Papers by Uju R E G I N A Ezenekwe
International Journal of Economics, Commerce and Management
Industrial Policy and Sustainable Development: Theoretical Perspectives
Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure, 2021
It may not be necessarily easy to define industrial policy, as it lacks a clearly identifiable se... more It may not be necessarily easy to define industrial policy, as it lacks a clearly identifiable set of goals, policy instruments, and institutions or designated institutional framework to execute it. However, industrial policy refers to specific government policies aimed at guiding investment and promoting productivity in designated industries. Industry is used to refer to manufacturing or better still production. The manufacturing industry is the same as the secondary sector as opposed to the primary (agriculture, forestry, fisheries, and extractive industries) or tertiary (services) sectors.
International Journal of Advanced Economics
The fluctuating exchange rate and massive debt burden of Nigeria necessitates a thorough investig... more The fluctuating exchange rate and massive debt burden of Nigeria necessitates a thorough investigation of trends in her foreign debt levels, its underlying causes, and implications for economic growth. This study, therefore, investigated the impact of rising external debt on the exchange rate in Nigeria with annual data from 1980 to 2021. The motivation for this study was premised on inculcating government spending and inflation rate into the traditional analysis of exchange rate volatility in Nigeria using data sourced from CBN statistical bulletin (2020), DMO (2020), and WDI (2021). The data obtained were analyzed using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) unit root test, Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) technique, and the stability and diagnostic test in the analysis. Based on the outcomes of the preliminary test analysis, the results show that external debt has a negative but insignificant effect on the exchange rate in Nigeria. Also, external debt has a positive and signific...
Universal Journal of Finance and Economics
The number of poor people continues to rise in Africa, despite a slow decline in the poverty rate... more The number of poor people continues to rise in Africa, despite a slow decline in the poverty rate. Africa with a population of 422 million poor people, representing about 70 per cent of the world's poorest people shows that the global burden of poverty has shifted from the rest of the world to Africa. This paper discussed the causes of poverty on the continent and various responses by stakeholders toward accelerating its poverty reduction. It was found that with the available statistics and projections, Africa will still fall short of eradicating poverty by 2030, but it can bring it to a low level. The study, therefore, recommends that African policymakers should aim for growth that is inclusive and sustainable. International support from the world bank, ODA, G7, and others will play a vital role, especially through technology and resource transfers, also African continent need to improve its resource mobilization.
International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science
The human capital theory is one of the foundational theories of socio-economic development. The f... more The human capital theory is one of the foundational theories of socio-economic development. The founding scholars hold that any acquired qualities and abilities that help individuals and groups be economically productive is an individual or group human capital. However, the focus by classical human capital model on schooling and training as the major factors comprising human capital on all levels has made the human capital measurement tools to generally assess only educational attainment on these levels. This overly simplified approach creates difficulty in accurately assessing the strengths and weaknesses of human capital in a country but policy-makers and others use these simplified estimates of human capital because the factors suggested to have significant impact on human capital are mostly intangible and the collection of such data costly. To identify and analyze the significant factors affecting the Nigerian human capital and determine efficient and effective ways of improveme...
Saudi Journal of Economics and Finance
The study examined the effects of socioeconomic determinants on educational outcomes in Nigeria. ... more The study examined the effects of socioeconomic determinants on educational outcomes in Nigeria. This study was done against the backdrop that the education sector of Nigeria has failed to produce quality educational outcomes needed for the growth of the nation’s economy despite enormous works on the topic by most scholars who failed to account for the combination and extent of the effect of infrastructure, ICT, per capita income, and corruption on education outcome in Nigeria. The study was carried out to investigate the effect of infrastructure, ICT, per capita income, and corruption on educational outcomes in Nigeria using time series data covering a period of 21 years (2000- 2020). The study employed the Autoregressive Distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach to ascertain the relevant relationship while the ECM captured the speed of short-run adjustment to long-run equilibrium. The findings reveal that infrastructure and per capita income have a positive effect on educatio...
Torun International Studies
Purpose: The new scramble for Africa is marked by an influx of direct investment for the extracti... more Purpose: The new scramble for Africa is marked by an influx of direct investment for the extraction and exploitation of the region’s natural resources, which has undoubtedly boosted the expansion of African commodities such as oil and minerals, as well as promoting rapid economic growth in several countries in the continent. Regrettably, Africa’s labour has been largely ignored, as most oil and mineral investments are capital-intensive and are likely to displace labour in local production, while also jeopardizing the continent’s job prospects. The study looked at the impact of FDI in the oil sector on labour employment in ten oil-rich African countries from 1995 to 2018 as part of its investigation into the new scramble and labour in Africa. Methodology/approach: The study used the Instrumental Variable (IV) regression in the context of the system Generalized Method of Moment (SGMM) estimator, based on dynamic panel modelling. Findings: The findings suggest that foreign investments ...
Cash Will Soon Be Obsolete. Will Nigeria Be Ready?
Academia Letters, 2021
Journal of Advance Research in Social Science and Humanities (ISSN: 2208-2387), 2021
This study is motivated to investigate health impact of Public Health Strengthening mechanism on ... more This study is motivated to investigate health impact of Public Health Strengthening mechanism on Outcome among selected African countries: Implication on Outbreak in Fragile SSA countries. Specifically looking at the differences in health impacts among selected Sub-Saharan African countries considering its implication on covid-19 outbreak. Employing the panel data estimation technique and the World Bank Indicators (WBI) from 2000 to 2019, across the selected Sub-Saharan African Countries we found that among the mechanism that impact on health, Life expectancy, domestic private health expenditure and health expenditure are among the top opportunities for strengthening public health in SSA countries. The result also, showed that major improvement in health care in most SSA countries is greatly financed by external funding, and domestic private health expenditures. Hence, recommended that legislations may be involved to address the issues of public health care with regards to issues t...
Forecasting of Nigeria Manufacturing Sector Growth Rates Using Arima Model
The objective of this study is to identify a forecasting model that can predict Nigeria's fut... more The objective of this study is to identify a forecasting model that can predict Nigeria's future manufacturing sector growthrateand to ascertain whether policy makers could maintain a steady and sustainable growth rate in the manufacturing sector.The study employed Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) on annual data from 1970 to 2014 on manufacturing production index (MPI) as a measure of manufacturing sector growth rate. The ARIMA model selected is the Autoregressive (AR) [ARIMA (1, 0, 0)]. That is, the AR1) model was selected as the most appropriate for forecasting model for manufacturing sector growth rates in Nigeria. The ARIMA model was selected on the basis of Autocorrelation (AC) and Partial Autocorrelation (PAC) Function and the inverse root of AR/MA polynomials for stability of the estimated model The forecasted values of manufacturing sector growth for 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2020 using Dynamic Forecast were 72.1%, 75.6%, 75.9%, 76.4%, 76.8% and 77...
Institutional Performance and Economic Development in Nigeria
Development Economics: Macroeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal, 2014
Despite the huge amount of abundant resources that abound in the territory of Nigeria, it still r... more Despite the huge amount of abundant resources that abound in the territory of Nigeria, it still remains a mystery that the country trails behind other great nations of the world (some of which are not as rich as Nigeria) in terms of growth and development. Policies have been formulated as well as imitated from other nations; yet no tangible result has been achieved so far, showing that no size fits all. This research work identifies institutional performance as the root cause of Nigeria’s problem since she is endowed with geography already. The roles of requisite institutions for successful economic performance were described and using descriptive statistics, the researchers critically examined the institutional performance of Nigeria over the years using about six dimensions of institutional performance which include: Voice and Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence/terrorism, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory quality, Rule of law and Control of Corruption. ...
Adaptation to hazard; Infrastructure resilience; Vulnerability Definitions Risk is the possibilit... more Adaptation to hazard; Infrastructure resilience; Vulnerability Definitions Risk is the possibility that an undesired outcome or the absence of a desired outcome may likely disrupt a future work project (Smith and Merrit 2002). Such future event which is unexpected or unplanned poses adverse or severe impact or consequences on project objectives if not effectively managed or mitigated. Sustainable development can be explained as that development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Cerin 2006; Dernbach 1998; Stoddart 2011). In other words, sustainable development aims at conserving resources for the future and unborn generations, and in so doing ensures intergenerational equity.
Emerging Markets: Finance eJournal, 2017
Despite the huge effort of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to make cashless economic policy system... more Despite the huge effort of Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) to make cashless economic policy system which was, in no doubt, an instrumental tool designed for the development and growth of the Nigerian economy, there is still much problem of financial illiteracy facing the masses of country on this issue. This paper therefore, examined how financial literacy affects the cashless system in Nigeria since its origin, using Lagos State as a case study. The study employed survey method. Questionnaires were administered to 400 participants. Descriptive statistics was used in analysing the data. The Chi-square and the F-distribution done with the stipulations of ANOVA and SPSS showed that the impact of financial illiteracy on the cashless policy system is significant on the Nigerian economy. Hence, the study recommended that CBN increases mass education/enlightenment on finance management so that people can achieve the most from the latest development in the cashless system. Key words: Financ...
Sustainability & Economics eJournal, 2015
This study using aggregate data from 1970 to 2012, investigates balance of payments adjustment an... more This study using aggregate data from 1970 to 2012, investigates balance of payments adjustment and productivity growth in Nigeria by specifying a small macro-econometric model to analyze the various channels through which the economy’s Bop position could be enhanced. The empirical model identifies real exchange rate, government expenditure/revenue, real trade, and foreign direct investment as the various channels that drive productivity growth of the Nigerian economy. The simultaneous equation model was analyzed using the ECM – error correction model approach rather than the conventional Ordinary Least Square (OLS) to overcome simultaneity bias while the unit roots and co-integration tests was carried out using ADF and Johansen/Juselius techniques. The stability test of the parameters of the model was also carried out using the cumulative sum of squares residuals (CUSUM). The result shows that the elasticity of oil revenue, real trade balance, and credit to the private sector, forei...
What Implications Does 2012 Flood Disaster Have on the Nigerian Economy?
Development Economics: Agriculture, 2014
Human life has no duplicate; all living things need nutrition in order to get on with life. Flood... more Human life has no duplicate; all living things need nutrition in order to get on with life. Flooding, just like any other unexpected natural disasters, rid us of both lives and nutrition; it rids us of our purchasing power, our heritage and our future. This paper takes a look at the effects of the 2012 flood disaster in Nigeria and pays particular attention to the implications for the agricultural sector. Findings herein show that this disaster swept away so many sources of livelihood and destroyed both social and farming infrastructures. The study therefore recommends that policy makers and people residing in flood prone areas must make sustainable efforts geared towards prevent future occurrences and cushioning the effects of flood disasters in Nigeria.
Efficiency of Nigeria's Electricity Market: Emerging Issues, Prospects and Challenges
EnergyRN: Energy Economics (Topic), 2014
The overwhelming objective of the electricity power policy strategy is to ensure that Nigerian ha... more The overwhelming objective of the electricity power policy strategy is to ensure that Nigerian has an electricity supply market (ESM) that can meet the needs of its citizens in the 21st century. This paper examines the efficiency of the Nigeria electricity market under the current framework. The priority is to create efficient market structures, within clear regulatory frameworks, that encourage more competitive market for electricity distribution and sales (marketing) which, at the same time, is able to attract private investors and ensure economically sound development of the system. The technique of analysis is purely descriptive (statistical). And a major factor is the distribution losses that are in double digits and which are extremely large by international standards, being among the highest in the world and a situation that are symptomatic of the technical inefficiency in the market. Reducing the losses to single digit is a major challenge facing the Nigerian electricity mar...
Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 2015
For some years now, roll-back malaria programme has been organized to bring the hazard of malaria... more For some years now, roll-back malaria programme has been organized to bring the hazard of malaria under control. Hence, the main objective of this paper is to analyze and evaluate the media and economic impact of the programme in Anambra State. Demographic translation theory was used to drive home the message. Data for the study were collected and analyzed using the quantitative and qualitative method (questionnaire and interview). The study found out that the programme has created invaluable positive results through its rampant advertisements in the media and has made a positive economic impact on the lives of people. Descriptive statistical tool was used to evaluate and analyze the result. It is therefore, recommended that the central government should extend their dragnets by reaching to the entire populace through the media to induce more practical approach to the objective of the programme.
Improving Nigeria's Investment Climate for Enhanced Economic Growth: An Econometric Analysis
ABSTRACT
Impact of Environmental Pollution from Industrial Agriculture on the Quality of Human Life in Nigeria: Concern for GMOs and Agri-Business
International journal of research and innovation in social science, 2023
Food is life, and it can become an instrument of control in national and international power poli... more Food is life, and it can become an instrument of control in national and international power polity. It is not enough to aspire to be sufficient in food production; however the system of production that ensures the production of healthy and safe food in a safe environment is equally crucial for the quality of human life. The pertinent concern of this study is to investigate the possible implications of the present quest to introduce the Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) into the agricultural sector in an effort to ensure food security vis-à-vis the quality of life of the citizenry and the impact on the environment of Nigeria. The study adopted the Diffusion Theory of Rural Development, employed Vector Autoregressive (VAR) Model Approach using annual time series data spanning from 1981-2017. The plausibility of the results lies with the positive relationship between food supply and life expectancy. The study found that the environmental effect of industrial food production which is usually associated with gaseous emissions was not significant. This shows that with any improvement in food security, Co2 emissions are reduced. This reduction in Co2 emission by these industries further has chain reactions as it improves food security. The results also shows that there is a negative relationship but with significant impact of industrial emission into the environment on life expectancy of Nigerians. The study therefore recommends that there is need to revitalize public sector agricultural research, Small farmer-oriented, low-input agro-ecology and reform trade-related rules.
Abstract. Bearing in mind the critical role of education in the development of human capital base... more Abstract. Bearing in mind the critical role of education in the development of human capital base of a nation, it is widely accepted that government has a major role to play in guaranteeing the provision of educational opportunities. Therefore, it is expected that adequate finance to the education sector would translate to improvement in educational outcome in the country. Motivated by this, the study reexamined the impact of government education expenditure on educational outcome in Nigeria from 1980 to 2018. The study adopted the Autoregressive Distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing approach in estimating the relevant relationship while the ECM captured the speed of short run adjustment to long run equilibrium. The result of the study showed a positive, but insignificant relationship between public education expenditure and educational outcome in Nigeria. Arising from the findings, the study recommends for an adequate and prudent financing to the education sector necessary to guara...