Papers by Stéphanie Barbu
Quel Français tu parles ?
National audienceno abstrac
Structuration et dynamique des usages langagiers au sein des réseaux sociaux
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), May 26, 2007
National audienc
Comportement social et intégration sociale dans le groupe classe à l'école maternelle [Social behaviour and integration in an infant school class : Behaviours disorders in schoolchildren]
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 1, 2003
L’observation longitudinale des interactions sociales entre les enfants d’une classe de moyenne s... more L’observation longitudinale des interactions sociales entre les enfants d’une classe de moyenne section de maternelle a permis de rendre compte de la position sociale des enfants au sein du groupe et des comportements sous-jacents a trois reprises sur l’annee scolaire. Ainsi, deux typologies sont apparues pour les enfants peu populaires avec des enfants peu actifs socialement et presentant un profil comportemental social similaire aux autres enfants de la classe, et d’autres, aussi peu actifs, mais manifestant des comportements negatifs.
Quel Français tu parles ?
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), 2011
National audienceno abstrac
Contextual Sensitivity and Bird Song
The MIT Press eBooks, Aug 22, 2008
Dialects in animals: evidence, development and potential functions
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 17, 2018
National audienc
Six-month-old infants are sensible to turn-taking violation
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 15, 2017
International audienceTurn-taking is an important characteristic of conversational skills, where ... more International audienceTurn-taking is an important characteristic of conversational skills, where speakers and listeners alternate smoothly their roles, avoiding overlaps and extensive gaps between turns. A child needs more than 3 years to handle turn-taking skills although alternated vocalizations with his/her parents become predominant around the age of 9 months. Our experiment aimed to assess the ability of 6-month-old infants to perceive a breach of turn-taking characteristics: namely overlap. The infants watched videos of three sketches in which two women spoke to them. Three different situations were presented to each infant: 1) the first speaker turned towards the second person to allow her to speak; 2) the second speaker started speaking right as soon as the first speaker has finished; 3) the second speaker started to speak before the first speaker has finished (=overlap). The pictures of both speakers were presented side by side before and after each sketch. We measured the looking time at each speaker before and after each sketch. The infants looked longer at the second speaker after she overlapped the first one in the conversation. Overlap perception by infants seems to occur around 6 months, even before they are able to alternate smoothly their vocalizations with their parents.
Conversational skills: Detection of turn-taking violation in 6-month-old infants
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jul 17, 2017
Turn-taking is an important characteristic of everyday life communication. During a conversation,... more Turn-taking is an important characteristic of everyday life communication. During a conversation, speakers and listeners alternate smoothly their roles and participants avoid overlaps and extensive gaps between conversational turns (Sacks et al, 1974). A child needs more than 3 years to handle turn-taking skills although alternated vocalizations between a child and his/her parents become predominant before a child is 9 months old (Casillas et al, 2015; Jasnow, 1986). Our experiment aimed to assess the ability of 6-month-old infants to perceive a breach of turn-taking characteristics, namely an overlap. To do so, the infants (N=40) watched videos of three sketches in which two women spoke to them. Three different situations were presented to each infant: 1) the first speaker turned toward the second to allow her to speak; 2) the second speaker started speaking right at the end of the first speaker's sentence; 3) the second speaker started speaking before the end of the first speaker's sentence (=overlap). The pictures of both speakers were presented side by side before and after each sketch. Sketches were shown in a random order and speakers differed between sketches. We measured the time infants looked at each speaker before and after each sketch. Six-month-old infants looked longer to the second speaker after she realized an overlap in the conversation. However, this behavioral response was only observed when the infants had previously seen two sketches with a respected turn-taking. Thus, their reaction to an overlap depended on their short-term experience. Six-month-old infants need to be exposed to correctly alternated turns to detect subsequently a breach in an interaction. Nevertheless, this suggests that the precursor of overlap perception by infants occurs around 6 months, even before they are able to alternate smoothly their vocalizations with their parents.
Socio-economic status and gender influences on early language acquisition: Input exposure and developmental dynamics over the preschool years [Plenary talk]
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Dec 4, 2012
International audienceLe statut socio-economic (SES) et le genre ont été identifiés de façon répé... more International audienceLe statut socio-economic (SES) et le genre ont été identifiés de façon répétée comme une source de variation pour divers aspects du langage. Il y a beaucoup de variabilité entre les enfants au cours de l'acquisition du langage, les petites filles de statut socio-économique élevé développant certains traits plus tôt que d'autres enfants du même âge. Toutefois la question de savoir si le SES impacte également garçons et filles, aussi bien que la question de la magnitude et de la persistance de ces différences au cours du développement, restent ouvertes. De plus, les enfants sont exposés à des variations importantes du langage parlé dans leur entourage. Cette variation n'est pas non-structurée ou aléatoire, mais plutôt socialement structurée selon diverses dimensions telles que les caractéristiques socio-démographiques du locuteur ou le contexte situationnel du discours. Nous avons de plus en plus de preuves que les enfants acquièrent tôt des aspects de la variation structurée présente dans le discours des adultes. Toutefois, des questions concernant comment les enfants traitent cette variation pendant l'acquisition et quand et comment ils acquièrent des patrons sociolinguistiques variables ont été largement négligées. Pour éprouver les influences du genre et du SES à la fois sur les capacités verbales des enfants et sur les usages sociolinguistiques dans la petite enfance, nous avons compilé un ensemble d'études examinant comment des enfants de 2 à 6 ans acquièrent une alternance phonologique fréquente : les liaisons. Les liaisons constituent un défi pour l’enfant qui doit isoler les mots dans le flux du discours : en témoignent de nombreuses erreurs chez le jeune enfant. De plus, il existe des liaisons de deux types : les liaisons obligatoires qui sont imposées et ne varient pas avec les caractéristiques des locuteurs adultes, et les liaisons variables que les locuteurs adultes n’utilisent pas tous de la même manière, en fonction de leur identité. Les liaisons sont aussi un indicateur important des effets de fréquence. Pour toutes ces raisons, les liaisons sont susceptibles de mettre en valeur l’impact des différences quantitatives et qualitatives dans l’input, à la croisée des perspectives psycholinguistiques et sociolinguistiques
Vocal accommodation in family and peer networks in mid-childhood
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 19, 2009
Acoustic variations are found in the vocal communication of many animals, including humans. Vocal... more Acoustic variations are found in the vocal communication of many animals, including humans. Vocal structures can vary in relation to individual characteristics and group membership. Moreover, individuals can modify their vocalizations to match those of their partners during vocal exchanges. Although vocal matching has been extensively described by ethologists and sociolinguistics in adults, their ontogenetic mechanisms and functions remain unexplored. Therefore, we aimed to study whether and how children adjust their speech to different partners within both family and peer groups. In this perspective, an intensive singlecase study was conducted on a ten-year-old boy from a French village known for the use of a regional dialect. Dyadic conversations were recorded at home with family members and four close friends according to the duration of the relationship and their native origin. Various vernacular variants of general and regional local French were examined. Our results showed that the different partners had different uses of both general and regional variants, and that the child accommodated his speech to the identity of his partner.
Journal of Sociolinguistics, Nov 1, 2010
Although stylistic variation within social networks has been described in adults, this topic rema... more Although stylistic variation within social networks has been described in adults, this topic remains under-researched in children. One question that remains unanswered is the extent to which stylistic variation is the result of automatic alignment or of intentional, pragmatically motivated adjustment. We present an in-depth sociolinguistic case study of a 10-year-old boy, his family and four friends selected according to their place of birth and the duration of their relationship with the boy. Statistical analyses of sociolinguistic variables of French suggest that the child's use of these variants is influenced by pragmatic motivations but not by automatic alignment.
Vocal repertoire and social influences on call production in Campbell’s monkey
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Aug 20, 2003
International audienc
Sociophonetic Variation and Language Acquisition: Benchmarks, Debates, and Prospects
Langage et societe, 2015
Dialects in animal and human: more than a metaphor
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Mar 4, 2013
International audienc
Langage et différences entre les sexes chez des enfants d’âge préscolaire et leurs parents
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Sep 8, 2008
International audienc
Family socioeconomic status and gender differences in early language acquisition: SES does not impact equally upon boys and girls
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 24, 2013
International audienc
La construction de l'identité sexuée
Sciences humaines, Jul 1, 2014
International audienc
Dialects in animals: an overview [Conférence plénière]
International audienceDialects are one of the parallels that have long been established between h... more International audienceDialects are one of the parallels that have long been established between human language and animal communication. Here we will describe the different forms of “dialects” discovered in animals and discuss some potential functional parallels between human and animal dialects, arguing that in both cases different mechanisms and functions may be at stake where large geographical versus very localized (e.g. social) variations are concerned. Birdsong studies in particular, but also recent studies of mammal vocalizations, show that the use of the term “dialect” to refer to within-species vocal variations in animal species is more than a metaphor and that animal dialects offer a possibility to explore the causes and functions of linguistic variation and change. We present here an original view, as our approach is not “primate-centered”, and takes into consideration “homoplasy” (analogy) as a potential mechanism to explain that different taxa have evolved the same func...
Identité sexuée
National audienceCe traité de Psychologie sociale apporte un panorama introductif des domaines ac... more National audienceCe traité de Psychologie sociale apporte un panorama introductif des domaines actuels de la psychologie sociale. Rédigé par près de cinquante spécialistes, il aborde dans un langage accessible qui ne sacrifie pas à la simplification les aspects fondamentaux des pensées, émotions et conduites individuelles et collectives. Le traité s’organise en trois parties. La première introduit à l’histoire et aux méthodologies qui fondent la science du comportement social. La seconde partie aborde les thématiques fondamentales de la psychologie sociale telles que l’identité, les émotions, les attributions, la conformité sociale, les stéréotypes, les conduites agressives ou encore les représentations sociales. Celles-ci sont présentées à travers les recherches classiques et les développements brûlants de la discipline. Une troisième partie offre un aperçu très documenté des applications actuelles de la discipline : la santé, la justice, le sport, l’éducation, l’environnement. Enf...
Six-month-old infants are sensible to turn-taking violation
HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe), Jun 15, 2017
International audienceTurn-taking is an important characteristic of conversational skills, where ... more International audienceTurn-taking is an important characteristic of conversational skills, where speakers and listeners alternate smoothly their roles, avoiding overlaps and extensive gaps between turns. A child needs more than 3 years to handle turn-taking skills although alternated vocalizations with his/her parents become predominant around the age of 9 months. Our experiment aimed to assess the ability of 6-month-old infants to perceive a breach of turn-taking characteristics: namely overlap. The infants watched videos of three sketches in which two women spoke to them. Three different situations were presented to each infant: 1) the first speaker turned towards the second person to allow her to speak; 2) the second speaker started speaking right as soon as the first speaker has finished; 3) the second speaker started to speak before the first speaker has finished (=overlap). The pictures of both speakers were presented side by side before and after each sketch. We measured the looking time at each speaker before and after each sketch. The infants looked longer at the second speaker after she overlapped the first one in the conversation. Overlap perception by infants seems to occur around 6 months, even before they are able to alternate smoothly their vocalizations with their parents.