The Economist - Wikipedia

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British news and current affairs journal
For the profession, see
Economist
. For other uses, see
The Economist (disambiguation)
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The Economist
Cover of the 1 August 2020 issue
Owner
The Economist Group
Founder
James Wilson
Editor
Zanny Minton Beddoes
Deputy editor
Tom Standage
Founded
September 1843
; 182 years ago
1843-09
Political alignment
Radical centrism
Economic liberalism
Social liberalism
Headquarters
The Adelphi
1–11 John Adam St,
Westminster
London
WC2N 6HT,
United Kingdom
Circulation
1.225 million (as of September 2025)
ISSN
0013-0613
OCLC
number
1081684
Website
www
.economist
.com
The Economist
is a British news and current affairs journal published in a weekly print magazine format and daily on
digital
platforms. Widely considered a magazine, it refers to itself as a newspaper,
and publishes stories on topics that include economics, business, geopolitics, technology and culture. Mostly written and edited in
London
it has other editorial offices in the United States and in major cities in continental Europe, Asia, and the Middle East.
The publication prominently features
data journalism
, and has a focus on interpretive analysis over
original reporting
, to both criticism and acclaim.
Founded in 1843,
The Economist
was first circulated by Scottish economist
James Wilson
to muster support for abolishing the British
Corn Laws
(1815–1846), a system of import
tariffs
. Over time, the newspaper's coverage expanded further into
political economy
and eventually began running articles on current events, finance, commerce, and British politics. Throughout the mid-to-late 20th century, it greatly expanded its layout and format, adding opinion columns, special reports,
political cartoons
reader letters
, cover stories, art critique, book reviews, and technology features. The paper is recognisable by its
fire engine red
masthead
(nameplate) and illustrated, topical covers. Individual articles are written anonymously, with no
byline
, in order for the paper to speak as one collective voice. It is supplemented by its sister lifestyle magazine,
1843
, and a variety of podcasts, films, and books. It is considered a
newspaper of record
in the UK.
10
The
editorial stance of
The Economist
primarily revolves around
classical
social
, and most notably
economic liberalism
. It has supported
radical centrism
, favouring policies and governments that maintain
centrist politics
. The newspaper typically champions economic liberalism, particularly free markets, free trade, free immigration, deregulation, and globalisation. Its extensive use of
word play
and high subscription price has linked the paper with a high-income elite readership, drawing both positive and negative connotations.
11
In line with this, it claims to have an influential readership of prominent business leaders and policy-makers.
12
History
edit
Scottish economist
James Wilson
founded the newspaper to "take part in a severe contest between intelligence ... and ... ignorance". Its first issue (right) was published on 2 September 1843 as a
broadsheet
newspaper before transitioning into a
perfect-bound weekly
paper in 1971; the paper currently uses a
stapled magazine
format.
The Economist
was founded by the British businessman and banker
James Wilson
in 1843, to advance the repeal of the
Corn Laws
, a system of import tariffs.
13
14
prospectus
for the newspaper from 5 August 1843 enumerated thirteen areas of coverage that its editors wanted the publication to focus on:
15
Original
leading articles
, in which free-trade principles will be most rigidly applied to all the important questions of the day.
Articles relating to some practical, commercial, agricultural, or foreign topic of passing interest, such as foreign treaties.
An article on the elementary principles of
political economy
, applied to practical experience, covering the laws related to prices, wages, rent, exchange, revenue and taxes.
Parliamentary
reports, with particular focus on commerce, agriculture and free trade.
Reports and accounts of popular movements advocating free trade.
General news from the
Court of St James's
, the
Metropolis
, the
Provinces
, Scotland, and Ireland.
Commercial topics such as changes in fiscal regulations, the state and prospects of the markets, imports and exports, foreign news, the state of the manufacturing districts, notices of important new mechanical improvements, shipping news, the money market, and the progress of railways and public companies.
Agricultural topics, including the application of geology and
chemistry
; notices of new and improved
implements
, state of crops, markets, prices, foreign markets and prices converted into English money; from time to time, in some detail, the plans pursued in Belgium, Switzerland, and other well-cultivated countries.
Colonial
and foreign topics, including trade, produce, political and fiscal changes, and other matters, including
exposés
on the evils of restriction and protection, and the advantages of free intercourse and trade.
Law reports, confined chiefly to areas important to commerce, manufacturing, and agriculture.
Books, confined chiefly, but not so exclusively, to commerce, manufacturing, and agriculture, and including all treatises on political economy, finance, or taxation.
A commercial
gazette
, with prices and statistics of the week.
Correspondence and inquiries
from the newspaper's readers.
Wilson described it as taking part in "a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress", a phrase which still appears on its
imprint
(US: masthead) as the publication's mission.
16
It has long been respected as "one of the most competent and subtle Western periodicals on public affairs".
17
It was cited by
Karl Marx
in his formulation of socialist theory because Marx felt the publication epitomised the interests of the bourgeoisie.
18
He wrote that "the London
Economist
, the European organ of the aristocracy of finance, described most strikingly the attitude of this class."
19
In 1915, revolutionary
Vladimir Lenin
referred to
The Economist
as a "journal that speaks for British millionaires".
20
Additionally, Lenin stated that
The Economist
held a "bourgeois-pacifist" position and supported peace out of fear of
revolution
21
In the
currency
disputes of the mid-nineteenth century, the journal sided with the Banking School against the
Currency School
. It criticised the
Bank Charter Act 1844
which restricted the amount of bank notes that the Bank of England could issue on the basis of Currency School policy encouraged by
Lord Overstone
, that eventually developed into
monetarism
. It blamed the 1857 financial crisis in Britain on 'a certain class of
doctrinaires'
who 'refer every commercial crisis and its disastrous consequences to "excessive issues of bank notes".
22
23
It identified the causes of the
financial crisis
as variations in
interest rates
and a build-up of excess
financial capital
leading to unwise
investments
22
23
A panel of journalists and public policy leaders at
The Economist
s 2019 India Summit
In 1920, the paper's circulation rose to 6,170. In 1934, it underwent its first major redesign. The current
fire engine red
nameplate was created by
Reynolds Stone
in 1959.
24
In 1971,
The Economist
changed its large
broadsheet format
into a smaller
magazine-style perfect-bound
formatting.
25
In 1981 the publication introduced a North American edition after publishing the British edition since 1843; its circulation had increased more than tenfold by 2010.
In January 2012,
The Economist
launched a new weekly section devoted exclusively to China, the first new country section since the introduction of one on the United States in 1942.
26
In 1991,
James Fallows
argued in
The Washington Post
that
The Economist
used editorial lines that contradicted the news stories they purported to highlight.
27
In 1999,
Andrew Sullivan
complained in
The New Republic
that it uses "marketing genius"
28
to make up for deficiencies in original reporting, resulting in "a kind of
Reader's Digest
29
for America's corporate elite.
29
30
The Guardian
wrote that "its writers rarely see a political or economic problem that cannot be solved by the trusted three-card trick of privatisation, deregulation and liberalisation".
31
In 2005, the
Chicago Tribune
named it the best English-language paper noting its strength in international reporting where it does not feel moved to "cover a faraway land only at a time of unmitigated disaster" and that it kept a wall between its reporting and its more conservative editorial policies.
32
In 2008,
Jon Meacham
, former editor of
Newsweek
and a self-described "fan", criticised
The Economist
's
focus on analysis over original reporting.
33
In 2012,
The Economist
was
accused of hacking
into the computer of Justice
Mohammed Nizamul Huq
of the
Bangladesh
Supreme Court, leading to his resignation as the chairman of the
International Crimes Tribunal
34
35
In August 2015,
Pearson
sold its 50% stake in the newspaper to the Italian
Agnelli family
's investment company,
Exor
, for £469 million (US$531 million) and the paper re-acquired the remaining shares for £182 million ($206 million).
36
37
Fossil fuel advertising
edit
An investigation by
the Intercept
the Nation
and
DeSmog
found that
The Economist
is one of the leading media outlets that publishes advertising for the
fossil fuel
industry. Journalists who cover
climate change
for
The Economist
are concerned that
conflicts of interest
with the companies and industries that
caused climate change
and
obstructed action
will reduce the credibility of their reporting on climate change and cause readers to downplay the
climate crisis
38
Organisation
edit
The Economist
is a member of
the Economist Group
Shareholders
edit
City of Westminster
's Smithson Plaza, formerly known as The Economist Building,
39
40
41
42
served as the headquarters of the paper until 2017, on
St James's Street
Pearson plc held a 50% shareholding via
The Financial Times Limited
until August 2015. At that time, Pearson sold their share in the Economist. The
Agnelli family
's Exor paid £287m to raise their stake from 4.7% to 43.4% while the Economist paid £182m for the balance of 5.04m shares which will be distributed to current shareholders.
37
Aside from the Agnelli family, smaller shareholders in the company include
Cadbury
Rothschild
(21%),
Schroder
Layton
and other family interests as well as a number of staff and former staff shareholders.
37
43
board of trustees
formally appoints the editor, who cannot be removed without its permission, to protect the Economist's editorial independence. The current trustees are
Virginia Bottomley
Alison Carnwath
, Tim Clark and
Gus O'Donnell
44
The Economist Newspaper Limited is a wholly owned subsidiary of
The Economist Group
. Sir
Evelyn Robert de Rothschild
was chairman of the company from 1972 to 1989. In March 2026, Canadian businessman
Stephen J.R. Smith
bought a 26.9% stake in
The Economist Group
formerly held by
Lynn Forester de Rothschild
45
Staff
edit
Although
The Economist
has a global emphasis and scope, about two-thirds of the 75 staff journalists are based in the London borough of
Westminster
46
However, due to half of all subscribers originating in the United States,
The Economist
has core editorial offices and substantial operations in
New York City
Los Angeles
Chicago
, and
Washington D.C.
47
48
Editor
edit
Zanny Minton Beddoes
was appointed editor in 2015, first joining as an
emerging markets
correspondent in 1994.
The
editor-in-chief
, commonly known as simply "the Editor", of
The Economist
is charged with formulating the paper's editorial policies and overseeing corporate operations. Since its 1843 founding, the editors have been the following:
James Wilson
: 1843–1857
Richard Holt Hutton
: 1857–1861
note 1
Walter Bagehot
: 1861–1877
note 2
Daniel Conner Lathbury
: 1877–1881
note 3
(jointly)
Robert Harry Inglis Palgrave
: 1877–1883 (jointly)
Edward Johnstone: 1883–1907
49
Francis Wrigley Hirst
: 1907–1916
Hartley Withers
: 1916–1921
Sir Walter Layton
: 1922–1938
Geoffrey Crowther
: 1938–1956
Donald Tyerman
: 1956–1965
Sir Alastair Burnet
: 1965–1974
Andrew Knight
: 1974–1986
Rupert Pennant-Rea
: 1986–1993
Bill Emmott
: 1993–2006
John Micklethwait
: 2006–2014
50
Zanny Minton Beddoes
: 2015–present
51
Notes:
The Concise Dictionary of National Biography
makes him assistant editor 1858–1860.
He was Wilson's son-in-law.
A journalist and biographer
Tone and voice
edit
Although it has many individual columns, by tradition and current practice the newspaper ensures a uniform voice—aided by the anonymity of writers—throughout its pages,
52
as if most articles were written by a single author, which may be perceived to display dry, understated wit, and precise use of language.
53
54
The Economist
s treatment of economics presumes a working familiarity with fundamental concepts of classical economics. For instance, it does not explain terms like
invisible hand
macroeconomics
, or
demand curve
, and may take just six or seven words to explain the theory of
comparative advantage
. Articles involving economics do not presume any formal training on the part of the reader and aim to be accessible to the educated layperson. It usually does not translate short French and German quotes or phrases but describes the business or nature of even well-known entities, writing, for example, "
Goldman Sachs
, an investment bank".
55
The Economist
is known for its extensive use of
word play
, including puns, allusions, and metaphors, as well as alliteration and assonance, especially in its headlines and captions. This can make it difficult to understand for those who are not native English speakers.
56
Widely considered as a magazine
, The Economist
has traditionally and historically persisted in referring to itself as a "
newspaper
",
57
rather than a "
news magazine
", despite its switch from broadsheet to
perfect-binding
format in 1971. On its website the Economist itself clarifies: "By the time the transformation from newspaper to magazine format had been completed, the habit of referring to ourselves as "this newspaper" had stuck."
58
Editorial anonymity
edit
The Economist
s articles often take a definite editorial stance and almost never carry a
byline
59
Not even the name of the editor is printed in the issue. It is a long-standing tradition that an editor's only signed article during their tenure is written on the occasion of their departure from the position. The author of a piece is named in certain circumstances: when notable persons are invited to contribute opinion pieces; when journalists of
The Economist
compile special reports (previously known as surveys); for the Year in Review special edition; and to highlight a potential
conflict of interest
over a book review. The names of
The Economist
editors and correspondents can be located on the media directory pages of the website.
60
Online blog pieces are signed with the initials of the writer and authors of print stories are allowed to note their authorship from their personal web sites.
61
One anonymous writer of
The Economist
observed: "This approach is not without its faults (we have four staff members with the initials 'J.P.', for example) but is the best compromise between total anonymity and full bylines, in our view."
62
According to one academic study, the anonymous ethos of the weekly has contributed to strengthening three areas for
The Economist
: collective and consistent voice, talent and newsroom management, and brand strength.
63
The editors say this is necessary because "collective voice and personality matter more than the identities of individual journalists",
64
and reflects "a collaborative effort".
65
In most articles, authors refer to themselves as "your correspondent" or "this reviewer". The writers of the titled opinion columns tend to refer to themselves by the title (hence, a sentence in the "Lexington" column might read "Lexington was informed..."). American author and long-time reader
Michael Lewis
criticised the paper's editorial anonymity in 1991, labelling it a means to hide the youth and inexperience of those writing articles.
27
Although individual articles are written anonymously, there is no secrecy over who the writers are, as they are listed on
The Economist
's
website, which also provides summaries of their careers and academic qualifications.
66
In 2009, Lewis included multiple
Economist
articles in his anthology about the
2008 financial crisis
Panic: The Story of Modern Financial Insanity
67
John Ralston Saul
describes
The Economist
as a newspaper that "hides the names of the journalists who write its articles in order to create the illusion that they dispense disinterested truth rather than opinion. This sales technique, reminiscent of pre-Reformation Catholicism, is not surprising in a publication named after the social science most given to wild guesses and imaginary facts presented in the guise of inevitability and exactitude. That it is the Bible of the corporate executive indicates to what extent received wisdom is the daily bread of a managerial civilization."
68
Features
edit
A stack of
Economist
papers, ordered by publication date, 2020
The Economist
s primary focus is world events, politics and business, but it also runs regular sections on science and technology as well as books and the arts. Approximately every two weeks, the publication includes an in-depth special report (previously called
surveys
) on a given topic.
69
The five main categories are Countries and Regions, Business, Finance and Economics, Science, and Technology. The newspaper goes to press on Thursdays, between 6 p.m. and 7 p.m. GMT, and is available at newsagents in many countries the next day. It is printed at seven sites around the world.
Since July 2007, there has also been a complete audio edition of the paper available 9 pm London time on Thursdays.
70
The audio version of
The Economist
is produced by the production company
Talking Issues
. The company records the full text of the newspaper in
MP3
format, including the extra pages in the UK edition. The weekly 130 MB download is free for subscribers and available for a fee for non-subscribers. The publication's writers adopt a tight style that seeks to include the maximum amount of information in a limited space.
71
David G. Bradley
, publisher of
The Atlantic
, described the formula as "a consistent world view expressed, consistently, in tight and engaging prose".
72
Letters
edit
The Economist
frequently receives letters from its readership in response to the previous week's edition. While it is known to feature letters from senior businesspeople, politicians, ambassadors, and spokespeople, the paper includes letters from typical readers as well. Well-written or witty responses from anyone are considered, and controversial issues frequently produce a torrent of letters. For example, the survey of
corporate social responsibility
, published January 2005, produced largely critical letters from
Oxfam
, the
World Food Programme
United Nations Global Compact
, the Chairman of
BT Group
, an ex-Director of
Shell
and the UK
Institute of Directors
73
In an effort to foster diversity of thought,
The Economist
routinely publishes letters that openly criticize the paper's articles and stance. After
The Economist
ran a critique of
Amnesty International
in its issue dated 24 March 2007, its letters page ran a reply from Amnesty, as well as several other letters in support of the organisation, including one from the head of the
United Nations Commission on Human Rights
74
Rebuttals from officials within regimes such as the Singapore government are routinely printed, to comply with local
right-of-reply
laws without compromising editorial independence.
75
Letters published in the paper are typically between 150 and 200 words long and had the now-discontinued salutation 'Sir' from 1843 to 2015. In the latter year, upon the appointment of Zanny Minton Beddoes, the first female editor, the salutation was dismissed; letters have since had no salutation.
citation needed
Prior to a change in procedure, all responses to online articles were published in "The Inbox".
citation needed
Columns
edit
The publication runs several opinion columns whose names reflect their topic:
Bagehot
(Britain): named for
Walter Bagehot
, 19th-century British constitutional expert and the third editor of
The Economist
76
First published in 1989, since 2022, it has been written by Duncan Robinson, who succeeded
Adrian Woolridge
77
Banyan
(Asia): named for the
banyan
tree, this column was established in April 2009 and focuses on various issues across the Asian continent and is written by
Dominic Ziegler
Bartleby
(Work and management): named after
the titular character
of a
Herman Melville
short story, this column was established in May 2018. It was written by
Philip Coggan
until August 2021.
Buttonwood
(Finance): named for the
buttonwood
tree where early
Wall Street
traders gathered. Until September 2006 this was available only as an on-line column, but it is now included in the print edition. Since 2018, it is written by John O'Sullivan, succeeding Philip Coggan.
78
Chaguan
(China): named for Chaguan, the traditional Chinese Tea houses in
Chengdu
, this column was established on in September 2018.
79
It was previously written by
David Rennie
, but has been suspended until the Economist has a new resident columnist in Beijing.
Charlemagne
(Europe): named for
Charlemagne
, the first
Holy Roman Emperor
. It is written by Stanley Pignal, the Economist's Brussels bureau chief.
80
It has previously been written by Jeremy Cliffe
81
and earlier it was written by David Rennie (2007–2010) and by
Anton La Guardia
82
(2010–2014).
Johnson
(language): named for
Samuel Johnson
, this column returned to print publication in 2016 and covers language. It is written by
Robert Lane Greene
Lexington
(United States): named for
Lexington, Massachusetts
, the site of the beginning of the
American Revolutionary War
. From June 2010 until May 2012, it was written by
Peter David
, until his death in a car accident.
83
The column is currently written by
James Bennet
84
Schumpeter
(Business): named for the economist
Joseph Schumpeter
, this column was established in September 2009 and is written by Patrick Foulis.
The Telegram
(International): named after the
Long Telegram
written by
George Kennan
, this column has a focus on geopolitics. It is written by
David Rennie
and was established in November 2024.
85
Free Exchange
(Economics): a general economics column, frequently based on academic research, replaced the column
Economics Focus
in January 2012
Obituary
(recent death): since 2003 it has been written by
Ann Wroe
86
TQ
edit
Every three months,
The Economist
publishes a
technology report
called
Technology Quarterly
, or simply,
TQ
, a special section focusing on recent trends and developments in science and technology.
87
88
The feature is also known to intertwine "economic matters with a technology".
89
The
TQ
often carries a theme, such as
quantum computing
or
cloud storage
, and assembles an assortment of articles around the common subject.
90
91
1843
edit
Main article:
1843 (magazine)
In September 2007,
The Economist
launched a sister
lifestyle magazine
under the title
Intelligent Life
as a quarterly publication. At its inauguration it was billed as for "the arts, style, food, wine, cars, travel and anything else under the sun, as long as it's interesting".
92
The magazine focuses on analysing the "insights and predictions for the
luxury landscape
" across the world.
93
Approximately ten years later, in March 2016, the newspaper's parent company,
Economist Group
, rebranded the lifestyle magazine as
1843
, in honour of the paper's founding year. It has since remained at six issues per year and carries the motto "Stories of An Extraordinary World".
92
Author names appear next to their articles in
1843
94
1843
features contributions from
Economist
journalists as well as writers around the world and photography commissioned for each issue. It is seen as a market competitor to
The Wall Street Journal
's
WSJ.
and the
Financial Times
FT Magazine
95
Since its March 2016 relaunch, it has been edited by Rosie Blau, a former correspondent for
The Economist
96
In May 2020 it was announced that the
1843 magazine
would move to a digital-only format.
97
The World Ahead
edit
The paper also produces two annual reviews and predictive reports titled
The World In [Year]
and
The World If [Year]
as part of their
The World Ahead
franchise.
98
In both features, the newspaper publishes a review of the social, cultural, economic and political events that have shaped the year and will continue to influence the immediate future. The issue was described by the American think tank
Brookings Institution
as "
The Economist
's annual [150-page] exercise in
forecasting
".
99
Translated versions of
The World In [Year]
are distributed, e.g. by
Jang Group
in Pakistan (Urdu)
100
and by
Roularta
in Flanders (Dutch).
101
Country of the Year
edit
In 2013,
The Economist
began awarding a 'Country of the Year' in its annual Christmas special editions. Selected by the newspaper, this award recognises the country that was 'most improved' over the preceding year.
Year
Choice
Notes
2013
Uruguay
For legalising recreational marijuana and same-sex marriage
102
103
2014
Tunisia
For a peaceful transition of power amidst the
Arab Winter
104
2015
Myanmar
For political and economic liberalisation (the
2011–2015 Myanmar political reforms
105
2016
Colombia
For reaching a peace agreement in the
Colombian peace process
106
107
2017
France
For supporting "open society" with the election and first calendar year of the
Presidency of Emmanuel Macron
108
2018
Armenia
For opposing "corruption and incompetence" through the
2018 Armenian Revolution
109
2019
Uzbekistan
For economic and political reforms
110
2020
Malawi
For increased democratisation as part of the
2020 Malawian presidential election
111
2021
Italy
For economic reforms and effective
COVID-19
vaccination program
112
2022
Ukraine
For resisting the 2022
Russian invasion of Ukraine
113
2023
Greece
For economic reforms and political stability
114
2024
Bangladesh
For
overthrowing
Sheikh Hasina
and
transitioning
"towards a more liberal government"
115
2025
Syria
For a stabilising
post-Assad transition
116
Books
edit
A series
technical manuals
from
The Economist
, 2020
In addition to publishing its main newspaper, lifestyle magazine, and special features,
The Economist
also produces books with topics overlapping with that of its newspaper. The weekly also publishes a series of technical manuals (or guides) as an offshoot of its
explanatory journalism
. Some of these books serve as collections of articles and columns the paper produces.
117
Often columnists from the newspaper write technical manuals on their topic of expertise; for example, Philip Coggan, a finance correspondent, authored
The Economist Guide to Hedge Funds
(2011).
118
The paper publishes
book reviews
in every issue, with a large collective review in their year-end (holiday) issue – published as "
The Economist
's Books of the Year".
119
Additionally, the paper has its own
in-house stylebook
rather than following an industry-wide writing style template.
120
All
Economist
writing, and publications follow
The Economist Style Guide
, in various editions.
121
122
Writing competitions
edit
The Economist
sponsors a wide array of writing competitions and prizes throughout the year for readers. In 1999,
The Economist
organised a global futurist writing competition,
The World in 2050
. Co-sponsored by
Royal Dutch/Shell
, the competition included a first prize of US$20,000 and publication in
The Economist
s annual flagship publication,
The World In
123
Over 3,000 entries from around the world were submitted via a website set up for the purpose and at various Royal Dutch Shell offices worldwide.
123
The judging panel included Bill Emmott,
Esther Dyson
, Sir
Mark Moody-Stuart
, and
Matt Ridley
124
In the summer of 2019, they launched the Open Future writing competition with an inaugural youth essay-writing prompt about
climate change
125
During this competition the paper accepted a submission from an
artificially-intelligent
computer writing program.
126
Podcasts
edit
Since 2006,
The Economist
has produced several
podcast
series.
127
The podcasts currently in production include:
128
The Intelligence
(general news)
Editor's Picks
(audio recordings of published articles)
Drum Tower
(China)
Babbage
(technology)
Money Talks
(finance and business)
Checks and Balance
(American politics)
The Weekend Intelligence
(long-form reports on a single topic)
Additionally,
The Economist
has produced several limited-run podcast series, such as
The Prince
(on
Xi Jinping
),
Next Year in Moscow
(on
Russian emigrants and dissidents following the 2022 invasion of Ukraine
),
Boss Class
(on
business management
) and
Scam Inc
, an 8-part series about the growing business and impact of
scams
128
129
In September 2023,
The Economist
announced the launch of Economist Podcasts+, a paid subscription service for its podcast offerings.
130
Espresso news app
edit
In 2014
The Economist
launched its short-form news app Espresso. The product offers a daily briefing from the editors, published every day of the week except Sunday. The app is available to paid subscribers and as a separate subscription.
131
Data journalism
edit
The presence of
data journalism
in
The Economist
can be traced to its founding year in 1843. Initially, the weekly published basic
international trade
figures and tables.
132
133
The paper first included a graphical model in 1847—a letter featuring an illustration of various coin sizes—and its first
non-epistolary chart
—a tree map visualising the size of coal fields in America and England—was included in November 1854.
132
This early adoption of data-based articles was estimated to be "a 100 years before
the field's modern emergence
" by
Data Journalism.com.
133
Its transition from broadsheet to
magazine
-style formatting led to the adoption of coloured graphs, first in fire-engine-red during the 1980s and then in a thematic blue in 2001.
132
The
Economist
's editors and readers developed a taste for more data-driven stories throughout the 2000s.
132
Starting in the late-2000s, the paper began to publish more and more articles that centred solely on charts, some of which were published online every weekday.
132
These "daily charts" are typically followed by a short, 500-word explanation. In September 2009,
The Economist
launched a
account for their Data Team.
134
In 2015, the data-journalism department—a dedicated team of data journalists, visualisers and interactive developers—was created to head up the paper's data journalism efforts.
135
The team's output soon included election forecasting models, covering the French presidential elections of 2017 and 2022 and the US presidential and congressional elections in 2020, among others. In late-2023, the data team advertised for a political data scientist to bolster its political forecasting efforts. In order to ensure transparency in the team's data collection and analysis
The Economist
maintains a corporate
GitHub
account to publicly disclose their models and software wherever possible.
136
In October 2018, they introduced a "Graphic Detail" featuring large charts and maps in both their print and digital editions which ran until November 2023.
137
Indexes
edit
Historically, the publication has also maintained a section of
economic statistics
, such as employment figures, economic growth, and interest rates. These statistical publications have been found to be seen as authoritative and decisive in British society.
138
Some of the most well-known
data indexes
published by the Economist include:
The
Big Mac Index
: a measure of the
purchasing power
of currencies, first published in 1986, using the price of the hamburger in different countries.
139
140
This is published twice a year since 2006, annually prior to that.
141
Democracy Index
: a measure of the state of democracy in the world, produced by the
Economist Intelligence Unit
(EIU).
The
Glass Ceiling Index
: a measure of
female equality in the workplace
The Most Dangerous Cities Index: a measure of major cities
by rates of homicide
Commodity-Price Index: a measure of
commodities
, such as
gold
and
brent oil
, as well as agricultural items.
The Economist
also publishes a variety of rankings seeking to position
business schools
and
undergraduate universities
among each other, respectively. In 2015, they published their first ranking of U.S. universities, focusing on comparable economic advantages. Their data for the rankings is sourced from the
U.S. Department of Education
and is calculated as a function of median earnings through
regression analysis
142
Opinions and editorial stances
edit
Main article:
The Economist editorial stance
The editorial stance of
The Economist
primarily revolves around
classical
social
, and most notably,
economic liberalism
. Since its founding, it has supported
radical centrism
, favouring policies and governments that maintain
centrist politics
The Economist
typically champions
neoliberalism
, particularly
free markets
free trade
free immigration
deregulation
, and
globalisation
143
When
The Economist
was founded, the term
economism
denoted what would today be termed "economic liberalism". The activist and journalist
George Monbiot
has described it as neoliberal, albeit that occasionally it is accepting of the propositions of
Keynesian economics
where these were deemed more "reasonable".
144
The Economist
favours a
carbon tax
to help reduce pollution and emissions and fight
global warming
145
According to one former editor, Bill Emmott, "
The Economist
s philosophy has always been liberal, not conservative".
146
Like other publications, such as
The Guardian
The Observer
and
The Independent
, the Economist supports the
United Kingdom becoming a republic
147
Scottish economist
Adam Smith
(right) and philosopher
David Hume
(left) represent
The Economist'
s foundational beliefs of
laissez-faire
policies, self-sufficiency, anti-protectionism and
free trade
Individual contributors take diverse views.
The Economist
favours the support, through
central banks
, of banks and other important corporations. This principle can, in a much more limited form, be traced back to
Walter Bagehot
, the third editor of
The Economist
, who argued that the Bank of England should support major banks that got into difficulties.
Karl Marx
deemed
The Economist
the "European organ" of "the aristocracy of finance".
148
At the same time, the magazine has criticised the inefficiency and regressivity of the
U.S. tax model
149
The Economist
has supported reforms addressing social issues such as recognition of
gay marriages
150
legalisation of drugs
151
and seems to support some government regulation on health issues, such as smoking in public,
152
as well as bans on smacking children.
153
The Economist
consistently favours guest worker programmes,
parental choice of school
, and immigration reform.
154
It once published an "obituary" of God, a particularly British example perhaps of its often ironic and iconoclastic issue framing.
155
The Economist
also has a long record of supporting
gun control
156
In 2021, it was criticized for publishing an "anti-transgender screed".
157
In 2019, The Economist received backlash for suggesting that transgender people should be sterilized; it subsequently apologized for this statement.
158
159
160
161
In recent British general elections,
The Economist
has endorsed the center-left
Labour Party
(in 2005 and 2024),
162
163
the right wing
Conservative Party
(in 2010 and 2015),
164
165
and the
Liberal Democrats
(in 2017 and 2019).
166
167
It has supported both
Republican
and
Democratic
candidates in the United States.
In 2008,
The Economist
commented that
Cristina Fernández de Kirchner
, the Peronist/progressive president of Argentina at the time, was "dashing hopes of change" and "leading her country into economic peril and social conflict".
168
The magazine called for
Bill Clinton's impeachment
169
as well as for
Donald Rumsfeld
's resignation after the emergence of the
Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse
170
Although
The Economist
initially gave vigorous support to the
U.S.-led invasion of Iraq
, it later called the operation "bungled from the start" and criticised the "almost criminal negligence" of the Bush Administration's handling of the
Iraq War
, while maintaining in 2007 that pulling out in the short term would be irresponsible.
171
The Economist
put its stance this way in 2016:
What, besides free trade and free markets, does
The Economist
believe in? "It is to the Radicals that
The Economist
still likes to think of itself as belonging. The extreme centre is the paper's historical position". That is as true today as when Crowther [Geoffrey,
Economist
editor 1938–1956] said it in 1955.
The Economist
considers itself the enemy of privilege, pomposity and predictability. It has backed conservatives such as
Ronald Reagan
and
Margaret Thatcher
. It has supported the Americans in
Vietnam
. But it has also endorsed
Harold Wilson
and
Bill Clinton
, and espoused a variety of liberal causes: opposing capital punishment from its earliest days, while favouring penal reform and decolonisation, as well as—more recently—gun control and gay marriage.
24
In an editorial marking its 175th anniversary,
The Economist
criticised adherents to liberalism for becoming too inclined to protect the political status quo rather than pursue reform.
172
It called on liberals to return to advocating for bold political, economic and social reforms: protecting free markets, land and tax reform in the tradition of
Georgism
open immigration
, a rethink of the
social contract
with more emphasis on education, and a revival of
liberal internationalism
172
Circulation
edit
Each of
The Economist
issues' official date range is from Saturday to the following Friday.
The Economist
posts each week's new content online at approximately 21:00 Thursday evening UK time, ahead of the official publication date.
173
From July to December 2019, their average global
print circulation
was over 909,476.
174
As of September 2025, combined print and digital circulation was reported at 1.255 million.
However, on a weekly average basis, the paper can reach up to 5.1 million readers, across their print and digital runs.
174
Across their social media platforms, it reaches an audience of 35 million, as of 2016.
175
Circulation grew steadily in its early years. In 1844, it was 1,800, 3,800 in 1850 and had risen to 4,300 by 1854.
176
In 1877, the publication's circulation was 3,700, and in 1920 it had risen to 6,000. Circulation increased rapidly after 1945, reaching 100,000 by 1970.
24
Circulation is audited by the
Audit Bureau of Circulations
(ABC). From around 30,000 in 1960 it has risen to near 1 million by 2000 and by 2016 to about 1.3 million.
177
Approximately half of all sales (54%) originate in the United States with sales in the United Kingdom making 14% of the total and continental Europe 19%.
47
Of its American readers, two out of three earn more than $100,000 a year.
The Economist
has sales, both by subscription and at newsagents, in over 200 countries.
The Economist
once boasted about its limited circulation. In the early 1990s it used the slogan "
The Economist
– not read by millions of people".
Geoffrey Crowther
, a former editor, wrote: "Never in the history of journalism has so much been read for so long by so few."
178
Censorship
edit
A copy of
The Economist
in
Liaoning Provincial Library
. Page 28 from the 1 June 2019 issue, about the
1989 Tiananmen Square Protests
, has been removed.
Sections of
The Economist
criticising authoritarian regimes are frequently removed from the paper by the authorities in those countries. On 15 June 2006,
Iran
banned the sale of
The Economist
when it published a map labelling the
Persian Gulf
simply as Gulf—a choice that derives its political significance from the
Persian Gulf naming dispute
179
On 29 May 2025, Reuters reported that Vietnam had banned the May 24 issue featuring the president
Tô Lâm
that described him as "an ambitious leader who emerged "from the security state" and who "must turn himself into a reformer" to adjust the country's economic model and make it richer".
180
In a separate incident, the government of
Zimbabwe
went further and imprisoned
The Economist
s correspondent there,
Andrew Meldrum
. The government charged him with violating a statute on "publishing untruth" for writing that a woman was decapitated by supporters of the ruling
Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
party. The
decapitation
claim was retracted,
181
and allegedly fabricated by the woman's husband. The correspondent was later acquitted, only to receive a
deportation
order. On 19 August 2013,
The Economist
disclosed that the
Missouri Department of Corrections
had censored its issue of 29 June 2013. According to the letter sent by the department, prisoners were not allowed to receive the issue because "1. it constitutes a threat to the security or discipline of the institution; 2. may facilitate or encourage criminal activity; or 3. may interfere with the rehabilitation of an offender".
182
See also
edit
List of business newspapers
List of newspapers in the United Kingdom
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Further reading
edit
Arrese, Angel (1995),
La identidad de The Economist
. Pamplona: Eunsa.
ISBN
978-84-313-1373-9
Edwards, Ruth Dudley (1993),
The Pursuit of Reason: The Economist 1843–1993
, London: Hamish Hamilton,
ISBN
978-0-241-12939-5
Tungate, Mark (2004). "
The Economist
".
Media Monoliths
. Kogan Page Publishers. pp.
194–
206.
ISBN
978-0-7494-4108-1
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