Santa Fe, New Mexico - Wikipedia

Santa Fe, New Mexico - Wikipedia
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Coordinates
35°40′2″N
105°57′52″W
 / 
35.66722°N 105.96444°W
 /
35.66722; -105.96444
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Capital city of New Mexico, United States
This article is about the capital of modern New Mexico. For the provincial kingdom and former Mexican territory, of which this city was the second capital, see
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
State capital in New Mexico, United States
Santa Fe, New Mexico
La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís
State capital
Palace of the Governors
Loretto Chapel
Santa Fe Plaza
Cathedral Basilica
Lensic Theater
IAIA Museum
Flag
Coat of arms
Etymology:
Spanish
for "Holy Faith"
Nickname:
The City Different
Location in
Santa Fe County, New Mexico
Santa Fe
Location within New Mexico
Show map of New Mexico
Santa Fe
Location within the United States
Show map of the United States
Coordinates:
35°40′2″N
105°57′52″W
 / 
35.66722°N 105.96444°W
 /
35.66722; -105.96444
Country
United States
State
New Mexico
County
Santa Fe
Founded
1610
; 416 years ago
1610
Founded by
Pedro de Peralta
Named after
St. Francis of Assisi
Government
Mayor
Michael Garcia
• City Council
Councilors
Alma Castro
Signe I. Lindell
Michael Garcia
Carol Romero-Wirth
Pilar Faulkner
Lee Garcia
Jamie Cassutt
Amanda Chavez
State House
Representatives
Democrats
Republicans
Linda Serrato (
Reena Szczepanski (
Tara Lujan (
State Senate
State senators
Democrats
Republicans
Linda Trujillo
Peter Wirth
U.S. House
Teresa Leger Fernández
(D)
Area
• City
52.34 sq mi (135.57 km
• Land
52.23 sq mi (135.28 km
• Water
0.11 sq mi (0.29 km
Elevation
6,998 ft (2,133 m)
Population
2020
• City
87,505
• Rank
4th in New Mexico
• Density
1,675.3/sq mi (646.83/km
Metro
154,823 (US:
277th
CSA
1,162,523
Demonym(s)
Santa Fean; Santafesino, -na
Time zone
UTC−7
MST
• Summer (
DST
UTC−6
MDT
ZIP Codes
87501–87509, 87540, 87592, 87594
Area code
505
FIPS code
35-70500
GNIS
feature ID
936823
Primary airport
Santa Fe Regional Airport
KSAF (Public)
Website
santafenm
.gov
Santa Fe
eɪ
eɪ
SAN
-tə
FAY
, -⁠ fay
Spanish:
[santa
ˈfe]
Spanish
for 'Holy Faith') is the
capital city
of the
U.S. state
of
New Mexico
. It is the
fourth-most populous city
in the state with a population of 87,505 as of the
2020 census
, while the Santa Fe metropolitan area has an estimated 158,000 people.
The greater
Albuquerque–Santa Fe–Los Alamos combined statistical area
includes eight counties in north-central New Mexico with 1.16 million residents. The
county seat
of
Santa Fe County
, Santa Fe is situated at the foothills of the
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
at the highest altitude of any U.S. state capital, with an elevation of 6,998 feet (2,133 m).
Founded in 1610 as the capital of
Nuevo México
, a province of
New Spain
, Santa Fe is the oldest
state capital in the United States
and the earliest European settlement west of the
Mississippi River
. Its name, Spanish for "Holy Faith", is the shortened form of its original name,
La Villa Real de la Santa Fe de San Francisco de Asís
(Royal Town of the Holy Faith of
Saint Francis of Assisi
).
The city prospered as a leading commercial and transportation hub,
driven by lucrative trade and migration routes such as
El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro
and the
Santa Fe Trail
. Nuevo México became a territory of Mexico after
Mexican independence
from Spain in 1821. It was
ceded to the United States
in 1848 following the
Mexican–American War
, and in 1851 Santa Fe was named the capital of the U.S.
Territory of New Mexico
; it became New Mexico's state capital in 1912.
10
Santa Fe remained the political and cultural center of New Mexico throughout the Spanish, Mexican, and American periods, which each impacted the city's development and character.
Blending indigenous, Spanish, and American influences, Santa Fe is considered the cultural capital of the
Southwestern United States
10
and is widely regarded as one of the country's major
art cities
11
12
In 2005, it was the first U.S. city inducted into the
UNESCO
Creative Cities Network
13
Santa Fe hosts more than 250 art galleries, a large concentration of museums, and three annual art events: the
Santa Fe International Folk Art Market
, the Traditional Spanish Colonial Market, and the Indian Market. One-tenth of all employment is related to artistic and cultural industries, with writers and authors making up the highest proportion of the labor force of any U.S. city.
Santa Fe's cultural highlights include
Santa Fe Plaza
Santa Fe Historic District
, the
Palace of the Governors
, and
Fiesta de Santa Fe
; the city is also known for its contributions to
New Mexican cuisine
and
New Mexico music
. Among Santa Fe's many artistic institutions are the
Georgia O'Keeffe Museum
, the
Chuck Jones
Gallery, and the art collective
Meow Wolf
. The cityscape is known for its
adobe
-style
Pueblo Revival
and
Territorial Revival architecture
, much of which is preserved and protected.
14
History
edit
For a chronological guide, see
Timeline of Santa Fe, New Mexico
Name
edit
Before
European colonization of the Americas
, the area Santa Fe occupied between AD 900 and the 1500s was known to the
Tewa
peoples as
Kháʼ Pʼoegeh
16
pronounced
[xɑ́ʔ
pʼòːɡè]
white shell water place
, one of a number of places named for their
water access
17
and by the
Navajo
people as
Yootó
("bead" + "water place").
18
In 1598,
Juan de Oñate
established the area as
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
, a province of
New Spain
17
Formal Spanish settlements were developed leading the colonial governor
Pedro de Peralta
to rename the area
La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís
("the Royal Town of the
Holy Faith
of Saint
Francis of Assisi
").
17
Nicknames include "The City of Holy Faith", "The City Different" (promoted by the
New Mexico Tourism Department
) and in the 1800s, "The Ancient", "The Aztec Ruin", "
Coronado
's Camp" (despite the area of
Bernalillo, New Mexico
being the closest the Coronado expedition came to what is now Santa Fe), and others.
19
Early history
edit
The area of Santa Fe was originally occupied by indigenous
Tanoan
peoples, who lived in numerous
Pueblo
villages along the
Rio Grande
. One of the earliest known settlements in what is known as downtown Santa Fe today came sometime after 900 AD. A group of native
Tewa
built a cluster of homes that centered around the site of today's Plaza and spread for
mile (800 m) to the south and west; the village was called
Oghá P'o'oge
in
Tewa
20
The Tanoans and other Pueblo peoples settled along the
Santa Fe River
from the mid-11th to mid-12th centuries,
21
but had abandoned the site for at least 200 years by the time Spanish arrived in the early 17th century.
22
23
In 1692,
Diego de Vargas
reconquered Santa Fe after the
Pueblo Revolt
, famously without spilling blood. This is commemorated every year in the
Fiestas de Santa Fe
Spanish era
edit
Main article:
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
See also:
New Spain
Mexican War of Independence
Treaty of Córdoba
Declaration of Independence of the Mexican Empire
, and
Santa María–Calatrava Treaty
Don
Juan de Oñate
led the first Spanish effort to colonize the region in 1598, establishing
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
as a province of
New Spain
. Under Juan de Oñate and his son, the capital of the province was the settlement of
San Juan de los Caballeros
north of Santa Fe near modern
Ohkay Owingeh Pueblo
. Juan de Oñate was banished and exiled from New Mexico by the Spanish, after his rule was deemed cruel towards the indigenous population.
24
New Mexico's second
Spanish governor
, Don
Pedro de Peralta
, however, founded a new city at the foot of the
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
in 1607, which he called
La Villa Real de la Santa Fé de San Francisco de Asís
, the Royal Town of the Holy Faith of Saint
Francis of Assisi
. In 1610, he designated it as the capital of the province, which it has almost constantly remained,
25
making it the oldest state capital in the United States.
Lack of Native American representation within the province of Santa Fe de Nuevo México, New Spain (current New Mexico's early government) led to the 1680
Pueblo Revolt
, when groups of different Native
Pueblo peoples
were successful in driving the Spaniards out of New Mexico to El Paso. The Pueblo people continued running New Mexico from the Palace of the Governors in Santa Fe from 1680 to 1692.
San Miguel Mission
, built 1610, is the
oldest church in the United States
The territory was reconquered in 1692 by Don
Diego de Vargas
through the so-called "Bloodless Reconquest", which was criticized as violent even at the time. The next governor,
Francisco Cuervo y Valdez
, started to broker peace, including the founding of
Albuquerque
, to guarantee better representation and trade access for Pueblos in New Mexico's government. Other governors of New Mexico, such as
Tomás Vélez Cachupin
, continued to be better known for their more forward-thinking work with the indigenous population of New Mexico.
Mexican era
edit
See also:
First Mexican Empire
Provisional Government of Mexico
First Mexican Republic
, and
Centralist Republic of Mexico
Santa Fe in 1846, then a Mexican territorial capital, approaching the onset of the
Mexican-American War
Santa Fe was Spain's provincial seat at outbreak of the
Mexican War of Independence
in 1810. The city's status as the capital of the Mexican territory of
Santa Fe de Nuevo México
was formalized in the
1824 Constitution
after Mexico achieved independence from Spain.
In addition to remaining the administrative and political heart of Nuevo Mexico, Santa Fe maintained its status as the central trading and transportation hub west of the Mississippi. Beginning in the 1820s, the
Santa Fe Trail
brought lucrative commercial links to what was then the American frontier in Missouri, attracting both indigenous and Euro-American traders.
26
The opening of trade and migration with the U.S. also facilitated friendly relations between the new Mexican republic and its American counterpart, for which Santa Fe was the primary nexus.
26
During that period, it was the site designated for the operation of the District Court of the Territory of New Mexico (
Juzgado de Distrito del Territorio de Nuevo México
), which existed from 1832, when José María Nájera, the first and only appointed judge who managed to reach Santa Fe, took possession of the court, and de facto conclusion in 1837 when
Santiago Abreu
, substitute judge, was murdered, and de jure in 1841, when
Antonio López de Santa Anna
ordered its closure.
27
When the
Republic of Texas
seceded from Mexico in 1836, it attempted to claim Santa Fe and other parts of
Nuevo México
as part of the western portion of Texas along the
Río Grande
. In 1841, a small military and trading expedition set out from
Austin
, intending to take control of the Santa Fe Trail. Known as the
Texan Santa Fe Expedition
, the force was poorly prepared and easily captured by the New Mexican military.
Notwithstanding these incursions, as well as recurring conflicts between Euro-American settlers and native peoples, Santa Fe witnessed multiple migrations through the three trails that led to the city, which would give way to the railroad,
Route 66
, and the interstate.
United States
edit
See also:
Mexican–American War
U.S. provisional government of New Mexico
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Mexican Cession
New Mexico Territory
New Mexico Territory in the American Civil War
, and
New Mexico campaign
Santa Fe Plaza
c.
1850
, after the
Mexican Cession
to the United States
In 1846, the United States declared war on Mexico. Brigadier General
Stephen W. Kearny
led the main body of his Army of the West of some 1,700 soldiers into Santa Fe to claim it and the whole
New Mexico Territory
for the United States. By 1848 the U.S. officially gained New Mexico through the
Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
Colonel
Alexander William Doniphan
, under the command of Kearny, recovered ammunition from Santa Fe labeled "Spain 1776" showing both the lack of communications and quality of military support New Mexico received under Mexican rule.
28
In 1846, following the
annexation
of
Texas
, they claimed Santa Fe along with other territory in eastern New Mexico. Texas Governor
Peter H. Bell
sent a letter to President
Zachary Taylor
, who died before he could read it, demanding that the
U.S. Army
stop defending New Mexico. In response, Taylor's successor
Millard Fillmore
stationed additional troops to the area to halt any incursion by the
Texas Militia
29
Territorial claims were also brought by the
California Republic
and
State of Deseret
each claiming parts of western New Mexico. These territorial disputes were finally resolved by the
Compromise of 1850
, which designated the
103rd meridian west
as Texas's western border and resulted in
California
's statehood, and the establishment of the land claims of the
Utah
and
New Mexico Territory
Campos Courthouse
, built 1853-89
Some American visitors at first saw little promise in the remote town. One traveller in 1849 wrote:
I can hardly imagine how Santa Fe is supported. The country around it is barren. At the North stands a snow-capped mountain while the valley in which the town is situated is drab and sandy. The streets are narrow
.... A Mexican will walk about town all day to sell a bundle of grass worth about a dime. They are the poorest looking people I ever saw. They subsist principally on mutton, onions and red pepper.
30
In 1851,
Jean Baptiste Lamy
arrived, becoming bishop of New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, and Colorado in 1853. During his leadership, he traveled to France, Rome, Tucson, Los Angeles, St. Louis, New Orleans, and Mexico City. He built the Santa Fe
Saint Francis Cathedral
and shaped Catholicism in the region until his death in 1888.
31
As part of the
New Mexico Campaign
of the
Civil War
, General
Henry Sibley
occupied the city, flying the
Confederate flag
over Santa Fe for a few days in March 1862. Sibley was forced to withdraw after Union troops destroyed his logistical trains following the
Battle of Glorieta Pass
. The
Santa Fe National Cemetery
was created by the federal government after the war in 1870 to inter the Union soldiers who died fighting there.
32
On October 21, 1887,
Anton Docher
, "The Padre of Isleta", went to
New Mexico
where he was ordained as a priest in the St Francis Cathedral of Santa Fe by Bishop
Jean-Baptiste Salpointe
. After a few years serving in Santa Fe,
33
Bernalillo
and
Taos
34
he moved to
Isleta
on December 28, 1891. He wrote an ethnological article published in
The Santa Fé Magazine
in June 1913, in which he describes early 20th century life in the Pueblos.
35
As railroads were extended into the West, Santa Fe was originally envisioned as an important stop on the
Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railway
. But as the tracks were constructed into New Mexico, the
civil engineers
decided that it was more practical to go through
Lamy
, a town in
Santa Fe County
to the south of Santa Fe. A branch line was completed from Lamy to Santa Fe in 1880.
36
The
Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad
extended the
narrow gauge
Chili Line
from the nearby city of
Española
to Santa Fe in 1886.
37
The Territory of New Mexico incorporated the City of Santa Fe on June 17, 1891.
Neither was sufficient to offset the negative effects of Santa Fe's having been bypassed by the main railroad route. It suffered gradual economic decline into the early 20th century. Activists created a number of resources for the arts and
archaeology
, notably the
School of American Research
, created in 1907 under the leadership of the prominent archaeologist
Edgar Lee Hewett
. In the early 20th century, Santa Fe became a base for numerous writers and artists. The first airplane to fly over Santa Fe was piloted by Rose Dugan, carrying
Vera von Blumenthal
as passenger. Together the two women started the development of the
Pueblo Indian pottery
industry, helping Native women to market their wares. They contributed to the founding of the annual
Santa Fe Indian Market
20th century
edit
Built in 1900, the Bataan Building served as the New Mexico's first
state capitol
following statehood in 1912.
In 1912, New Mexico was admitted as the 47th U.S. state, with Santa Fe as its capital. At this time, with an approximate population of 5,000 people, the city's civic leaders designed and enacted a sophisticated city plan that incorporated elements of the contemporary
City Beautiful
movement, city planning, and historic preservation. The latter was particularly influenced by similar movements in Germany. The plan anticipated limited future growth, considered the scarcity of water, and recognized the future prospects of suburban development on the outskirts. The planners foresaw that its development must be in harmony with the city's character.
38
After the mainline of the railroad bypassed Santa Fe, it lost population. However, artists and writers, as well as retirees, were attracted to the cultural richness of the area, the beauty of the landscapes, and its dry climate. Local leaders began promoting the city as a tourist attraction. The city sponsored architectural restoration projects and erected new buildings according to traditional techniques and styles, thus creating the
Santa Fe Style
La Fonda on the Plaza
, a historic
Pueblo Revival
hotel built in 1922
Edgar L. Hewett
, founder and first director of the
School of American Research
and the
Museum of New Mexico
in Santa Fe, was a leading promoter. He began the
Santa Fe Fiesta
in 1919 and the Southwest Indian Fair in 1922 (now known as the
Indian Market
). When Hewett tried to attract a summer program for Texas women, many artists rebelled, saying the city should not promote artificial tourism at the expense of its artistic culture. The writers and artists formed the Old Santa Fe Association and defeated the plan.
39
Japanese-American internment camp
edit
New Mexico voted against interning any of its citizens of Japanese heritage, so none of the Japanese New Mexicans were interned during World War II.
40
During
World War II
, the federal government ordered a
Japanese-American internment camp
to be established. Beginning in June 1942, the
Department of Justice
arrested 826 Japanese-American men after the
attack on Pearl Harbor
; they held them near Santa Fe, in a former
Civilian Conservation Corps
site that had been acquired and expanded for the purpose. Although there was a lack of evidence and no
due process
, the men were held on suspicion of
fifth column
activity. Security at Santa Fe was similar to a military prison, with twelve-foot barbed wire fences, guard towers equipped with searchlights, and guards carrying rifles, side arms and
tear gas
41
By September, the internees had been transferred to other facilities—523 to
War Relocation Authority
concentration camps in the interior of the West, and 302 to Army internment camps.
The
Fiestas de Santa Fe
c.
1930
The Santa Fe site was used next to hold
German
and
Italian
nationals, who were considered enemy aliens after the outbreak of war.
42
In February 1943, these civilian detainees were transferred to
Department of Justice
custody.
The camp was expanded at that time to take in 2,100 men segregated from the general population of Japanese-American inmates. These were mostly
Nisei
and
Kibei
who renounced their U.S. citizenship rather than sign an oath to "give up loyalty to the Japanese emperor" (offending them, since they had no identification with the emperor and were being asked to enlist in fighting him while their Japanese-born parents were interned) and other "troublemakers" from the
Tule Lake Segregation Center
41
In 1945, four internees were seriously injured when violence broke out between the internees and guards in an event known as the
Santa Fe Riot
. The camp remained open past the end of the war; the last detainees were released in mid-1946. The facility was closed and sold as surplus soon after.
42
The site is part of what is today the Casa Solana neighborhood.
43
21st century
edit
Corresponding to nationwide trends, Santa Fe has faced increasing challenges in affordability, with average rent growing by more than 40 percent from 2016 to 2021.
44
In November 2025, Santa Fe became the first city in the United States to pass an ordinance that directly links wages to housing affordability, in an effort to address high rents and housing prices.
45
Beginning in 2027, the city's minimum wage will be increased to $17.50 and will thereafter be increased annually based on a formula that combines the
Consumer Price Index
and fair market rent data.
45
Geography
edit
The
Santa Fe River
in downtown
According to the
United States Census Bureau
, Santa Fe has a total area of 52.4 square miles (135.6 square kilometers), of which 52.2 sq mi (135.3 km
) are land and 0.12 sq mi (0.3 km
), or 0.21%, is covered by water;
46
much of the liquid surface consists of the
Santa Fe River
and the
arroyos of Santa Fe
, which drain the region to the
Rio Grande
at
Cochiti Dam
. Located at 7,199 feet (2,194 m) above sea level, Santa Fe is the highest state capital in the United States.
47
Climate
edit
Santa Fe's climate is characterized by cool, dry winters, hot summers, and relatively low precipitation. According to the
Köppen climate classification
, depending on which variant of the system is used, the city has a
cold semi-arid climate
BSk
), common at
35°N
48
49
The 24-hour average temperature in the city ranges from 30.3 °F (−0.9 °C) in December to 70.1 °F (21.2 °C) in July. Due to the relative
aridity
and elevation, average
diurnal temperature variation
exceeds 25 °F (14 °C) in every month, and 30 °F (17 °C) much of the year. The city usually receives six to eight snowfalls a year between November and April. The heaviest rainfall occurs in July and August, with the arrival of the
North American Monsoon
Climate data for Santa Fe, New Mexico (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1972–present), elevation 6,998 ft (2,133 m)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
65
(18)
73
(23)
77
(25)
84
(29)
96
(36)
99
(37)
99
(37)
96
(36)
94
(34)
87
(31)
75
(24)
65
(18)
99
(37)
Mean maximum °F (°C)
56.3
(13.5)
61.5
(16.4)
70.9
(21.6)
77.7
(25.4)
86.1
(30.1)
94.6
(34.8)
94.8
(34.9)
91.7
(33.2)
87.4
(30.8)
79.7
(26.5)
67.3
(19.6)
56.3
(13.5)
96.1
(35.6)
Mean daily maximum °F (°C)
43.0
(6.1)
48.0
(8.9)
56.6
(13.7)
64.3
(17.9)
73.7
(23.2)
84.1
(28.9)
85.8
(29.9)
83.4
(28.6)
77.5
(25.3)
66.3
(19.1)
53.0
(11.7)
42.6
(5.9)
64.9
(18.3)
Daily mean °F (°C)
30.4
(−0.9)
34.7
(1.5)
41.5
(5.3)
48.3
(9.1)
57.3
(14.1)
67.1
(19.5)
70.5
(21.4)
68.6
(20.3)
62.1
(16.7)
50.8
(10.4)
38.7
(3.7)
30.1
(−1.1)
50.0
(10.0)
Mean daily minimum °F (°C)
17.9
(−7.8)
21.3
(−5.9)
26.4
(−3.1)
32.4
(0.2)
40.8
(4.9)
50.1
(10.1)
55.1
(12.8)
53.7
(12.1)
46.8
(8.2)
35.4
(1.9)
24.4
(−4.2)
17.6
(−8.0)
35.2
(1.8)
Mean minimum °F (°C)
1.9
(−16.7)
5.7
(−14.6)
10.7
(−11.8)
19.1
(−7.2)
26.9
(−2.8)
37.8
(3.2)
46.6
(8.1)
45.3
(7.4)
34.3
(1.3)
20.3
(−6.5)
8.3
(−13.2)
−0.1
(−17.8)
−4.1
(−20.1)
Record low °F (°C)
−14
(−26)
−24
(−31)
−6
(−21)
10
(−12)
19
(−7)
28
(−2)
37
(3)
36
(2)
26
(−3)
(−15)
−12
(−24)
−17
(−27)
−24
(−31)
Average
precipitation
inches (mm)
0.55
(14)
0.49
(12)
0.74
(19)
0.60
(15)
0.89
(23)
0.87
(22)
2.26
(57)
2.04
(52)
1.39
(35)
1.34
(34)
0.79
(20)
0.83
(21)
12.79
(325)
Average snowfall inches (cm)
3.7
(9.4)
2.4
(6.1)
3.9
(9.9)
0.4
(1.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
0.0
(0.0)
1.3
(3.3)
1.7
(4.3)
6.8
(17)
20.2
(51)
Average extreme snow depth inches (cm)
(10)
(10)
(5.1)
(2.5)
(0)
(0)
(0)
(0)
(0)
(0)
(5.1)
(10)
(10)
Average precipitation days
(≥ 0.01 in)
3.4
3.6
4.3
3.9
4.7
5.0
9.9
10.1
6.1
4.8
3.7
4.3
63.8
Average snowy days
(≥ 0.1 in)
1.7
1.2
1.2
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.4
0.6
1.9
7.5
Average
relative humidity
(%)
67
60
45
36
34
32
45
45
48
47
51
64
48
Mean monthly
sunshine hours
220.1
200.6
300.7
342.0
365.8
360.0
362.7
365.8
342.0
232.5
222.0
220.1
3,534.3
Mean daily
sunshine hours
7.1
7.1
9.7
11.4
11.8
12
11.7
11.8
11.4
7.5
7.4
7.1
9.7
Mean daily
daylight hours
10.1
10.9
12.0
13.1
14.1
14.5
14.3
13.5
12.4
11.3
10.3
9.8
12.2
Percentage
possible sunshine
70
65
81
87
84
83
82
87
92
66
72
72
78
Average
ultraviolet index
11
12
13
13
12
11
Source 1: NOAA (snow depth 2002-2023)
50
51
Source 2: Weather Atlas
52
(humidity, sun data), Nomadseason (UV 2022)
53
Demographics
edit
Historical population
Census
Pop.
Note
%±
1850
4,846
1860
4,635
−4.4%
1870
4,756
2.6%
1880
6,635
39.5%
1890
6,185
−6.8%
1900
5,603
−9.4%
1910
5,073
−9.5%
1920
7,326
44.4%
1930
11,176
52.6%
1940
20,325
81.9%
1950
27,998
37.8%
1960
34,394
22.8%
1970
41,167
19.7%
1980
48,053
16.7%
1990
52,303
8.8%
2000
61,109
16.8%
2010
67,947
11.2%
2020
87,505
28.8%
U.S. Decennial Census
54
Racial and ethnic composition
edit
Santa Fe, New Mexico – Racial and ethnic composition
Note: the US census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos may be of any race.
Race / Ethnicity
NH = Non-Hispanic
Pop 2000
55
Pop 2010
56
Pop 2020
57
%2000
%2010
%2020
White
(NH)
29,300
31,412
36,252
47.10%
46.23%
41.43%
Black or African American
(NH)
341
530
830
0.55%
0.78%
0.95%
Native American
or
Alaska Native
(NH)
1,019
891
1,287
1.64%
1.31%
1.47%
Asian
(NH)
761
927
1,589
1.22%
1.36%
1.82%
Pacific Islander
(NH)
36
25
33
0.06%
0.04%
0.04%
Some Other Race (NH)
98
182
554
0.16%
0.27%
0.63%
Mixed race or Multi-Racial
(NH)
904
891
2,318
1.45%
1.31%
2.65%
Hispanic or Latino
29,744
33,089
44,642
47.82%
48.70%
51.02%
Total
62,203
67,947
87,505
100.00%
100.00%
100.00%
2020 census
edit
As of the
2020 census
, Santa Fe had a population of 87,505. The median age was 45.4 years. 17.7% of residents were under the age of 18 and 24.3% of residents were 65 years of age or older. For every 100 females there were 90.5 males, and for every 100 females age 18 and over there were 87.9 males age 18 and over.
58
59
98.1% of residents lived in urban areas, while 1.9% lived in rural areas.
60
There were 39,683 households in Santa Fe, of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living in them. Of all households, 34.5% were married-couple households, 21.5% were households with a male householder and no spouse or partner present, and 35.8% were households with a female householder and no spouse or partner present. About 38.8% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older.
58
There were 44,691 housing units, of which 11.2% were vacant. The homeowner vacancy rate was 1.4% and the rental vacancy rate was 7.1%.
58
Racial composition as of the 2020 census
59
Race
Number
Percent
White
48,713
55.7%
Black or African American
978
1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native
2,133
2.4%
Asian
1,648
1.9%
Native Hawaiian
and
Other Pacific Islander
63
0.1%
Some other race
14,040
16.0%
Two or more races
19,930
22.8%
Hispanic or Latino
(of any race)
44,642
51.0%
2010 census
edit
As per the 2010 census, the racial makeup of the city residents was 78.9%
White
, 2.1% Native American; 1.4% Black, 1.4% Asian; and 3.7% from two or more races. A total of 48.7% of the population were
Hispanic
or Latino of any race. Non-Hispanic
Whites
were 39.5% of the population.
61
American Community Survey
edit
According to the 2022 U.S. Census Bureau
American Community Survey
, the ethnic and racial makeup of the city was 49.4%
White
, 1.6%
Native American
, 2.1%
Asian
, 0.6%
African American
, 16.9% from
other races
, and 1.6% from two or more races.
62
Hispanics or Latinos
of any race were 50.6% of the population.
63
Other demographics
edit
Approximately 23% of households identify as
LGBT
. This city has a history of inclusivity, with diverse community organizations.
64
Economy
edit
Downtown Santa Fe
In a September 2003 report by Angelou Economics, it was determined that Santa Fe should focus its economic development efforts in the following seven industries: Arts and Culture, Design, Hospitality, Conservation Technologies, Software Development, Publishing and New Media, and Outdoor Gear and Apparel. Three secondary targeted industries for Santa Fe to focus development in are health care, retiree services, and food & beverage. Angelou Economics recognized three economic signs that Santa Fe's economy was at risk of long-term deterioration. The seven industries recommended by the report "represent a good mix for short-, mid-, and long-term economic cultivation."
65
Tourism
edit
The Inn & Spa at Loretto
Tourism is a major element of the Santa Fe economy, with visitors attracted year-round by the climate and related outdoor activities (such as skiing in years of adequate snowfall; hiking in other seasons) plus cultural activities of the city and the region. Tourism information is provided by the
convention and visitor bureau
66
and the
chamber of commerce
67
Some tourist activities take place in the historic downtown, especially on and around the Plaza, a one-block square adjacent to the
Palace of the Governors
, the original seat of New Mexico's territorial government since the time of Spanish
colonization
. Other areas include "Museum Hill", the site of several art museums as well as the annual
Santa Fe International Folk Art Market
. There are numerous art and craft galleries along Canyon Road. During the second week of September, the
aspens
in the
Sangre de Cristo Mountains
turn yellow. This is also the time of the annual
Fiestas de Santa Fe
, celebrating the "reconquering" of Santa Fe by
Don Diego de Vargas
, a highlight of which is the burning
Zozobra
("Old Man Gloom"), a 50-foot (15 m)
marionette
68
Day trips in the Santa Fe area include locations such as the town of
Taos
, about 70 mi (113 km) north of Santa Fe. The historic
Bandelier National Monument
and the
Valles Caldera
are located approximately 30 mi (48 km) away. Santa Fe's
ski resort
Ski Santa Fe
, is about sixteen mi (26 km) northeast of the city.
Chimayo
is also nearby and many locals complete the annual pilgrimage to the
Santuario de Chimayo
69
Science and technology
edit
Hotel St. Francis
Santa Fe has been associated with science and technology since 1943, when it served as the gateway to
Los Alamos National Laboratory
(LANL), a 45-minute drive from the city. In 1984, the
Santa Fe Institute
(SFI) was founded to research
complex systems
in the physical, biological, economic, and political sciences; it has hosted such Nobel laureates as
Murray Gell-Mann
(physics),
Philip Warren Anderson
(physics), and
Kenneth Arrow
(economics). The
National Center for Genome Resources
(NCGR) was founded in 1994 to focus on research at the intersection of
bioscience
, computing, and mathematics.
70
Sandia National Laboratories
(SNL), one of three
research and development
laboratories of the
U.S. Department of Energy
's
National Nuclear Security Administration
(NNSA), is based in Albuquerque, roughly an hour from Santa Fe.
71
Since the 1990s, several technology companies have formed or established operations in the city to commercialize technologies emerging from these institutions.
Due to the presence and proximity of various educational and scientific institutions, its overall attractiveness for visitors, and an established tourism industry, Santa Fe routinely hosts a variety of scientific meetings, summer schools, and public lectures, such as International q-bio Conference on Cellular Information Processing, Santa Fe Institute's Complex Systems Summer School,
72
and LANL's Center For Nonlinear Studies Annual Conference.
73
In 2020, Santa Fe announced efforts to become the "Silicon Valley of the Southwest" through partnerships with various educational, scientific, and business organizations aimed at creating a "technology ecosystem".
74
The city is part of New Mexico's broader statewide initiative to become a science and technology hub, sometimes called "Silicon Mesa",
75
as well as the New Mexico Innovation Triangle (NMIT), an ongoing initiative launched in 2020 that includes Los Alamos and Albuquerque as part of a purported innovation ecosystem.
76
77
Arts and culture
edit
Santa Fe is well known as a center for arts and for its multiculturalism; since 2005, it has been designated as a
UNESCO Creative City
in Crafts and Folk Art.
78
Architecture
edit
Institute of American Indian Arts
The Spanish laid out the city according to the "
Laws of the Indies
", town planning rules and ordinances which had been established in 1573 by
King Philip II
. The fundamental principle was that the town be laid out around a central plaza. On its north side was the
Palace of the Governors
, while on the east was the church that later became the
Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
An important style implemented in planning the city was the radiating grid of streets centered on the central Plaza. Many were narrow and included small alleyways, but each gradually merged into the more casual byways of the agricultural perimeter areas. As the city grew throughout the 19th century, the building styles evolved too, so that by statehood in 1912, the eclectic nature of the buildings caused it to look like "Anywhere USA".
79
The city government realized that the economic decline, which had started more than twenty years before with the railway moving west and the federal government closing down Fort Marcy, might be reversed by the promotion of tourism.
The
Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
To achieve that goal, the city created the idea of imposing a unified building style – the
Santa Fe Pueblo Revival
look, which was based on work done restoring the Palace of the Governors. The sources for this style came from the many defining features of local architecture:
vigas
(rough, exposed beams that extrude through supporting walls, and are thus visible outside as well as inside the building) and
canales
(rain spouts cut into short parapet walls around flat roofs), features borrowed from many old adobe homes and churches built many years before and found in the
pueblos
, along with the earth-toned look (reproduced in
stucco
) of the old adobe exteriors.
After 1912 this style became official: all buildings were to be built using these elements. By 1930 there was a broadening to include the "Territorial", a style of the pre-statehood period which included the addition of
portales
(large, covered porches) and white-painted window and door pediments (and also sometimes
terra cotta
tiles on sloped roofs, but with flat roofs still dominating). The city had become "different". However, "in the rush to pueblofy"
80
Santa Fe, the city lost a great deal of its architectural history and eclecticism. Among the architects most closely associated with this new style are
T. Charles Gaastra
and
John Gaw Meem
By an ordinance passed in 1957, new and rebuilt buildings, especially those in designated historic districts, must exhibit a
Spanish Territorial
or Pueblo style of architecture, with flat roofs and other features suggestive of the area's traditional
adobe
construction. However, many contemporary houses in the city are built from lumber, concrete blocks, and other common building materials, but with stucco surfaces (sometimes referred to as "faux-dobe", pronounced as one word: "foe-dough-bee") reflecting the historic style.
Visual arts
edit
New Mexico Museum of Art
Canyon Road, east of the Plaza, has the highest concentration of art galleries in the city, and is a destination for international collectors, tourists and locals. The Canyon Road galleries showcase an array of contemporary,
Southwestern
, Indigenous American, and experimental art, in addition
Taos Masters
, and
Native American
pieces. There are several outdoor sculptures in the city, including many statues of
Francis of Assisi
, and several other holy figures, such as
Kateri Tekakwitha
81
SITE Santa Fe
exhibits new developments in contemporary art, encouraging artistic exploration, and expanding traditional museum experiences. Launched in 1995 SITE organizes an international biennial of contemporary art in the United States, similar to exhibitions as the
Whitney Biennial
and the
Venice Biennale
but at a smaller scale.
82
83
Statue of
St. Kateri Tekakwitha
Santa Fe contains a lively contemporary art scene, with
Meow Wolf
as its main art collective. Originally backed by author
George R. R. Martin
84
Meow Wolf opened an elaborate art installation space, called House of Eternal Return, in 2016.
85
Literature
edit
Numerous authors followed the influx of
visual artist
. Well-known writers who currently or previously lived in the city include
D. H. Lawrence
Cormac McCarthy
Arkady Martine
Vivian Shaw
Michael Tobias
Kate Braverman
Douglas Adams
Tony Hillerman
Roger Zelazny
Alice Corbin Henderson
Mary Austin
Witter Bynner
Dan Flores
Paul Horgan
Rudolfo Anaya
George R. R. Martin
Mitch Cullin
David Morrell
Evan S. Connell
Richard Bradford
John Masters
Jack Schaefer
Hampton Sides
Ariel Gore
Daniela Naomi Molnar
, and
Michael McGarrity
. Novelist
Walker Percy
lived on a
dude ranch
outside Santa Fe before returning to Louisiana to begin his literary career.
86
Music, dance, and opera
edit
Performance Santa Fe, formerly the Santa Fe Concert Association, is the oldest presenting organization in Santa Fe. Founded in 1937, Performance Santa Fe brings celebrated and legendary musicians as well as some of the world's greatest dancers and actors to the city year-round.
87
The
Santa Fe Opera
stages its productions between late June and late August each year. The city also hosts the
Santa Fe Chamber Music Festival
which is held at about the same time, mostly in the
St. Francis Auditorium
and in the
Lensic Theater
. In July and August, the
Santa Fe Desert Chorale
holds its summer festival. Santa Fe has its own professional ballet company,
Aspen Santa Fe Ballet
, which performs in both cities and tours nationally and internationally. Santa Fe is also home to internationally acclaimed Flamenco dancer's
María Benítez
Institute for Spanish Arts which offers programs and performance in Flamenco, Spanish Guitar and similar arts year-round.
Fashion
edit
Santa Fe has become a growing hub for Indigenous and contemporary fashion. Each May, the city hosts
Native Fashion Week
88
an annual series of events celebrating Indigenous designers, artists, and models from across North America. In August, during the
Santa Fe Indian Market
, the SWAIA Indigenous Fashion Show draws national attention for its high-profile runway presentations of Native couture. Additionally, Santa Fe Fashion Week, held annually in the fall, features regional designers and emerging talent, contributing to the city’s expanding presence in the fashion industry.
Landmarks
edit
Santuario de Guadalupe
is the oldest church in the country dedicated to the
Virgin of Guadalupe
New Mexico State Capitol
Cathedral Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
Loretto Chapel
Palace of the Governors
San Miguel Mission
and the rest of the
Barrio De Analco Historic District
Santuario de Guadalupe
De Vargas Street House
New Mexico Governor's Mansion
La Cieneguilla Petroglyphs
Barrio De Analco Historic District
Don Gaspar Historic District
Santa Fe Historic District
Santa Fe Railyard
arts district
Museums
edit
Georgia O'Keeffe Museum
Santa Fe has many museums located near the downtown Plaza:
New Mexico Museum of Art
– collections of modern and contemporary Southwestern art
Museum of Contemporary Native Arts
– contemporary Native American arts with political aspects
Georgia O'Keeffe Museum
– devoted to the work of O'Keeffe and others whom she influenced
New Mexico History Museum
– located behind the
Palace of the Governors
Site Santa Fe
– a contemporary art space
Several other museums are located in the area known as Museum Hill:
89
Museum of International Folk Art
– folk art from around the world
Museum of Indian Arts and Culture
Native American arts
Wheelwright Museum of the American Indian
– Native American art and history
Museum of Spanish Colonial Art – Tradition arts from the Spanish-colonial era to contemporary times.
90
Restaurants
edit
Alkemē
Bobcat Bite
Sports
edit
The
New Mexico Style
were an
American Basketball Association
franchise founded in 2005, but reformed in
Texas
for the 2007–08 season as the El Paso S'ol (which folded without playing an ABA game in their new city). The
Santa Fe Roadrunners
were a
North American Hockey League
team, but moved to
Kansas
to become the
Topeka Roadrunners
. Santa Fe's
rodeo
, the Rodeo De Santa Fe, is held annually during the last week of June.
91
In May 2012, Santa Fe became the home of the
Santa Fe Fuego
of the
Pecos League of Professional Baseball Clubs
. They play their home games at
Fort Marcy Ballfield
Horse racing
events were held at
The Downs at Santa Fe
from 1971 until 1997.
Government
edit
The
New Mexico State Capitol
, commonly known as The Roundhouse, was built in a
Territorial Revival style
Santa Fe is a
charter city
governed by a
mayor-council system
92
The city is divided into four
electoral districts
, each represented by two councilors. Councilors are elected to staggered four-year terms and one councilor from each district is elected every two years.
92
: Article VI
The current mayor of Santa Fe is
Alan Webber
93
current city council members are Alma Castro, Signe I. Lindell, Michael Garcia, Carol Romero-Wirth, Pilar Faulkner, Lee Garcia, Jamie Cassutt, and Amanda Chávez.
The municipal judgeship is an elected position and a requirement of the holder is that they be a member of the state
bar
. The judge is elected to four-year terms.
92
: Article VII
Santiago Campos U.S. Courthouse
The mayor is the chief executive officer of the city and a member of the governing body. The mayor has numerous powers and duties, and while previously the mayor could only vote when there was a tie among the city council, the city charter was amended by referendum in 2014 to allow the mayor to vote on all matters in front of the council. Starting in 2018, the position of mayor will be a full-time professional paid position within city government.
92
: Article V
Day-to-day operations of the municipality are undertaken by the city manager's office.
92
: Article VIII
Federal
edit
The
Joseph M. Montoya
Federal Building and Post Office serves as an office for U.S. federal government operations. It also contains the primary
United States Postal Service
post office in the city.
94
Other post offices in the Santa Fe city limits include Coronado,
95
De Vargas Mall,
96
and Santa Fe Place Mall.
97
The
U.S. Courthouse
building, constructed in 1889, was added to the
National Register of Historic Places
in 1973.
98
Politics
edit
Adelina Otero-Warren
, a leading suffragist in New Mexico, became one of the state's first female government officials when she served as superintendent of Santa Fe public schools from 1917 to 1929. In 1922, she also became the first
Hispanic
woman to run for the U.S. Congress, as the
Republican
nominee to represent
New Mexico's at-large district
. In 2022, Otero-Warren was one of five women chosen for the
American Women Quarters Program
, which honors women who have made notable contributions to the country.
99
Santa Fe has long been one of the strongest Democratic bastions in the state of New Mexico. In 2024, Kamala Harris earned 78.1% of the city's vote, while the Republican candidate Donald Trump received 19.5%.
citation needed
Education
edit
Santa Fe Public Library
Public schools in Santa Fe are operated by
Santa Fe Public Schools
, with the exception of the New Mexico School for the Arts, which is a public/private partnership comprising the NMSA-Art Institute, a nonprofit art educational institution, and NMSA-Charter School, an accredited New Mexico state charter high school.
Santa Fe has four public high schools:
Santa Fe High School
(1,500 students)
Capital High School
(1,300 students)
New Mexico School for the Arts
(200 students)
Mandela International Magnet School (300 students)
The city's institutions of higher education include
St. John's College
, a
liberal arts college
; the
Institute of American Indian Arts
, a tribal college for Native American arts;
Southwestern College
, a graduate school for counseling and art therapy; and
Santa Fe Community College
The city has four private college preparatory high schools:
St. Michael's High School
New Mexico School for the Deaf
, Santa Fe Secondary School, and
Santa Fe Preparatory School
. The Academy for Technology and the Classics is the one charter school.
100
The
Santa Fe Indian School
is an off-reservation school for
Native Americans
. Santa Fe is also the location of the New Mexico School for the Arts, a public-private partnership, arts-focused high school. The city has many private elementary schools as well, including Little Earth School,
101
Santa Fe International Elementary School,
102
Rio Grande School, Desert Montessori School,
103
La Mariposa Montessori, The Tara School, Fayette Street Academy, The Santa Fe Girls' School,
The Academy for the Love of Learning
, and Santa Fe School for the Arts and Sciences.
Media
edit
The
Lamy Building
, built in 1878
Santa Fe's daily newspaper is the
Santa Fe New Mexican
and each week, it publishes
Pasatiempo
, its long-running magazine providing commentary on arts, events, and entertainment.
104
Other publications in the city include
Santa Fe Reporter
New Mexico Magazine
, and
Green Fire Times
105
KSFR
is a local
variety
radio station that owned by
Santa Fe Community College
and broadcasts on 101.1 FM.
106
Transportation
edit
Air
edit
Santa Fe is served by the
Santa Fe Regional Airport
American Airlines
provides regional jet service to
Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport
and
Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport
United Airlines
has regional jet service to
Denver International Airport
and
Houston Intercontinental Airport
seasonally. Additionally,
JSX (airline)
offers service to
Dallas Love Field
107
Road
edit
Downtown Santa Fe
Santa Fe is located on
I-25
. In addition,
U.S. Route 84
(US 84) and
US 285
pass through the city, along St. Francis Drive.
NM-599
forms a
limited-access road
bypass around the northwestern part of the city.
108
In its earliest alignment (1926–1937),
US 66
ran through Santa Fe.
109
Public transit
edit
Santa Fe Depot
is served by the
New Mexico Rail Runner Express
Santa Fe Trails
, run by the city, operates a number of bus routes within the city during business hours and also provides connections to regional transit.
The
New Mexico Rail Runner Express
is a
commuter rail
service operating in
Valencia
Bernalillo
(including
Albuquerque
),
Sandoval
, and
Santa Fe Counties
. In Santa Fe County, the service uses 18 miles (29 km) of new right-of-way connecting the
BNSF Railway
's old transcontinental mainline to existing right-of-way in Santa Fe used by the
Santa Fe Southern Railway
. Santa Fe is currently served by four stations,
Santa Fe Depot
South Capitol
Zia Road
, and
Santa Fe County/NM 599
New Mexico Park and Ride
, a division of the
New Mexico Department of Transportation
, and the
North Central Regional Transit District
operate primarily weekday commuter
coach
/bus service to Santa Fe from
Torrance
Rio Arriba
Taos
San Miguel
and
Los Alamos Counties
in addition to shuttle services within Santa Fe connecting major government activity centers.
110
111
Prior to the Rail Runner's extension to Santa Fe, Park and Ride operated commuter coach service between Albuquerque and Santa Fe.
Groome Transportation provides shuttles between Santa Fe and the
Albuquerque International Sunport
112
Rail
edit
The
New Mexico Rail Runner Express
connects Santa Fe to the
Albuquerque area
Along with the
New Mexico Rail Runner Express
, a commuter rail line serving the metropolitan areas of Albuquerque and Santa Fe, the city or its environs are served by two other railroads. The
Santa Fe Southern Railway
, now mostly a tourist rail experience but also carrying freight, operates excursion services out of Santa Fe as far as
Lamy
, 15 miles (24 km) to the southeast. The Santa Fe Southern line is one of the United States' few
rails with trails
. Lamy is also served by
Amtrak
's daily
Southwest Chief
for train service to Chicago, Los Angeles, and intermediate points. Passengers transiting Lamy may use a special connecting coach/van service to reach Santa Fe.
Trails
edit
Multi-use bicycle, pedestrian, and equestrian trails are increasingly popular in Santa Fe, for both recreation and commuting. These include the
Dale Ball Trails
, a 24.4-mile (39.3 km) network starting within two miles (3.2 km) of the Santa Fe Plaza; the long
Santa Fe Rail Trail
to
Lamy
; the
Atalaya Trail
up
Atalaya Mountain
; and the
Santa Fe River Trail
. Santa Fe is the terminus of three
National Historic Trails
El Camino Real de Tierra Adentro National Historic Trail
, the
Old Spanish National Historic Trail
, and the
Santa Fe National Historic Trail
Notable people
edit
See also:
List of people from Santa Fe, New Mexico
Sister cities
edit
Santa Fe's
sister cities
are:
113
Bukhara
, Uzbekistan (1988)
Hidalgo del Parral
, Mexico (1984)
Holguín
, Cuba (2001)
Icheon
, South Korea (2013)
Livingstone, Zambia
(2012)
San Miguel de Allende
, Mexico (1992)
Santa Fe, Granada
, Spain (1983)
Sorrento
, Italy (1995)
Tsuyama
, Japan (1992)
Zhangjiajie
, China (2009)
See also
edit
National Old Trails Road
Timeline of Santa Fe, New Mexico
Water Engineers for the Americas
Hyundai Santa Fe
Notes
edit
Also spelled Kuapooge, Apoga, Apoge, Cua P'Hoge, Cua-P'ho-o-ge, Cua-po-oge, Cua-Po-o-que, Kua-p'o-o-ge, Oga P'Hoge, Og-a-p'o-ge, Poga, Poge, Po-o-ge, etc.
15
References
edit
"Elected Officials"
City of Santa Fe
. Retrieved
January 4,
2024
"ArcGIS REST Services Directory"
. United States Census Bureau
. Retrieved
October 12,
2022
"Geographic Names Information System"
edits.nationalmap.gov
. Retrieved
May 8,
2023
"Census Population API"
. United States Census Bureau
. Retrieved
October 12,
2022
"Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas Population Totals: 2020-2024"
United States Census Bureau
, Population Division. March 13, 2025
. Retrieved
March 13,
2025
McMullen, Matt (December 6, 2004).
"What state's capital city is at the highest elevation?"
CNET
"Santa Fe (New Mexico, United States)"
Encyclopædia Britannica
Archived
from the original on May 12, 2011
. Retrieved
May 31,
2011
"The Story Behind 54 American Cities Named After Catholic Saints"
. July 7, 2016.
Archived
from the original on February 11, 2018
. Retrieved
February 11,
2018
"Santa Fe - Creative Cities Network"
. UNESCO.
"Santa Fe | History, Population, Map, & Facts | Britannica"
www.britannica.com
. June 21, 2024
. Retrieved
July 4,
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Further reading
edit
Dick, Robert H. (2006).
My Time There: The Art Colonies of Santa Fe and Taos, New Mexico 1956–2006
. St. Louis Mercantile Library, University of Missouri.
ISBN
978-0963980489
Hammett, Kingsley (2004).
Santa Fe: A Walk Through Time
. Layton, Utah: Gibbs Smith.
ISBN
1586851020
La Farge, John Pen (2006).
Turn Left at the Sleeping Dog: Scripting the Santa Fe Legend, 1920–1955
. University of New Mexico Press.
ISBN
978-0826320155
Lovato, Andrew Leo (2006).
Santa Fe Hispanic Culture: Preserving Identity in a Tourist Town
. University of New Mexico Press.
ISBN
978-0826332264
Noble, David Grant (2008).
Santa Fe: History of an Ancient City
(2nd ed.). School for Advanced Research Press.
ISBN
978-1934691045
Wilson, Chris (1997).
The Myth of Santa Fe: Creating a Modern Regional Tradition
. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
ISBN
0826317464
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