from an expert who examined a specimen, or a field identification for an observed dwc:Organism), and the name asserted by the content provider to be taxonomically accepted.
Examples	`Tamias minimus` (valid name for `Eutamias minimus`)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:acceptedNameUsageID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsageID
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/acceptedNameUsageID-2023-06-28
Label	Accepted Name Usage ID
Definition	An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon.
Notes	This term should be used for synonyms or misapplied names to refer to the dwc:taxonID of a dwc:Taxon record that represents the accepted (botanical) or valid (zoological) name. For Darwin Core Archives the related record should be present locally in the same archive.
Examples	`tsn:41107` (ITIS) `urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2` (IPNI) `2704179` (GBIF) `6W3C4` (COL)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:acceptedTaxonID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedTaxonID
Modified	2009-09-21
Label	Accepted Taxon ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/acceptedNameUsageID
Definition	An identifier for the name of the currently valid (zoological) or accepted (botanical) taxon. See acceptedTaxon.
Notes	Example: "8fa58e08-08de-4ac1-b69c-1235340b7001"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:AccessConstraints
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/AccessConstraints
Modified	2009-09-21
Label	Access Constraints
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://purl.org/dc/terms/accessRights
Definition	A description of constraints on the use of the data as shared or access to further data that is not shared.
Notes	Example: "not-for-profit use only".
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/IPRStatements
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:accordingTo
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/accordingTo
Modified	2020-08-06
Label	According To
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Abstract term to attribute information to a source.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:accuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/accuracy
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Accuracy
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Abstract term to capture error information about a measurement or fact.
ABCD equivalence	DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:associatedReferences
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/associatedReferences
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/associatedReferences-2023-06-28
Label	Associated References
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers (publication, bibliographic reference, global unique identifier, URI) of literature associated with the dwc:Occurrence.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). Note that the dwc:ResourceRelationship class is an alternative means of representing associations, and with more detail. Note also that the intended usage of the term dcterms:references in Darwin Core when applied to a dwc:Occurrence is to point to the definitive source representation of that dwc:Occurrence if one is available. Note also that the intended usage of dcterms:bibliographicCitation in Darwin Core when applied to a dwc:Occurrence is to provide the preferred way to cite the dwc:Occurrence itself.
Examples	`http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/322/5899/261` `Christopher J. Conroy, Jennifer L. Neuwald. 2008. Phylogeographic study of the California vole, Microtus californicus Journal of Mammalogy, 89(3):755-767.` `Steven R. Hoofer and Ronald A. Van Den Bussche. 2001. Phylogenetic Relationships of Plecotine Bats and Allies Based on Mitochondrial Ribosomal Sequences. Journal of Mammalogy 82(1):131-137. \| Walker, Faith M., Jeffrey T. Foster, Kevin P. Drees, Carol L. Chambers. 2014. Spotted bat (Euderma maculatum) microsatellite discovery using illumina sequencing. Conservation Genetics Resources.`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/UnitReferences
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:associatedTaxa
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/associatedTaxa
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/associatedTaxa-2023-06-28
Label	Associated Taxa
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of identifiers or names of dwc:Taxon records and the associations of this dwc:Occurrence to each of them.
Notes	This term can be used to provide a list of associations to dwc:Taxon records other than the one defined in the dwc:Occurrence. Note that the dwc:ResourceRelationship class is an alternative means of representing associations, and with more detail. This term is not apt for establishing relationships between dwc:Taxon records, only between specific dwc:Occurrences of a dwc:Organism with other dwc:Taxon records. Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ).
Examples	`"host":"Quercus alba"` `"host":"gbif.org/species/2879737"` `"parasitoid of":"Cyclocephala signaticollis" \| "predator of":"Apis mellifera"`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Synecology/AssociatedTaxa
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwciri:behavior
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/behavior
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/behavior-2023-06-28
Label	Behavior (IRI)
Definition	A description of the behavior shown by the subject at the time the dwc:Occurrence was recorded.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Terms in the dwciri namespace are intended to be used in RDF with non-literal objects.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:behavior
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/behavior
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/behavior-2023-06-28
Label	Behavior
Definition	The behavior shown by the subject at the time the dwc:Occurrence was recorded.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`roosting` `foraging` `running`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:binomial
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/binomial
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Binomial
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The combination of genus and first (species) epithet of the scientificName.
Notes	Example: "Ctenomys sociabilis"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Synecology/AssociatedTaxa/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/FullScientificNameString
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:caste
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/caste
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/caste-2023-06-28
Label	Caste
Definition	Categorisation of individuals for eusocial species (including some mammals and arthropods).
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary that aligns best with the dwc:Taxon. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`queen` `male alate` `intercaste` `minor worker` `soldier` `ergatoid`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:CatalogNumberNumeric
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/CatalogNumberNumeric
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Catalog Number Numeric
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The numeric value of the catalogNumber, used to facilitate numerical sorting and searching by ranges.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/UnitIDNumeric
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:class
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/class
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/class-2023-06-28
Label	Class
Definition	The full scientific name of the class in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = classis
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:continent
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/continent
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/continent-2023-06-28
Label	Continent
Definition	The name of the continent in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples	`Africa` `Antarctica` `Asia` `Europe` `North America` `Oceania` `South America`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Continent
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:coordinatePrecision
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/coordinatePrecision
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/coordinatePrecision-2023-06-28
Label	Coordinate Precision
Definition	A decimal representation of the precision of the coordinates given in the dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude.
Examples	`0.00001` (normal GPS limit for decimal degrees) `0.000278` (nearest second) `0.01667` (nearest minute) `1.0` (nearest degree)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLong/ISOAccuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLong/AccuracyStatement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:coordinateUncertaintyInMeters
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/coordinateUncertaintyInMeters
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/coordinateUncertaintyInMeters-2023-06-28
Label	Coordinate Uncertainty In Meters
Definition	The horizontal distance (in meters) from the given dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude describing the smallest circle containing the whole of the dcterms:Location. Leave the value empty if the uncertainty is unknown, cannot be estimated, or is not applicable (because there are no coordinates). Zero is not a valid value for this term.
Examples	`30` (reasonable lower limit on or after 2000-05-01 of a GPS reading under good conditions if the actual precision was not recorded at the time) `100` (reasonable lower limit before 2000-05-01 of a GPS reading under good conditions if the actual precision was not recorded at the time) `71` (uncertainty for a UTM coordinate having 100 meter precision and a known spatial reference system)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/CoordinateErrorDistanceInMeters
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:country
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/country
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/country-2023-06-28
Label	Country
Definition	The name of the country or major administrative unit in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Country/Name
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:countryCode
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/countryCode
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/countryCode-2023-06-28
Label	Country Code
Definition	The standard code for the country in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an ISO 3166-1-alpha-2 country code. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Country/ISO3166Code
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:county
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/county
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/county-2023-06-28
Label	Second Order Division
Definition	The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than stateProvince (county, shire, department, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples	`Missoula` `Los Lagos` `Mataró`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= County
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:dataGeneralizations
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/dataGeneralizations
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/dataGeneralizations-2023-06-28
Label	Data Generalizations
Definition	Actions taken to make the shared data less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of higher quality may be available on request.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Coordinates generalized from original GPS coordinates to the nearest half degree grid cell`.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:Dataset
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Dataset
Modified	2009-09-11
Label	Dataset
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The category of information pertaining to a logical set of records.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:dateIdentified
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/dateIdentified
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/dateIdentified-2023-06-28
Label	Date Identified
Definition	The date on which the subject was determined as representing the dwc:Taxon.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Date/DateText
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19

Term Name dwc:decimalLatitude
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLatitude
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/decimalLatitude-2023-06-28
Label	Decimal Latitude
Definition	The geographic latitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are north of the Equator, negative values are south of it. Legal values lie between -90 and 90, inclusive.
Examples	`-41.0983423`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/LatitudeDecimal
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:decimalLongitude
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/decimalLongitude
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/decimalLongitude-2023-06-28
Label	Decimal Longitude
Definition	The geographic longitude (in decimal degrees, using the spatial reference system given in dwc:geodeticDatum) of the geographic center of a dcterms:Location. Positive values are east of the Greenwich Meridian, negative values are west of it. Legal values lie between -180 and 180, inclusive.
Examples	`-121.1761111`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/LongitudeDecimal
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:disposition
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/disposition
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/disposition-2023-06-28
Label	Disposition (IRI)
Definition	The current state of a specimen with respect to the collection identified in dwc:collectionCode or dwc:collectionID.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Terms in the dwciri namespace are intended to be used in RDF with non-literal objects.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:DwCType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/DwCType
Modified	2014-10-23
Label	Darwin Core Type
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The set of classes specified by the Darwin Core Type Vocabulary, used to categorize the nature or genre of the resource.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	http://purl.org/dc/dcam/VocabularyEncodingScheme

Term Name dwc:dynamicProperties
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/dynamicProperties
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/dynamicProperties-2023-06-28
Label	Dynamic Properties
Definition	A list of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the record. Meant to provide a mechanism for structured content.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a key:value encoding schema for a data interchange format such as JSON.
Examples	`{"heightInMeters":1.5}` `{"targusLengthInMeters":0.014, "weightInGrams":120}` `{"natureOfID":"expert identification", "identificationEvidence":"cytochrome B sequence"}` `{"relativeHumidity":28, "airTemperatureInCelsius":22, "sampleSizeInKilograms":10}` `{"aspectHeading":277, "slopeInDegrees":6}` `{"iucnStatus":"vulnerable", "taxonDistribution":"Neuquén, Argentina"}`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:EarliestDateCollected
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EarliestDateCollected
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Earliest Date Collected
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate
Definition	The earliest date-time in a period during which a event occurred. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Notes	Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:earliestGeochronologicalEra
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/earliestGeochronologicalEra
Modified	2023-09-13
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/earliestGeochronologicalEra-2023-09-13
Label	Earliest Geochronological Era
Definition	Use to link a dwc:GeologicalContext instance to chronostratigraphic time periods at the lowest possible level in a standardized hierarchy. Use this property to point to the earliest possible geological time period from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI from a controlled vocabulary. A "convenience property" that replaces Darwin Core literal-value terms related to geological context. See Section 2.7.6 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-09-13_41

Term Name dwc:endDayOfYear
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/endDayOfYear
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/endDayOfYear-2023-06-28
Label	End Day Of Year
Definition	The latest integer day of the year on which the dwc:Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).
Examples	`1` (1 January) `32` (1 February) `366` (31 December) `365` (30 December in a leap year, 31 December in a non-leap year)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/DateTime/DayNumberEnd
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EndTimeOfDay
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EndTimeOfDay
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	End Time of Day
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventTime
Definition	The time of day when the event ended, expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time.
Notes	Examples: "12.0" (= noon), "13.5" (= 1:30pm)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/DateTime/TimeOfDayEnd
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttribute
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttribute
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Container class for information about attributes related to a given sampling event.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeAccuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeAccuracy
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute Accuracy
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementAccuracy
Definition	The description of the error associated with the EventAttributeValue.
Notes	Example: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
ABCD equivalence	DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeDeterminedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeDeterminedBy
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute Determined By
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementDeterminedBy
Definition	The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Notes	Example: "Robert Hijmans"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeDeterminedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeDeterminedDate
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute Determined Date
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementDeterminedDate
Definition	The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event was made.
Notes	Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeRemarks
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeRemarks
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute Remarks
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Notes	Example: "temperature taken at 15:00"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventAttributes
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements or characteristics of the Event.
Notes	Example: "Relative humidity: 28 %; Temperature: 22 C; Sample size: 10 kg"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeUnit
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute Unit
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementUnit
Definition	The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Notes	Example: "C"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:EventAttributeValue
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/EventAttributeValue
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Event Attribute
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementValue
Definition	The value of the measurement or characteristic of the sampling event.
Notes	Example: "22"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventDate-2023-06-28
Label	Event Date
Definition	The date-time or interval during which a dwc:Event occurred. For occurrences, this is the date-time when the dwc:Event was recorded. Not suitable for a time in a geological context.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin and DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventID-2023-06-28
Label	Event ID
Definition	An identifier for the set of information associated with a dwc:Event (something that occurs at a place and time). May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Examples	`INBO:VIS:Ev:00009375`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Code
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementAccuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementAccuracy
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Accuracy
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementAccuracy
Definition	The description of the error associated with the EventAttributeValue.
Notes	Example: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
ABCD equivalence	DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementDeterminedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementDeterminedBy
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Determined By
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementDeterminedBy
Definition	The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the event.
Notes	Example: "Robert Hijmans"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementDeterminedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementDeterminedDate
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Determined Date
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementDeterminedDate
Definition	The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the event was made. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Notes	Examples: "1963-03-08T14:07-0600" is 8 Mar 1963 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC, "2009-02-20T08:40Z" is 20 Feb 2009 8:40am UTC, "1809-02-12" is 12 Feb 1809, "1906-06" is Jun 1906, "1971" is just that year, "2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z" is the interval between 1 Mar 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC, "2007-11-13/15" is the interval between 13 Nov 2007 and 15 Nov 2007.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementType
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Type
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementType
Definition	The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the event. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Notes	Example: "temperature"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementUnit
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Unit
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementUnit
Definition	The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the event. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Notes	Example: "C"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventMeasurementValue
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventMeasurementValue
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Event Measurement Value
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementValue
Definition	The value of the measurement or characteristic of the event.
Notes	Example: "22"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:eventTime
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventTime
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventTime-2023-06-28
Label	Event Time
Definition	The time or interval during which a dwc:Event occurred.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a time of day that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`14:07-0600` (2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `08:40:21Z` (8:40:21am UTC) `13:00:00Z/15:30:00Z` (the interval between 1pm UTC and 3:30pm UTC)
ABCD equivalence	accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin and DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:eventType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventType
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/eventType-2023-06-28
Label	Event Type
Definition	The nature of the dwc:Event.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Regardless of the dwc:eventType, the interval of the dwc:Event can be captured in dwc:eventDate. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Sample` `Observation` `Site Visit` `Biotic Interaction` `Bioblitz` `Expedition` `Survey` `Project`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:family
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/family
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/family-2023-06-28
Label	Family
Definition	The full scientific name of the family in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = familia
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:fieldNotes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/fieldNotes
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/fieldNotes-2023-06-28
Label	Field Notes (IRI)
Definition	One of a) an indicator of the existence of, b) a reference to (publication, URI), or c) the text of notes taken in the field about the dwc:Event.
Notes	The subject is a dwc:Event instance and the object is a (possibly IRI-identified) resource that is the field notes.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:fieldNotes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/fieldNotes
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/fieldNotes-2023-06-28
Label	Field Notes
Definition	One of a) an indicator of the existence of, b) a reference to (publication, URI), or c) the text of notes taken in the field about the dwc:Event.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Notes available in the Grinnell-Miller Library.`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/FieldNotes
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:fieldNumber
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/fieldNumber
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/fieldNumber-2023-06-28
Label	Field Number (IRI)
Definition	An identifier given to the event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the dwc:Event.
Notes	The subject is a (possibly IRI-identified) resource that is the field notes and the object is a dwc:Event instance.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:fieldNumber
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/fieldNumber
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/fieldNumber-2023-06-28
Label	Field Number
Definition	An identifier given to the dwc:Event in the field. Often serves as a link between field notes and the dwc:Event.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`RV Sol 87-03-08`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Code
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:footprintSpatialFit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/footprintSpatialFit
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/footprintSpatialFit-2023-06-28
Label	Footprint Spatial Fit
Definition	The ratio of the area of the dwc:footprintWKT to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the dcterms:Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given dwc:footprintWKT does not completely contain the original representation. The dwc:footprintSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is any geometry without area (e.g., a point or polyline) and without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same geometry (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the dwc:footprintSpatialFit is 1.
Notes	Detailed explanations with graphical examples can be found in the Georeferencing Best Practices, Chapman and Wieczorek, 2020 (https://doi.org/10.15468/doc-gg7h-s853).
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/FootprintSpatialFit
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:footprintSRS
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/footprintSRS
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/footprintSRS-2023-06-28
Label	Footprint SRS
Definition	The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geometry given in dwc:footprintWKT is based.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use the EPSG code of the SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value `unknown`. It is also permitted to provide the SRS in Well-Known-Text, especially if no EPSG code provides the necessary values for the attributes of the SRS. Do not use this term to describe the SRS of the dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude, nor of any verbatim coordinates - use the dwc:geodeticDatum and dwc:verbatimSRS instead. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`epsg:4326` `GEOGCS["GCS_WGS_1984", DATUM["D_WGS_1984", SPHEROID["WGS_1984",6378137,298.257223563]], PRIMEM["Greenwich",0], UNIT["Degree",0.0174532925199433]]` (WKT for the standard WGS84 Spatial Reference System EPSG:4326)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwciri:footprintWKT
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/footprintWKT
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/footprintWKT-2023-06-28
Label	Footprint WKT (IRI)
Definition	A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the dcterms:Location. A dcterms:Location may have both a point-radius representation (see dwc:decimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other.
Notes	Terms in the dwciri namespace are intended to be used in RDF with non-literal objects.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:footprintWKT
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/footprintWKT
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/footprintWKT-2023-06-28
Label	Footprint WKT
Definition	A Well-Known Text (WKT) representation of the shape (footprint, geometry) that defines the dcterms:Location. A dcterms:Location may have both a point-radius representation (see dwc:decimalLatitude) and a footprint representation, and they may differ from each other.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`POLYGON ((10 20, 11 20, 11 21, 10 21, 10 20))` (the one-degree bounding box with opposite corners at longitude=10, latitude=20 and longitude=11, latitude=21)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/FootprintWKT (ABCD v2.06b)
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:fromLithostratigraphicUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/fromLithostratigraphicUnit
Modified	2015-03-27
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/fromLithostratigraphicUnit-2015-03-27
Label	From Lithostratigraphic Unit
Definition	Use to link a dwc:GeologicalContext instance to an IRI-identified lithostratigraphic unit at the lowest possible level in a hierarchy.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI from a controlled vocabulary. A "convenience property" that replaces Darwin Core literal-value terms related to geological context. See Section 2.7.7 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:Generalizations
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Generalizations
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Generalizations
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/dataGeneralizations
Definition	Actions taken to make the data as shared less specific or complete than in its original form. Suggests that alternative data of highly quality may be available on request.
Notes	Examples: "Coordinates generalized from original GPS coordinates to the nearest half degree grid cell", "locality information given only to nearest county".
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:genericName
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genericName
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/genericName-2023-06-28
Label	Generic Name
Definition	The genus part of the dwc:scientificName without authorship.
Notes	For synonyms the accepted genus and the genus part of the name may be different. The term dwc:genericName should be used together with dwc:specificEpithet to form a binomial and with dwc:infraspecificEpithet to form a trinomial. The term dwc:genericName should only be used for combinations. Uninomials of generic rank do not have a dwc:genericName.
Examples	`Felis` (for scientificName `Felis concolor`, with accompanying values of `Puma concolor` in acceptedNameUsage and `Puma` in genus)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwc:genus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/genus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/genus-2023-06-28
Label	Genus
Definition	The full scientific name of the genus in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Viral/GenusOrMonomial or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/GenusOrMonomial}
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:geodeticDatum
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/geodeticDatum
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/geodeticDatum-2023-06-28
Label	Geodetic Datum (IRI)
Definition	The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic coordinates given in dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude is based.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI for the EPSG code of the SRS, if known. Otherwise use an IRI or controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use an IRI or controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value `unknown`.
Examples	`https://epsg.io/4326`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:geodeticDatum
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/geodeticDatum
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/geodeticDatum-2023-06-28
Label	Geodetic Datum
Definition	The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which the geographic coordinates given in dwc:decimalLatitude and dwc:decimalLongitude are based.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use the EPSG code of the SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value `unknown`. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`EPSG:4326` `WGS84` `NAD27` `Campo Inchauspe` `European 1950` `Clarke 1866` `unknown`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/SpatialDatum
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:georeferencedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferencedBy
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/georeferencedBy-2023-06-28
Label	Georeferenced By
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the georeference (spatial representation) for the dcterms:Location.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Brad Millen (ROM)` `Kristina Yamamoto \| Janet Fang`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:georeferencedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferencedDate
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/georeferencedDate-2023-06-28
Label	Georeferenced Date
Definition	The date on which the dcterms:Location was georeferenced.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2011-10-16_9

Term Name dwc:georeferenceRemarks
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferenceRemarks
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/georeferenceRemarks-2023-06-28
Label	Georeference Remarks
Definition	Notes or comments about the spatial description determination, explaining assumptions made in addition or opposition to the those formalized in the method referred to in dwc:georeferenceProtocol.
Examples	`Assumed distance by road (Hwy. 101)`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/GeoreferenceRemarks
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:georeferenceSources
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferenceSources
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/georeferenceSources-2023-06-28
Label	Georeference Sources
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of maps, gazetteers, or other resources used to georeference the dcterms:Location, described specifically enough to allow anyone in the future to use the same resources.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/GeoreferenceSources
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:georeferenceVerificationStatus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/georeferenceVerificationStatus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/georeferenceVerificationStatus-2023-06-28
Label	Georeference Verification Status
Definition	A categorical description of the extent to which the georeference has been verified to represent the best possible spatial description for the dcterms:Location of the dwc:Occurrence.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`unable to georeference` `requires georeference` `requires verification` `verified by data custodian` `verified by contributor`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/GeoreferenceVerificationStatus
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwc:habitat
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/habitat
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/habitat-2023-06-28
Label	Habitat
Definition	A category or description of the habitat in which the dwc:Event occurred.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`oak savanna` `pre-cordilleran steppe`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/Text
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:higherClassification
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherClassification
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/higherClassification-2023-06-28
Label	Higher Classification
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of taxa names terminating at the rank immediately superior to the referenced dwc:Taxon.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ), with terms in order from the highest taxonomic rank to the lowest.
Examples	`Plantae \| Tracheophyta \| Magnoliopsida \| Ranunculales \| Ranunculaceae \| Ranunculus` `Animalia` `Animalia \| Chordata \| Vertebrata \| Mammalia \| Theria \| Eutheria \| Rodentia \| Hystricognatha \| Hystricognathi \| Ctenomyidae \| Ctenomyini \| Ctenomys`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:higherGeography
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherGeography
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/higherGeography-2023-06-28
Label	Higher Geography
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of geographic names less specific than the information captured in the dwc:locality term.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ), with terms in order from least specific to most specific.
Examples	`North Atlantic Ocean` `South America \| Argentina \| Patagonia \| Parque Nacional Nahuel Huapi \| Neuquén \| Los Lagos` with accompanying values `South America` (continent) `Argentina` (country), `Neuquén` (first order division), and `Los Lagos` (second order division)
ABCD equivalence	{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/LocalityText or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName}
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:HigherTaxon
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/HigherTaxon
Modified	2009-08-24
Label	Higher Taxon
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of the names for the taxonomic ranks less specific than the ScientificName.
Notes	Example: "Animalia, Chordata, Vertebrata, Mammalia, Theria, Eutheria, Rodentia, Hystricognatha, Hystricognathi, Ctenomyidae, Ctenomyini, Ctenomys".
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:higherTaxonconceptID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherTaxonconceptID
Modified	2009-08-24
Label	Higher Taxon Concept ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A unique identifier for the taxon concept less specific than that given in the taxonConceptID.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:higherTaxonName
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherTaxonName
Modified	2009-08-24
Label	Higher Taxon Name
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/higherClassification
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of the names for the taxonomic ranks less specific than that given in the scientificName.
Notes	Example: "Animalia; Chordata; Vertebrata; Mammalia; Theria; Eutheria; Rodentia; Hystricognatha; Hystricognathi; Ctenomyidae; Ctenomyini; Ctenomys"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:identificationAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identificationAttributes
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Identification Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the Identification.
Notes	Example: "natureOfID=expert identification; identificationEvidence=cytochrome B sequence"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:identificationQualifier
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identificationQualifier
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/identificationQualifier-2023-06-28
Label	Identification Qualifier
Definition	A brief phrase or a standard term ("cf.", "aff.") to express the determiner's doubts about the dwc:Identification.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia` (for `Quercus aff. agrifolia var. oxyadenia` with accompanying values `Quercus` in genus, `agrifolia` in specificEpithet, `oxyadenia` in infraspecificEpithet, and `var.` in taxonRank) `cf. var. oxyadenia` (for `Quercus agrifolia cf. var. oxyadenia` with accompanying values `Quercus` in genus, `agrifolia` in specificEpithet, `oxyadenia` in infraspecificEpithet, and `var.` in taxonRank)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/IdentificationQualifier
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19

Term Name dwc:identificationReferences
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/identificationReferences
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/identificationReferences-2023-06-28
Label	Identification References
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of references (publication, global unique identifier, URI) used in the dwc:Identification.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ).
Examples	`Aves del Noroeste Patagonico. Christie et al. 2004.` `Stebbins, R. Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians. 3rd Edition. 2003. \| Irschick, D.J. and Shaffer, H.B. (1997). The polytypic species revisited: Morphological differentiation among tiger salamanders (Ambystoma tigrinum) (Amphibia: Caudata). Herpetologica, 53(1), 30-49.`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/References
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwciri:inCollection
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/inCollection
Modified	2015-03-27
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/inCollection-2015-03-27
Label	In Collection
Definition	Use to link any subject resource that is part of a collection to the collection containing the resource.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI from a controlled registry. A "convenience property" that replaces literal-value terms related to collections and institutions. See Section 2.7.3 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:individualID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/individualID
Modified	2014-10-23
Label	Individual ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/organismID
Definition	An identifier for an individual or named group of individual organisms represented in the Occurrence. Meant to accommodate resampling of the same individual or group for monitoring purposes. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to a data set.
Notes	Examples: "U.amer. 44", "Smedley", "Orca J 23"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/NamedIndividual or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/ObservationUnit/ObservationUnitIdentifiers/ObservationUnitIdentifier or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/Accessions/AccessionNumber
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-26_14
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:informationWithheld
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/informationWithheld
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/informationWithheld-2023-06-28
Label	Information Withheld
Definition	Additional information that exists, but that has not been shared in the given record.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`location information not given for endangered species` `collector identities withheld \| ask about tissue samples`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/InformationWithheld
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:infragenericEpithet
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infragenericEpithet
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/infragenericEpithet-2023-06-28
Label	Infrageneric Epithet
Definition	The infrageneric part of a binomial name at ranks above species but below genus.
Notes	The term dwc:infragenericEpithet should be used in conjunction with dwc:genericName, dwc:specificEpithet, dwc:infraspecificEpithet, dwc:taxonRank and dwc:scientificNameAuthorship to represent the individual elements of the complete dwc:scientificName. It can be used to indicate the subgenus placement of a species, which in zoology is often given in parentheses. Can also be used to share infrageneric names such as botanical sections (e.g., `Vicia sect. Cracca`).
Examples	`Abacetillus` (for scientificName `Abacetus (Abacetillus) ambiguus`) `Cracca` (for scientificName `Vicia sect. Cracca`)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/Subgenus (for bacterial names) or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/Subgenus (for zoological names) or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/FirstEpithet (for botanical names)
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwc:infraspecificEpithet
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/infraspecificEpithet
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/infraspecificEpithet-2023-06-28
Label	Infraspecific Epithet
Definition	The name of the lowest or terminal infraspecific epithet of the dwc:scientificName, excluding any rank designation.
Notes	In botany, name strings in literature and identifications may have multiple infraspecific ranks. According to the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Schenzhen Code Articles 6.7 & Art. 24.1), valid names only have two epithets, with the lowest rank being the dwc:infraspecificEpithet. For example: the dwc:infraspecificEpithet in the string `Indigofera charlieriana subsp. sessilis var. scaberrima` is `scaberrima` and the dwc:scientificName is `Indigofera charlieriana var. scaberrima (Schinz) J.B.Gillett`. Use dwc:verbatimIdentification for the full name string used in a dwc:Identification.
Examples	`concolor` (for scientificName `Puma concolor concolor (Linnaeus, 1771)`) `oxyadenia` (for scientificName `Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. Howell`) `laxa` (for scientificName `Cheilanthes hirta f. laxa (Kunze) W.Jacobsen & N.Jacobsen`) `scaberrima` (for scientificName `Indigofera charlieriana var. scaberrima (Schinz) J.B.Gillett`)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/SubspeciesEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/SecondEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/SubspeciesEpithet
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:island
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/island
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/island-2023-06-28
Label	Island
Definition	The name of the island on or near which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples	`Nosy Be` `Bikini Atoll` `Vancouver` `Viti Levu` `Zanzibar`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Island
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:islandGroup
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/islandGroup
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/islandGroup-2023-06-28
Label	Island Group
Definition	The name of the island group in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples	`Alexander Archipelago` `Archipiélago Diego Ramírez` `Seychelles`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Island group
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:kingdom
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/kingdom
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/kingdom-2023-06-28
Label	Kingdom
Definition	The full scientific name of the kingdom in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples	`Animalia` `Archaea` `Bacteria` `Chromista` `Fungi` `Plantae` `Protozoa` `Viruses`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = regnum
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:LatestDateCollected
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/LatestDateCollected
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Latest Date Collected
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventDate
Definition	The latest date-time in a period during which a event occurred. If the event is recorded as occurring at a single date-time, populate both EarliestDateCollected and LatestDateCollected with the same value. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Notes	Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeEnd
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:latestGeochronologicalEra
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/latestGeochronologicalEra
Modified	2023-09-13
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/latestGeochronologicalEra-2023-09-13
Label	Latest Geochronological Era
Definition	Use to link a dwc:GeologicalContext instance to chronostratigraphic time periods at the lowest possible level in a standardized hierarchy. Use this property to point to the latest possible geological time period from which the dwc:MaterialEntity was collected.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI from a controlled vocabulary. A "convenience property" that replaces Darwin Core literal-value terms related to geological context. See Section 2.7.6 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-09-13_41

Term Name dwc:lifeStage
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/lifeStage
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/lifeStage-2023-06-28
Label	Life Stage
Definition	The age class or life stage of the dwc:Organism(s) at the time the dwc:Occurrence was recorded.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`zygote` `larva` `juvenile` `adult` `seedling` `flowering` `fruiting`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalSexualStage or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MycologicalUnit/MycologicalLiveStages/MycologicalLiveStage or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/ZoologicalUnit/PhasesOrStages/PhaseOrStage
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19

Term Name dwciri:lifeStage
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/lifeStage
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/lifeStage-2023-06-28
Label	Life Stage (IRI)
Definition	The age class or life stage of the dwc:Organism(s) at the time the dwc:Occurrence was recorded.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Terms in the dwciri namespace are intended to be used in RDF with non-literal objects.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:locality
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locality
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/locality-2023-06-28
Label	Locality
Definition	The specific description of the place.
Notes	Less specific geographic information can be provided in other geographic terms (dwc:higherGeography, dwc:continent, dwc:country, dwc:stateProvince, dwc:county, dwc:municipality, dwc:waterBody, dwc:island, dwc:islandGroup). This term may contain information modified from the original to correct perceived errors or standardize the description.
Examples	`Bariloche, 25 km NNE via Ruta Nacional 40 (=Ruta 237)` `Queets Rainforest, Olympic National Park`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:locationAccordingTo
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationAccordingTo
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/locationAccordingTo-2023-06-28
Label	Location According To
Definition	Information about the source of this dcterms:Location information. Could be a publication (gazetteer), institution, or team of individuals.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names` `GADM`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:locationAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationAttributes
Modified	2014-10-23
Label	Location Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the location.
Notes	Example: "aspectheading=277; slopeindegrees=6"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:MaterialCitation
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MaterialCitation
Modified	2023-09-18
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/MaterialCitation-2023-09-18
Label	Material Citation
Definition	A reference to or citation of one, a part of, or multiple specimens in scholarly publications.
Notes	This class constitutes a new value for the controlled vocabulary in the recommendations for basisOfRecord. When importing Darwin Core Archives of literature-based datasets to GBIF, the basisOfRecord should be changed from "Occurrence", "PreservedSpecimen" or "Literature" to "MaterialCitation".
Examples	`a citation of a physical specimen from a scientific collection in a taxonomic treatment in a scientific publication` `a citation of a group of physical specimens, such as paratypes in a taxonomic treatment in a scientific publication`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Class
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwc:MaterialEntity
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/MaterialEntity
Modified	2023-09-13
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/MaterialEntity-2023-09-13
Label	Material Entity
Definition	An entity that can be identified, exists for some period of time, and consists in whole or in part of physical matter while it exists.
Notes	The term is defined at the most general level to admit descriptions of any subtype of material entity within the scope of Darwin Core. In particular, any kind of material sample, preserved specimen, fossil, or exemplar from living collections is intended to be subsumed under this term.
Examples	`an instance of a fossil` `an instance of a herbarium sheet with its attached plant specimen` `a particular part of the plant-derived material affixed to a herbarium sheet` `an instance of a frozen tissue sample` `a specific water sample` `an instance of a meteorite fragment` `a particular wolf in a zoo` `a particular pack of wolves in the wild` `an isolated molecule of DNA` `a specific deep-frozen DNA sample` `a particular field notebook` `a particular paper page from a field notebook` `an instance of a printed photograph`
ABCD equivalence	None (Specimen Unit, when used to denote a class of things, appears to be a broadly construed subclass.)
Type	Class
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-09-13_41

Term Name dwc:materialEntityID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/materialEntityID
Modified	2023-09-13
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/materialEntityID-2023-09-13
Label	Material Entity ID
Definition	An identifier for a particular instance of a dwc:MaterialEntity.
Notes	Values of dwc:materialEntityID are intended to uniquely and persistently identify a particular dwc:MaterialEntity within some context. Examples of context include a particular sample collection, an organization, or the worldwide scale. Recommended best practice is to use a persistent, globally unique identifier. The identifier is bound to a physical object (the dwc:MaterialEntity) as opposed to a particular digital record (representation) of that physical object.
Examples	`06809dc5-f143-459a-be1a-6f03e63fc083`
ABCD equivalence	Unit/UnitGUID or Unit/UnitID
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-09-13_41

Term Name dwc:maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters-2023-06-28
Label	Maximum Distance Above Surface In Meters
Definition	The greater distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.
Examples	`-1.5` (below the surface) `4.2` (above the surface) For a 1.5 meter sediment core from the bottom of a lake (at depth 20m) at 300m elevation: verbatimElevation: `300m` minimumElevationInMeters: `300`, maximumElevationInMeters: `300`, verbatimDepth: `20m`, minimumDepthInMeters: `20`, maximumDepthInMeters: `20`, minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: `0`, maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: `-1.5`.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementAccuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementAccuracy
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementAccuracy-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Accuracy
Definition	The description of the potential error associated with the dwc:measurementValue.
Examples	`0.01` `normal distribution with variation of 2 m`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Aspect/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementDeterminedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementDeterminedBy
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementDeterminedBy-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Determined By
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations who determined the value of the dwc:MeasurementOrFact.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`Rob Guralnick` `Peter Desmet \| Stijn Van Hoey`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:measurementDeterminedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementDeterminedDate
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementDeterminedDate-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Determined Date
Definition	The date on which the dwc:MeasurementOrFact was made.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementMethod
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementMethod
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementMethod-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Method
Definition	A description of or reference to (publication, URI) the method or protocol used to determine the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`minimum convex polygon around burrow entrances` (for a home range area) `barometric altimeter` (for an elevation)
ABCD equivalence	/DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method or /DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method or /DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Method
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementType
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementType-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Type
Definition	The nature of the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`tail length` `temperature` `trap line length` `survey area` `trap type`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementUnit
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementUnit-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Unit
Definition	The units associated with the dwc:measurementValue.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use the International System of Units (SI). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`m` `g` `l` `°C` `mm` `km²` `%` `hh:mm:ss`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:measurementValue
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementValue
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/measurementValue-2023-06-28
Label	Measurement Value
Definition	The value of the measurement, fact, characteristic, or assertion.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/SiteMeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Altitude/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Depth/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Biotope/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters-2023-06-28
Label	Minimum Distance Above Surface In Meters
Definition	The lesser distance in a range of distance from a reference surface in the vertical direction, in meters. Use positive values for locations above the surface, negative values for locations below. If depth measures are given, the reference surface is the location given by the depth, otherwise the reference surface is the location given by the elevation.
Examples	`-1.5` (below the surface) `4.2` (above the surface) For a 1.5 meter sediment core from the bottom of a lake (at depth 20m) at 300m elevation: verbatimElevation: `300m` minimumElevationInMeters: `300`, maximumElevationInMeters: `300`, verbatimDepth: `20m`, minimumDepthInMeters: `20`, maximumDepthInMeters: `20`, minimumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: `0`, maximumDistanceAboveSurfaceInMeters: `-1.5`.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Height/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue
Type	Property

Term Name dcterms:modified
Term IRI	http://purl.org/dc/terms/modified
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://dublincore.org/usage/terms/history/#modified-003
Label	Date Modified
Definition	The most recent date-time on which the resource was changed.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19

Term Name dwc:municipality
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/municipality
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/municipality-2023-06-28
Label	Third Order Division
Definition	The full, unabbreviated name of the next smaller administrative region than county (city, municipality, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs. Do not use this term for a nearby named place that does not contain the actual dcterms:Location.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples	`Holzminden` `Araçatuba` `Ga-Segonyana`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:nameAccordingTo
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nameAccordingTo
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/nameAccordingTo-2023-06-28
Label	Name According To
Definition	The reference to the source in which the specific taxon concept circumscription is defined or implied - traditionally signified by the Latin "sensu" or "sec." (from secundum, meaning "according to"). For taxa that result from identifications, a reference to the keys, monographs, experts and other sources should be given.
Notes	This term provides context to the dwc:scientificName. Together with the dwc:scientificName, separated by `sensu` or `sec.`, it forms the taxon concept label, which may be seen as having the same relationship to dwc:taxonConceptID as, for example, dwc:acceptedNameUsage has to dwc:acceptedNameUsageID. When not provided, in Taxon Core data sets the dwc:nameAccordingTo can be taken to be the data set. In this case the data set mostly provides sufficient context to infer the delimitation of the taxon and its relationship with other taxa. In Occurrence Core data sets, when not provided, dwc:nameAccordingTo can be an underlying taxonomy of the data set, e.g. Plants of the World Online (http://powo.science.kew.org/) for vascular plant records in iNaturalist (in which case it should be provided), or, which is the case for most dwc:PreservedSpecimen data sets, the dwc:Identification, in which case there is no further context.
Examples	`Franz NM, Cardona-Duque J (2013) Description of two new species and phylogenetic reassessment of Perelleschus Wibmer & O’Brien, 1986 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), with a complete taxonomic concept history of Perelleschus sec. Franz & Cardona-Duque, 2013. Syst Biodivers. 11: 209–236.` (as the full citation of the Franz & Cardona-Duque (2013) in Perelleschus splendida sec. Franz & Cardona-Duque (2013))
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19

Term Name dwc:namePublishedIn
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/namePublishedIn
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/namePublishedIn-2023-06-28
Label	Name Published In
Definition	A reference for the publication in which the dwc:scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated dwc:nomenclaturalCode.
Notes	A citation of the first publication of the name in its given combination, not the basionym / original name. Recombinations are often not published in zoology, in which case dwc:namePublishedIn should be empty.
Examples	`Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388` `Forel, Auguste, Diagnosies provisoires de quelques espèces nouvelles de fourmis de Madagascar, récoltées par M. Grandidier., Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, Comptes-rendus des Seances 30, 1886`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/NomenclaturalTypeDesignations/NomenclaturalTypeDesignation/NomenclaturalReference/TitleCitation
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:nomenclaturalCode
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nomenclaturalCode
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/nomenclaturalCode-2023-06-28
Label	Nomenclatural Code
Definition	The nomenclatural code (or codes in the case of an ambiregnal name) under which the dwc:scientificName is constructed.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples	`ICN` `ICZN` `BC` `ICNCP` `BioCode`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/Code
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:nomenclaturalStatus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nomenclaturalStatus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/nomenclaturalStatus-2023-06-28
Label	Nomenclatural Status
Definition	The status related to the original publication of the name and its conformance to the relevant rules of nomenclature. It is based essentially on an algorithm according to the business rules of the code. It requires no taxonomic opinion.
Examples	`nom. ambig.` `nom. illeg.` `nom. subnud.`
ABCD equivalence	(DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/NomenclaturalTypeDesignations/NomenclaturalTypeDesignation/NomenclaturalReference/TitleCitation) pro parte
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceAttributes
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the Occurrence.
Notes	Examples: "Tragus length: 14mm; Weight: 120g", "Height: 1-1.5 meters tall; flowers yellow; uncommon".
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceID
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/occurrenceID-2023-06-28
Label	Occurrence ID
Definition	An identifier for the dwc:Occurrence (as opposed to a particular digital record of the dwc:Occurrence). In the absence of a persistent global unique identifier, construct one from a combination of identifiers in the record that will most closely make the dwc:occurrenceID globally unique.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a persistent, globally unique identifier.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/UnitGUID
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:OccurrenceMeasurement
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/OccurrenceMeasurement
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The category of information pertaining to measurements accociated with an occurrence.
ABCD equivalence	Datasets/Dataset/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementAccuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementAccuracy
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Accuracy
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementAccuracy
Definition	The description of the error associated with the occurrenceAttributeValue.
Notes	Example: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementDeterminedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementDeterminedBy
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Determined By
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The agent responsible for having determined the value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence.
Notes	Example: "Javier de la Torre"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasuredBy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementDeterminedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementDeterminedDate
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Determined Date
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementDeterminedDate
Definition	The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence was made. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as ISO 8601:2004(E).
Notes	Examples: "1963-03-08T14:07-0600" is 8 Mar 1963 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC, "2009-02-20T08:40Z" is 20 Feb 2009 8:40am UTC, "1809-02-12" is 12 Feb 1809, "1906-06" is Jun 1906, "1971" is just that year, "2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z" is the interval between 1 Mar 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC, "2007-11-13/15" is the interval between 13 Nov 2007 and 15 Nov 2007.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementType
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Type
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementType
Definition	The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Notes	Example: "tail length"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementUnit
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Unit
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementUnit
Definition	The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Notes	Example: "mm"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceMeasurementValue
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementValue
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Occurrence Measurement Value
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/measurementValue
Definition	The value of the measurement or characteristic of the occurrence.
Notes	Example: "45"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:occurrenceStatus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceStatus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/occurrenceStatus-2023-06-28
Label	Occurrence Status
Definition	A statement about the presence or absence of a dwc:Taxon at a dcterms:Location.
Notes	For dwc:Occurrences, the default vocabulary is recommended to consist of `present` and `absent`, but can be extended by implementers with good justification. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:order
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/order
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/order-2023-06-28
Label	Order
Definition	The full scientific name of the order in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = ordo
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:Organism
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Organism
Modified	2023-09-18
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/Organism-2023-09-18
Label	Organism
Definition	A particular organism or defined group of organisms considered to be taxonomically homogeneous.
Notes	Instances of the dwc:Organism class are intended to facilitate linking one or more dwc:Identification instances to one or more dwc:Occurrence instances. Therefore, things that are typically assigned scientific names (such as viruses, hybrids, and lichens) and aggregates whose dwc:Occurrences are typically recorded (such as packs, clones, and colonies) are included in the scope of this class.
Examples	`a specific bird` `a specific wolf pack` `a specific instance of a bacterial culture`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Class
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-26_14

Term Name dwc:organismQuantityType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/organismQuantityType
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/organismQuantityType-2023-06-28
Label	Organism Quantity Type
Definition	The type of quantification system used for the quantity of dwc:Organisms.
Notes	A dwc:organismQuantityType must have a corresponding dwc:organismQuantity. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`27` (organismQuantity) with `individuals` (organismQuantityType) `12.5` (organismQuantity) with `% biomass` (organismQuantityType) `r` (organismQuantity) with `Braun-Blanquet Scale` (organismQuantityType) `many` (organismQuantity) with `individuals` (organismQuantityType)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2015-03-19_18

Term Name dwc:originalNameUsage
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/originalNameUsage
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/originalNameUsage-2023-06-28
Label	Original Name Usage
Definition	The taxon name, with authorship and date information if known, as it originally appeared when first established under the rules of the associated dwc:nomenclaturalCode. The basionym (botany) or basonym (bacteriology) of the dwc:scientificName or the senior/earlier homonym for replaced names.
Notes	The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known, of the name usage in which the terminal element of the dwc:scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated dwc:nomenclaturalCode. For example, for names governed by the ICNafp, this term would indicate the basionym of a record representing a subsequent combination. Unlike basionyms, however, this term can apply to scientific names at all ranks.
Examples	`Pinus abies` `Gasterosteus saltatrix Linnaeus 1768`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:originalNameUsageID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/originalNameUsageID
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/originalNameUsageID-2023-06-28
Label	Original Name Usage ID
Definition	An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) in which the terminal element of the dwc:scientificName was originally established under the rules of the associated dwc:nomenclaturalCode.
Notes	This term should be used to refer to the dwc:taxonID of a dwc:Taxon record that represents the usage of the terminal element of the dwc:scientificName as originally established under the rules of the associated dwc:nomenclaturalCode. For example, for names governed by the ICNafp, this term would establish the relationship between a record representing a subsequent combination and the record for its corresponding basionym. Unlike basionyms, however, this term can apply to scientific names at all ranks. For Darwin Core Archives the related record should be present locally in the same archive.
Examples	`tsn:41107` (ITIS) `urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:320035-2` (IPNI) `2704179` (GBIF) `6W3C4` (COL)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:parentNameUsage
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentNameUsage
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/parentNameUsage-2023-06-28
Label	Parent Name Usage
Definition	The full name, with authorship and date information if known, of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent dwc:Taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the dwc:scientificName.
Examples	`Rubiaceae` `Gruiformes` `Testudinae`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:parentNameUsageID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/parentNameUsageID
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/parentNameUsageID-2023-06-28
Label	Parent Name Usage ID
Definition	An identifier for the name usage (documented meaning of the name according to a source) of the direct, most proximate higher-rank parent taxon (in a classification) of the most specific element of the dwc:scientificName.
Notes	This term should be used for accepted names to refer to the dwc:taxonID of a dwc:Taxon record that represents the next higher taxon rank in the same taxonomic classification. For Darwin Core Archives the related record should be present locally in the same archive.
Examples	`tsn:41074` (ITIS) `urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30001404-2` (IPNI) `2704173` (GBIF) `6T8N` (COL)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:phylum
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/phylum
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/phylum-2023-06-28
Label	Phylum
Definition	The full scientific name of the phylum or division in which the dwc:Taxon is classified.
Examples	`Chordata` (phylum) `Bryophyta` (division)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonName with HigherTaxa/HigherTaxon/HigherTaxonRank = phylum
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:pointRadiusSpatialFit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/pointRadiusSpatialFit
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/pointRadiusSpatialFit-2023-06-28
Label	Point Radius Spatial Fit
Definition	The ratio of the area of the point-radius (dwc:decimalLatitude, dwc:decimalLongitude, dwc:coordinateUncertaintyInMeters) to the area of the true (original, or most specific) spatial representation of the dcterms:Location. Legal values are 0, greater than or equal to 1, or undefined. A value of 1 is an exact match or 100% overlap. A value of 0 should be used if the given point-radius does not completely contain the original representation. The dwc:pointRadiusSpatialFit is undefined (and should be left empty) if the original representation is any geometry without area (e.g., a point or polyline) and without uncertainty and the given georeference is not that same geometry (without uncertainty). If both the original and the given georeference are the same point, the dwc:pointRadiusSpatialFit is 1.
Notes	Detailed explanations with graphical examples can be found in the Georeferencing Best Practices, Chapman and Wieczorek, 2020 (https://doi.org/10.15468/doc-gg7h-s853).
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/PointRadiusSpatialFit
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:PreviousIdentifications
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/PreviousIdentifications
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Previous Identifications
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/previousIdentifications
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of previous ScientificNames to which the sample was identified.
Notes	Example: "Anthus correndera".
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification with PreferredFlag = false
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:recordedBy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/recordedBy
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/recordedBy-2023-06-28
Label	Recorded By
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of names of people, groups, or organizations responsible for recording the original dwc:Occurrence. The primary collector or observer, especially one who applies a personal identifier (dwc:recordNumber), should be listed first.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`José E. Crespo` `Oliver P. Pearson \| Anita K. Pearson` (where the value in recordNumber `OPP 7101` corresponds to the collector number for the specimen in the field catalog of Oliver P. Pearson)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/GatheringAgents/GatheringAgentsText
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwciri:recordNumber
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/recordNumber
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/recordNumber-2023-06-28
Label	Record Number (IRI)
Definition	An identifier given to the dwc:Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and a dwc:Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector's number.
Notes	The subject is a dwc:Occurrence and the object is a (possibly IRI-identified) resource that is the field notes.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:recordNumber
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/recordNumber
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/recordNumber-2023-06-28
Label	Record Number
Definition	An identifier given to the dwc:Occurrence at the time it was recorded. Often serves as a link between field notes and a dwc:Occurrence record, such as a specimen collector's number.
Notes	This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`OPP 7101`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/CollectorsFieldNumber
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:RelatedBasisOfRecord
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/RelatedBasisOfRecord
Modified	2009-01-26
Label	Related Basis of Record
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The nature of the related resource. Recommended best practice is to use the same controlled vocabulary as for basisOfRecord.
Notes	Example: "PreservedSpecimen"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:relatedResourceID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/relatedResourceID
Modified	2018-09-06
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/relatedResourceID-2018-09-06
Label	Related Resource ID
Definition	An identifier for a related resource (the object, rather than the subject of the relationship).
Examples	`dc609808-b09b-11e8-96f8-529269fb1459`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitSourceInstitutionCode + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitSourceName + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociatedUnitID
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:relatedResourceType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/relatedResourceType
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Related Resource Type
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The type of the related resource. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Notes	Examples: "StillImage", "MovingImage", "Sound", PhysicalObject", "PreservedSpecimen", FossilSpecimen", LivingSpecimen", "HumanObservation", "MachineObservation", "Location", "Taxonomy", "NomeclaturalChecklist", "Publication"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:relationshipEstablishedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/relationshipEstablishedDate
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/relationshipEstablishedDate-2023-06-28
Label	Relationship Established Date
Definition	The date-time on which the relationship between the two resources was established.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a date that conforms to ISO 8601-1:2019.
Examples	`1963-03-08T14:07-0600` (8 Mar 1963 at 2:07pm in the time zone six hours earlier than UTC) `2009-02-20T08:40Z` (20 February 2009 8:40am UTC) `2018-08-29T15:19` (3:19pm local time on 29 August 2018) `1809-02-12` (some time during 12 February 1809) `1906-06` (some time in June 1906) `1971` (some time in the year 1971) `2007-03-01T13:00:00Z/2008-05-11T15:30:00Z` (some time during the interval between 1 March 2007 1pm UTC and 11 May 2008 3:30pm UTC) `1900/1909` (some time during the interval between the beginning of the year 1900 and the end of the year 1909) `2007-11-13/15` (some time in the interval between 13 November 2007 and 15 November 2007)
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:relationshipOfResource
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/relationshipOfResource
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/relationshipOfResource-2023-06-28
Label	Relationship Of Resource
Definition	The relationship of the subject (identified by dwc:resourceID) to the object (identified by dwc:relatedResourceID).
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples	`same as` `duplicate of` `mother of` `offspring of` `sibling of` `parasite of` `host of` `valid synonym of` `located within` `pollinator of members of taxon` `pollinated specific plant` `pollinated by members of taxon` `on slab with`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations/UnitAssociation/AssociationType
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:reproductiveCondition
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/reproductiveCondition
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/reproductiveCondition-2023-06-28
Label	Reproductive Condition
Definition	The reproductive condition of the biological individual(s) represented in the dwc:Occurrence.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`non-reproductive` `pregnant` `in bloom` `fruit-bearing`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:ResourceRelationship
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/ResourceRelationship
Modified	2023-09-13
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/ResourceRelationship-2023-09-13
Label	Resource Relationship
Definition	A relationship of one rdfs:Resource (http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#Resource) to another.
Notes	Resources can be thought of as identifiable records or instances of classes and may include, but need not be limited to instances of dwc:Occurrence, dwc:Organism, dwc:MaterialEntity, dwc:Event, dcterms:Location, dwc:GeologicalContext, dwc:Identification, or dwc:Taxon.
Examples	`an instance of a dwc:Organism is the mother of another instance of a dwc:Organism` `a uniquely identified dwc:Occurrence represents the same dwc:Occurrence as another uniquely identified dwc:Occurrence` `a dwc:MaterialEntity is a subsample of another dwc:MaterialEntity`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Associations
Type	Class
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-26_15
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-09-13_41

Term Name dwc:Sample
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Sample
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Occurrence
Definition	Container class for information about the results of a sampling event (specimen, observation, etc.)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:SampleAttribute
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttribute
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Container class for information about attributes related to a given sample.
ABCD equivalence	Datasets/Dataset/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:SampleAttributeAccuracy
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttributeAccuracy
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Accuracy
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementAccuracy
Definition	The description of the error associated with the SampleAttributeValue.
Notes	Example: "0.01", "normal distribution with variation of 2 m"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Accuracy
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SampleAttributeDeterminedDate
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttributeDeterminedDate
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Determined Date
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementDeterminedDate
Definition	The date on which the the measurement or characteristic of the sample was made.
Notes	Date may be used to express temporal information at any level of granularity. Recommended best practice is to use an encoding scheme, such as the W3CDTF profile of ISO 8601 [W3CDTF].
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/MeasurementDateTime
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SampleAttributeRemarks
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttributeRemarks
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Remarks
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Comments or notes accompanying the measurement or characteristic of the sample.
Notes	Example: "tip of tail missing"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SampleAttributeUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttributeUnit
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Unit
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementUnit
Definition	The units for the value of the measurement or characteristic of the sample. Recommended best practice is to use International System of Units (SI) units.
Notes	Example: "mm"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UnitOfMeasurement
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SampleAttributeValue
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SampleAttributeValue
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Value
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/occurrenceMeasurementValue
Definition	The value of the measurement or characteristic of the sample.
Notes	Example: "45"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/LowerValue or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/UpperValue
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:sampleSizeUnit
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/sampleSizeUnit
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/sampleSizeUnit-2023-06-28
Label	Sample Size Unit
Definition	The unit of measurement of the size (time duration, length, area, or volume) of a sample in a sampling dwc:Event.
Notes	A dwc:sampleSizeUnit must have a corresponding dwc:sampleSizeValue, e.g., `5` for dwc:sampleSizeValue with `m` for dwc:sampleSizeUnit. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`minute` `hour` `day` `metre` `square metre` `cubic metre`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2015-03-19_18

Term Name dwc:SamplingAttributeID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingAttributeID
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	An identifier for the sampling attribute. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SamplingAttributeType
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingAttributeType
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sample Attribute Type
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	The nature of the measurement or characteristic of the sample. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Notes	Example: "tail length"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/MeasurementsOrFacts/MeasurementOrFact/MeasurementOrFactAtomised/Parameter
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SamplingEvent
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingEvent
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Event
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/Event
Definition	Container class for information about the conditions and methods of acquisition of samples.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:SamplingEventAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingEventAttributes
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Event Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements or characteristics of the sampling event.
Notes	Example: "Relative humidity: 28 %; Temperature: 22 C; Sample size: 10 kg"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteMeasurementsOrFacts
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SamplingEventID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingEventID
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Event ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventID
Definition	An identifier for the sampling event. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Code
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SamplingEventRemarks
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingEventRemarks
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Event Remarks
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Comments or notes about the sampling event.
Notes	Example: "found dead on road"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:SamplingLocation
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingLocation
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Location
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	Container class for information about the location where a sampling event occurred.
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/LocalityText
Type	Class

Term Name dwc:SamplingLocationID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/SamplingLocationID
Modified	2009-04-29
Label	Sampling Location ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/locationID
Definition	An identifier for the sampling location. May be a global unique identifier or an identifier specific to the data set.
Notes	Example: "MVZ:LocID:12345"
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:samplingProtocol
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/samplingProtocol
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/samplingProtocol-2023-06-28
Label	Sampling Protocol
Definition	The names of, references to, or descriptions of the methods or protocols used during a dwc:Event.
Notes	Recommended best practice is describe a dwc:Event with no more than one sampling protocol. In the case of a summary Event with multiple protocols, in which a specific protocol can not be attributed to specific dwc:Occurrences, the recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/Method
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2021-07-15_34

Term Name dwc:scientificName
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificName
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/scientificName-2023-06-28
Label	Scientific Name
Definition	The full scientific name, with authorship and date information if known. When forming part of a dwc:Identification, this should be the name in lowest level taxonomic rank that can be determined. This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the dwc:identificationQualifier term.
Notes	This term should not contain identification qualifications, which should instead be supplied in the IdentificationQualifier term. When applied to an Organism or Occurrence, this term should be used to represent the scientific name that was applied to the associated Organism in accordance with the Taxon to which it was or is currently identified. Names should be compliant to the most recent nomenclatural code. For example, names of hybrids for algae, fungi and plants should follow the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Schenzhen Code Articles H.1, H.2 and H.3). Thus, use the multiplication sign `×` (Unicode `U+00D7`, HTML `×`) to identify a hybrid, not `x` or `X`, if possible.
Examples	`Coleoptera` (order) `Vespertilionidae` (family) `Manis` (genus) `Ctenomys sociabilis` (genus + specificEpithet) `Ambystoma tigrinum diaboli` (genus + specificEpithet + infraspecificEpithet) `Roptrocerus typographi (Györfi, 1952)` (genus + specificEpithet + scientificNameAuthorship) `Quercus agrifolia var. oxyadenia (Torr.) J.T. Howell` (genus + specificEpithet + taxonRank + infraspecificEpithet + scientificNameAuthorship) `×Agropogon littoralis (Sm.) C. E. Hubb.` `Mentha ×smithiana R. A. Graham` `Agrostis stolonifera L. × Polypogon monspeliensis (L.) Desf.`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/FullScientificNameString
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2019-12-01_19
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:scientificNameAuthorship
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameAuthorship
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/scientificNameAuthorship-2023-06-28
Label	Scientific Name Authorship
Definition	The authorship information for the dwc:scientificName formatted according to the conventions of the applicable dwc:nomenclaturalCode.
Examples	`(Torr.) J.T. Howell` `(Martinovský) Tzvelev` `(Györfi, 1952)`
ABCD equivalence	{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/ParentheticalAuthorTeamAndYear + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/AuthorTeamAndYear} or {DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/AuthorTeamParenthesis + DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/AuthorTeam} or {DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/AuthorTeamOriginalAndYear + [= or] DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/AuthorTeamParenthesisAndYear}
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:scientificNameRank
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/scientificNameRank
Modified	2009-09-21
Label	Scientific Name Rank
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonRank
Definition	The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName. Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Notes	Examples: "subsp.", "var.", "forma", "species", "genus"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/Rank
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:sex
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/sex
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/sex-2023-06-28
Label	Sex (IRI)
Definition	The sex of the biological individual(s) represented in the dwc:Occurrence.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. Terms in the dwciri namespace are intended to be used in RDF with non-literal objects.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:specificEpithet
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/specificEpithet
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/specificEpithet-2023-06-28
Label	Specific Epithet
Definition	The name of the first or species epithet of the dwc:scientificName.
Examples
ABCD equivalence	{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Bacterial/SpeciesEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/FirstEpithet or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/SpeciesEpithet}
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:startDayOfYear
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/startDayOfYear
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/startDayOfYear-2023-06-28
Label	Start Day Of Year
Definition	The earliest integer day of the year on which the dwc:Event occurred (1 for January 1, 365 for December 31, except in a leap year, in which case it is 366).
Examples	`1` (1 January) `366` (31 December) `365` (30 December in a leap year, 31 December in a non-leap year)
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/DateTime/DayNumberBegin
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:StartTimeOfDay
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/StartTimeOfDay
Modified	2009-04-24
Label	Start Time of Day
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/eventTime
Definition	The time of day when the event began, expressed as decimal hours from midnight, local time.
Notes	Examples: "12.0" (= noon), "13.5" (= 1:30pm)
ABCD equivalence	accessible from DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/ISODateTimeBegin
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:stateProvince
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/stateProvince
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/stateProvince-2023-06-28
Label	First Order Division
Definition	The name of the next smaller administrative region than country (state, province, canton, department, region, etc.) in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names. Recommended best practice is to leave this field blank if the dcterms:Location spans multiple entities at this administrative level or if the dcterms:Location might be in one or another of multiple possible entities at this level. Multiplicity and uncertainty of the geographic entity can be captured either in the term dwc:higherGeography or in the term dwc:locality, or both.
Examples	`Montana` `Minas Gerais` `Córdoba`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= State or = Province (etc.)
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwc:subgenus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/subgenus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/subgenus-2023-06-28
Label	Subgenus
Definition	The full scientific name of the subgenus in which the dwc:Taxon is classified. Values should include the genus to avoid homonym confusion.
Examples	`Strobus` `Amerigo` `Pilosella`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Zoological/Subgenus
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:taxonAccordingTo
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonAccordingTo
Modified	2009-09-21
Label	Taxon According To
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/nameAccordingTo
Definition	Information about the authorship of this taxon concept which uses the scientificName in their sense (secundum, sensu). Could be a publication (identification key), institution or team of individuals.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:taxonAttributes
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonAttributes
Modified	2009-10-09
Label	Taxon Attributes
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of additional measurements, facts, characteristics, or assertions about the taxon.
Notes	Example: "iucnstatus=vulnerable; distribution=Neuquen, Argentina"
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/Result/TaxonIdentified/InformalNameString
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:taxonNameID
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonNameID
Modified	2009-07-06
Label	Taxon Name ID
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Definition	A unique identifier for the scientificName.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:taxonomicStatus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonomicStatus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/taxonomicStatus-2023-06-28
Label	Taxonomic Status
Definition	The status of the use of the dwc:scientificName as a label for a taxon. Requires taxonomic opinion to define the scope of a dwc:Taxon. Rules of priority then are used to define the taxonomic status of the nomenclature contained in that scope, combined with the experts opinion. It must be linked to a specific taxonomic reference that defines the concept.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary.
Examples	`invalid` `misapplied` `homotypic synonym` `accepted`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:taxonRank
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/taxonRank
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/taxonRank-2023-06-28
Label	Taxon Rank
Definition	The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the dwc:scientificName.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. The taxon ranks of algae, fungi and plants are defined in the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Schenzhen Code Articles H3.2, H4.4 and H.3.1).
Examples	`subspecies` `varietas` `forma` `species` `genus` `nothogenus` `nothospecies` `nothosubspecies`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Identifications/Identification/TaxonIdentified/ScientificName/NameAtomised/Botanical/Rank
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2023-06-28_40

Term Name dwciri:toTaxon
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/toTaxon
Modified	2015-03-27
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/toTaxon-2015-03-27
Label	To Taxon
Definition	Use to link a dwc:Identification instance subject to a taxonomic entity such as a taxon, taxon concept, or taxon name use.
Notes	A "convenience property" that replaces Darwin Core literal-value terms related to taxonomic entities. See Section 2.7.4 of the Darwin Core RDF Guide for details.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:typeStatus
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/typeStatus
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/typeStatus-2023-06-28
Label	Type Status
Definition	A list (concatenated and separated) of nomenclatural types (type status, typified scientific name, publication) applied to the subject.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to separate the values in a list with space vertical bar space ( `\|` ). This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`holotype of Ctenomys sociabilis. Pearson O. P., and M. I. Christie. 1985. Historia Natural, 5(37):388` `holotype of Pinus abies \| holotype of Picea abies`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/SpecimenUnit/NomenclaturalTypeDesignations/NomenclaturalTypeText
Type	Property
Executive Committee decision	http://rs.tdwg.org/decisions/decision-2014-10-30_16

Term Name dwc:verbatimCoordinates
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimCoordinates
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimCoordinates-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim Coordinates
Definition	The verbatim original spatial coordinates of the dcterms:Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in dwc:verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in dwc:verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Examples	`41 05 54S 121 05 34W` `17T 630000 4833400`
ABCD equivalence	{DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/CoordinatesText or DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesUTM/UTMText}
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:verbatimCoordinateSystem
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimCoordinateSystem
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimCoordinateSystem-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim Coordinate System
Definition	The coordinate format for the dwc:verbatimLatitude and dwc:verbatimLongitude or the dwc:verbatimCoordinates of the dcterms:Location.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`decimal degrees` `degrees decimal minutes` `degrees minutes seconds` `UTM`
ABCD equivalence	(partly) DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesGrid/GridCellSystem
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:verbatimLatitude
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimLatitude
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimLatitude-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim Latitude
Definition	The verbatim original latitude of the dcterms:Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in dwc:verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in dwc:verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Examples	`41 05 54.03S`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/VerbatimLatitude
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:verbatimLongitude
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimLongitude
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimLongitude-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim Longitude
Definition	The verbatim original longitude of the dcterms:Location. The coordinate ellipsoid, geodeticDatum, or full Spatial Reference System (SRS) for these coordinates should be stored in dwc:verbatimSRS and the coordinate system should be stored in dwc:verbatimCoordinateSystem.
Examples	`121d 10' 34" W`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/SiteCoordinateSets/SiteCoordinates/CoordinatesLatLon/VerbatimLongitude
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:verbatimScientificNameRank
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimScientificNameRank
Modified	2009-09-21
Label	Verbatim Scientific Name Rank
	This term is deprecated and should no longer be used.
Is replaced by	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimTaxonRank
Definition	The taxonomic rank of the most specific name in the scientificName as it appears in the original record.
Notes	Examples: "Agamospecies", "sub-lesus", "prole", "apomict", "nothogrex".
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwciri:verbatimSRS
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/verbatimSRS
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/iri/version/verbatimSRS-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim SRS (IRI)
Definition	The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in dwc:verbatimLatitude and dwc:verbatimLongitude, or dwc:verbatimCoordinates are based.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use an IRI for the EPSG code of the SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary IRI for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary IRI for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known.
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:verbatimSRS
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/verbatimSRS
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/verbatimSRS-2023-06-28
Label	Verbatim SRS
Definition	The ellipsoid, geodetic datum, or spatial reference system (SRS) upon which coordinates given in dwc:verbatimLatitude and dwc:verbatimLongitude, or dwc:verbatimCoordinates are based.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use the EPSG code of the SRS, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the geodetic datum, if known. Otherwise use a controlled vocabulary for the name or code of the ellipsoid, if known. If none of these is known, use the value `unknown`. This term has an equivalent in the dwciri: namespace that allows only an IRI as a value, whereas this term allows for any string literal value.
Examples	`unknown` `EPSG:4326` `WGS84` `NAD27` `Campo Inchauspe` `European 1950` `Clarke 1866`
ABCD equivalence	not in ABCD
Type	Property

Term Name dwc:waterBody
Term IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/waterBody
Modified	2023-06-28
Term version IRI	http://rs.tdwg.org/dwc/terms/version/waterBody-2023-06-28
Label	Water Body
Definition	The name of the water body in which the dcterms:Location occurs.
Notes	Recommended best practice is to use a controlled vocabulary such as the Getty Thesaurus of Geographic Names.
Examples	`Indian Ocean` `Baltic Sea` `Hudson River` `Lago Nahuel Huapi`
ABCD equivalence	DataSets/DataSet/Units/Unit/Gathering/NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaName with NamedAreas/NamedArea/AreaClass= Water body
Type	Property

Darwin Core List of Terms - Darwin Core