Introduction The restoration of normal intestinal epithelial function is critical for colon mucosa healing in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) 1 , 2 ; however, current therapies predominantly target the immune system. As such, only 20–30% of patients achieve mucosal healing with…

Abstract OBJECTIVE To review pediatric data on vancomycin exposure threshold against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS). METHODS A systematic review was conducted through July 2023. Publications in English that explor…

Abstract Objectives To describe the effect of e-liquid flavors on nicotine intake and pharmacology of e-cigarettes. Methods 11 males and 3 females participated in a 3-day inpatient crossover study with strawberry, tobacco, and their usual flavor e-liquid. Nicotine levels were nom…

Abstract Background: Metacognition is a cognitive process that involves self-awareness of thinking, understanding, and performance. This study assesses pathologists’ metacognition by examining the association between their diagnostic accuracy and self-reported confidence levels w…

JOURNAL OF IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 1 Shapley value-based approaches to explain the quality of predictions by classifiers Guilherme Dean Pelegrina, Sajid Siraj Abstract—The use of algorithm-agnostic approaches for ex- However, when considering the practicality…

Main Identifying individuals at high risk of developing disease is a priority for preventative medicine. Most traditional risk assessment tools rely on clinical parameters such as age, sex and family history, and a reduced set of basic biomarkers tailored to the disease under stu…

Abstract Aims Deep learning methods have shown impressive performance in detecting a range of diseases from electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms, but the breadth of diseases that can be detected with high accuracy remains unknown, and in many cases the changes to the ECG allowing th…

Introduction Although individually significant markers in genome-wide association scans (GWAS) explain limited heritability of complex traits, evidence has been accruing that a considerable proportion of phenotypic variation can be explained by the ensemble of markers not achievi…

Abstract Simple Summary Exosomes are small (40–160 nanometer) extracellular vesicles with significant roles in cancer development and progression. Exosomes are abundantly produced by cancer cells, carry tumor-specific content, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, and have the potentia…

Abstract Despite the millions of individuals struggling with persistent symptoms, Long COVID has remained difficult to diagnose due to limited objective biomarkers, often leading to underdiagnosis or even misdiagnosis. To bridge this gap, we investigated the potential of utilizin…

Abstract Background: Tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) is a key component of HIV treatment, but pharmacokinetic data supporting the use of TAF during pregnancy are limited. Here, we report pharmacokinetic, safety, and birth outcomes with TAF 25 mg with a boosted protease inhibitor (PI)…

Abstract Polygenic scores have recently been used to summarise genetic effects among an ensemble of markers that do not individually achieve significance in a large-scale association study. Markers are selected using an initial training sample and used to construct a score in an …

Abstract Simple Summary Gastric cancer (GC) is the fourth most common cancer that occurs worldwide, affecting specifically the Asian population. Currently, there are no available screening programs for GC in United States. Since saliva is a highly desirable body fluid for develop…

Abstract Objectives Tenofovir disoproxol fumarate (TDF) is increasingly used in HAART regimens of pregnant women, but limited data exist on pregnancy pharmacokinetics of chronically-dosed TDF. This study described tenofovir pharmacokinetics during pregnancy and postpartum. Method…

Abstract Despite the millions of individuals struggling with persistent symptoms, Long COVID has remained difficult to diagnose due to limited objective biomarkers, often leading to underdiagnosis or even misdiagnosis. To bridge this gap, we investigated the potential of utilizin…