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Varanise
République française
National motto
: Liberté, Égalité, Fraternité
Koroturaga: Parisi
Varanise
e dua na matanitu e dua na vanua e tiko taumada ena
Tokalau Iurope
kei na vica na ki veimatanitu tani veiyasana kei na yasana. Na vanua Korolevu Varanise e lako mai na
Wasawasa Mediterranean
ki na
Vakavalagi Jenala
kei na
Wasawasa Vualiku
, kei na
Rhine
ki na
Wasa Atalanitika
. Sa iyalayala mai vei
Belijiki
Lukesepuaki
kei
Jamani
ki na vualiku tokalau,
Suwitisiladi
kei
Itali
ki na tokalau, kei
Andora
kei
Sipeni
ki na ceva. Na lewawasa ki veimatanitu tani e oka kina na
Varanise Guiana
ena
Ceva Amerika
kei na vica na yanuyanu ena Wasa Atalanitika,
Pasifika
kei
Wasa Vakaidia
. Na vanua e 18 kina na matanitu e tiko kina na veivanua bibi eso (e lima na ka toka ki veimatanitu tani) yalataki e dua na iwasewase cokovata ni 643,801 na kilomita (248,573 sq mi) kei na iwiliwili taucoko ni 67,020,000. E Varanise e dua na unitary ni veiqatitaka ka kena iusutu
Parisi
, na
siti
levu duadua ena vanua kei na valenivolavola ni veivoli. Eso tale na vanua cakacaka wili kina
Lyon
Maseli
Tolosa
Bodo
Lille
and
Nice
Sa tu dede o Varanise ena dua na valenivolavola e
cakacakaniliga
vakadidike
, ka
filosofi
. E tu kina na iwiliwili levu duadua ni
vuravura
ena ikalima ni
UNESCO
Vuravura ni Iyau Vanua
ka sa ikoya na kena liutaki na saravanua, ciqomi ni lewe 83 milioni na vulagi tani, ia kevaka e wili ena bogi ni bera na lewenivanua saravanua, sa yaco ko Varanise me ikaono ni matanitu e vuravura ka 138 e milioni na bogi, daku
America
Jaina
Sipeni
Itali
kei
Matanitu Cokovata
. Na Varanise e dua na matanitu e tara cake na ikavitu ni vanua vakailavo e vuravura ena ga
GDP
, kei ikatini e levu cake mai na
PPP
. E dau vakayacora vakavinaka o Varanise na vakaitutu ni vuli, qaravi ni bula, bula expectancy, kei tamata vakatorocaketaki. E vakatokai o Varanise me dua na
kaukauwa
cecere ena veika raraba, me dua vei ira na lima na lewe ni
Matabose Kei Vuravura Veitaqomaki veimatanitu
vata kei na kaukauwa ni veto kei na dua na ituvaki
nukilia-iyaragi
. Oqo e dua na nodra itutu na lewe ni ilawalawa ni duavata ena
Cokovata Vakaiurope
kei na
Eurozone
, kei na dua na lewe ni
iwasewase ni 7
Vualiku Atalanitika Veidinadinati Mataisoqosoqo
(North Atlantic Treaty Organization, NATO),
Tuvanaka ni vakayagataki ni veika vakailavo kei veivakatorocaketaki
(Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, OECD), na
Vulavula Volitaka Mataisoqosoqo
(World Trade Organization, WTO), kei
La Francophonie
Keokarafi
veisau
edit source
Vanua kei iyalayala
veisau
edit source
E dua mape ni veivuke ni Korolevu Varanise, vakaraitaka na veikoro lelevu e sivia na 100,000 na lewenivanua.
Moni Blanc
, na ulunivanua cecere duadua ena Tokalau Iurope, e vakatakilakilataka na iyalayala kei Itali.
The vast majority of France's territory and population is situated in Western Europe and is called
Metropolitan France
, to distinguish it from the country's various overseas polities. It is bordered by the
Northern Sea
in the north, the
English Channel
in the northwest, the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mediterranean sea in the southeast. Its land borders consist of Belgium and Luxembourg in the northeast, Germany and Switzerland in the east, Italy and Monaco in the southeast, and Andorra and Spain in the south and southwest. With the exception of the northeast, most of France's land borders are roughly delineated by natural boundaries and geographic features: to the south and southeast, the Pyrenees and the Alps and the Jura, respectively, and to the east, the Rhine river. Due to its shape, France is often referred to as
l'Hexagone
("The
Hexagon
"). Metropolitan France includes various coastal islands, of which the largest is
Corsica
. Metropolitan France is situated mostly between latitudes
41°
and
51° N
, and longitudes
6° W
and
10° E
, on the western edge of Europe, and thus lies within the northern
temperate
zone. Its continental part covers about 1000
km from north to south and from east to west.
France has several
overseas regions
across the world, which are organized as follows:
In South America:
French Guiana
In the Atlantic Ocean:
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
and, in the Antilles:
Guadeloupe
, Martinique,
Saint Martin
and
Saint Barthélemy
In the Pacific Ocean:
French Polynesia
, the special collectivity of
New Caledonia
Wallis and Futuna
and
Clipperton Island
In the Indian Ocean:
Réunion island
Mayotte
Kerguelen Islands
Crozet Islands
St. Paul
and
Amsterdam
islands, and the
Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean
In the Antarctic:
Adélie Land
France has land borders with Brazil and Suriname via
French Guiana
and with the Kingdom of the Netherlands through the French portion of
Saint Martin
Metropolitan France covers
551,500 square kilometres (212,935
sq
mi)
, the largest among
European Union
members.
France's total land area, with its overseas departments and territories (excluding
Adélie Land
), is
643,801
km
(248,573
sq
mi)
, 0.45% of the total land area on Earth. France possesses a wide variety of landscapes, from coastal plains in the north and west to mountain ranges of the
Alps
in the southeast, the
Massif Central
in the south central and
Pyrenees
in the southwest.
Due to its numerous
overseas departments and territories
scattered across the planet, France possesses the second-largest
Exclusive economic zone
(EEZ) in the world, covering 11,035,000
km
(4,260,000
mi
), just behind the EEZ of the
United States
, which covers 11,351,000
km
(4,383,000
mi
), but ahead of the EEZ of Australia, which covers 8,148,250
km
(4,111,312
mi
). Its EEZ covers approximately 8% of the total surface of all the EEZs of the world.
Bula vakailavo
veisau
edit source
A member of the
Group of Seven
(formerly Group of Eight) leading industrialized countries, as of 2018, it is ranked as the world's
tenth largest
and the EU's second largest economy by
purchasing power parity
France joined 11 other EU members to launch the euro in 1999, with
euro coins
and
banknotes
completely replacing the
French franc
(₣) in 2002.
France has a
mixed economy
that combines extensive private enterprise
with substantial state enterprise and government intervention. The government retains considerable influence over key segments of infrastructure sectors, with majority ownership of railway, electricity, aircraft, nuclear power and telecommunications. It has been relaxing its control over these sectors since the early
1990s
failed verification
The government is slowly
corporatising
the state sector and selling off holdings in
France Télécom
Air France
, as well as in the insurance, banking, and defense industries.
failed verification
France has an important aerospace industry led by the European consortium
Airbus
, and has its own national
spaceport
, the
Centre Spatial Guyanais
Na ituvatuva ni bula vakailavo ni Varanise (GDP) ena 2016 ena mataqali vakayagataki ilavo
As of 2009, the
World Trade Organization
(WTO) reported France was the world's sixth largest exporter and the fourth largest importer of manufactured goods.
As of 2016,
the World Factbook
ranked France seventh largest exporter.
In 2008, France was the third largest recipient of
foreign direct investment
among OECD countries at $118
billion, ranking behind Luxembourg (where foreign direct investment was essentially monetary transfers to banks located there) and the United States ($316
billion), but above the United Kingdom ($96.9
billion), Germany ($25
billion), or Japan ($24
billion). In the same year, French companies invested $220
billion outside France, ranking France as the second largest outward direct investor in the OECD, behind the United States ($311
billion), and ahead of the UK ($111
billion), Japan ($128
billion) and Germany ($157
billion).
Financial services, banking and the insurance sector are an important part of the economy. Three largest
financial institutions cooperatively owned by their customers
are located in France.
10
The Paris stock exchange is an old institution, created by
Louis XV
in 1724.
11
In 2000, the stock exchanges of Paris, Amsterdam and Brussels merged into
Euronext
12
In 2007, Euronext merged with the
New York stock exchange
to form
NYSE Euronext
, the world's largest stock exchange.
12
Euronext Paris
, the French branch of the NYSE Euronext group is Europe's 2nd largest stock exchange market, behind the
London Stock Exchange
France is a member of the
Eurozone
(around 330 million consumers) which is part of the
European Single Market
(more than 500 million consumers). Several domestic commercial policies are determined by agreements among European Union (EU) members and by EU legislation. France introduced the common European currency, the
Euro
in 2002.
13
14
Varanise e tiki ni dua na iunioni vakailavo, na
Eurozone
(karakarawa butobuto), kei na
Iurope Makete Duabau
French companies have maintained key positions in the insurance and banking industries:
AXA
is the world's largest insurance company. The leading French banks are
BNP Paribas
and the
Crédit Agricole
, ranking as the world's first and sixth largest banks in 2010
15
(by assets), while the
Société Générale
group was ranked the world's eighth largest in 2009.
Veitikina
veisau
edit source
"Europa Official Site
– France"
. EU
. Retrieved
28 October
2014
"GDP, PPP (current international $)"
. The World Bank Group
. Retrieved
1 November
2015
"History of the Euro"
BBC News
. Retrieved
30 October
2010
"Entreprises selon le nombre de salariés et l'activité"
Companies by number of employees and activity
(in French).
INSEE
. July 2008. Archived from
the original
on 15 November 2009.
"Entreprises publiques selon l'activité économique"
Public enterprises by economic activity
(in French). INSEE. March 2009. Archived from
the original
on 2 December 2009.
"International Trade Statistics 2008"
(PDF)
. WTO. 2009. p.
12. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 5 June 2011
. Retrieved
5 July
2011
"Country Comparison
:: Exports"
The World Factbook
. CIA. Archived from
the original
on 4 October 2008
. Retrieved
14 July
2017
"Country fact sheet: France"
(PDF)
World Investment Report 2009
. UNCTAD.
Archived
(PDF)
from the original on 4 July 2010
. Retrieved
7 October
2010
"Country fact sheet: Japan"
(PDF)
World Investment Report 2009
. UNCTAD.
Archived
(PDF)
from the original on 4 July 2010
. Retrieved
7 October
2010
Gould, Charles.
"Global300 Report 2010, International Co-operative Alliance. The world's major co-operatives and mutual businesses"
(PDF)
ica.coop
. Archived from
the original
(PDF)
on 2021-08-13
. Retrieved
2025-02-25
Audrey Vautherot (19 November 2007).
"La Bourse de Paris
: une institution depuis 1724"
The Paris Stock Exchange: an institution since 1724
Gralon
(in French).
Embassy of France.
"Embassy of France in Washington: Economy of France"
. Ambafrance-us.org. Archived from
the original
on 9 October 2011
. Retrieved
16 July
2011
Andrews, Edmund L. (1 January 2002).
"Germans Say Goodbye to the Mark, a Symbol of Strength and Unity"
The New York Times
. Retrieved
18 March
2011
Taylor Martin, Susan (28 December 1998). "On Jan.
1, out of many arises one Euro".
St. Petersburg Times
. p.
National, 1.A.
"The 10 Largest Banks in the World"
. Doughroller.net. 15 June 2010. Archived from
the original
on 12 July 2011
. Retrieved
16 July
2011
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