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World Economic Outlook Update, January 2026
Global Economy: Steady amid Divergent Forces
Resilient growth as technology and adaptability offset trade policy headwinds
F&D March 2026
The Debt Reckoning
After years of crisis borrowing, public debt has risen to record highs. Governments can no longer defer hard fiscal tradeoffs and now face reconciling competing, and often difficult, choices.
External Sector Report 2025
Global Imbalances in a Shifting World
This year’s report provides the external sector assessment of 30 of the world’s largest economies on the basis of their 2024 data.
Global Financial Stability Report, October 2025
Shifting Ground beneath the Calm
Financial stability risks remain elevated.
Fiscal Monitor, Oct 2025
Spending Smarter: How Efficient and Well-Allocated Public Spending Can Boost Economic Growth
The Fiscal Monitor explores how governments can improve economic growth prospects by enhancing the efficiency and composition of public spending, while keeping the overall spending envelope unchanged.
Getting to Growth in an Age of Uncertainty
International Monetary Fund Annual Report 2025
Major policy shifts are reshaping the global trading system and capital flows, increasing trade tensions and financial market volatility, and straining international ties.
South Asia's Path to Resilient Growth
South Asia’s Path to Resilient Growth highlights the remarkable development progress in South Asia and how the region can advance in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.
PIMA Handbook
Public Investment Management Assessment, 1st Edition
This handbook is aimed at anyone who is involved in a Public Investment Management Assessment (PIMA) or who has a practical interest in public investment management.
Manuals Guides
Course Material
Financial Soundness Indicators Compilation Guid...
The 2019 Financial Soundness Indicators Compilation Guide (2019 Guide) includes new indicators to expand the coverage of the financial sector, including other financial intermediaries, money market funds, insurance corporations, pension funds, nonfinancial corporations, and households. In all, the 2019 Guide recommends the compilation of 50 FSIs—13 of them new. Additions such as new capital, liquidity and asset quality metrics, and concentration and distribution measures will serve to enhance the forward-looking aspect of FSIs and contribute to increase policy focus on stability of the financial system.
Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey Guide (...
This third edition of the Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey Guide has been prepared to assist economies that participate or are preparing to participate in the Coordinated Portfolio Investment Survey (CPIS). It builds on and updates the second edition of the CPIS Guide (2002) to reflect the adoption of the Balance of Payments and International Investment Position Manual, sixth edition (BPM6) as the standard framework for compiling cross-border position statistics.
Fiscal Transparency Handbook (2018)
The IMF’s Fiscal Transparency Code is the international standard for disclosure of information about public finances and is the centerpiece of the global architecture on fiscal transparency. The Fiscal Transparency Handbook (2018) provides detailed guidance on the implementation of the new Fiscal Transparency Code, which was approved by the IMF Board in 2014. It explains why each principle of the Code is important and describes current trends in implementation of the principles, noting relevant international standards as well. Selected country examples are also provided.
System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012
Comparable and reliable data supporting coherent analytical and policy frameworks are essential elements to inform debates and guide policy related to the interrelationships between the economy and the environment. "The System of Environmental-Economic Accounting 2012—Central Framework" (SEEA Central Framework) is a statistical framework consisting of a comprehensive set of tables and accounts, which guides the compilation of consistent and comparable statistics and indicators for policymaking, analysis and research. It has been produced and is released under the auspices of the United Nations, the European Commission, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, the International Monetary Fund, and the World Bank Group. The SEEA-Central Framework reflects the evolving needs of its users, new developments in environmental economic accounting and advances in methodological research.
The Coordinated Direct Investment Survey Guide ...
This Coordinated Direct Investment Survey Guide (Guide) has been prepared to assist economies in participating in the Coordinated Direct Investment Survey (CDIS). The CDIS is being conducted under the auspices of the Statistics Department of the IMF across a wide range of economies. The survey is conducted simultaneously by all participating economies; uses consistent definitions; and encourages best practices in collecting, compiling, and disseminating data on direct investment positions. The CDIS is thus an important tool in capturing world totals and the geographic distribution of direct investment positions, thereby contributing to important new understandings of the extent of globalization, and improving the overall quality of direct investment data worldwide. As of the writing of this updated Guide, more than 100 economies participate in the CDIS.
Revised Guidelines for Public Debt Management
The Revised Guidelines for Public Debt Management have been developed as part of a broader work program undertaken by the IMF and the World Bank to strengthen the international financial architecture, promote policies and practices that contribute to financial stability and transparency, and reduce countries external vulnerabilities.
The General Data Dissemination System
This guide explains the nature and objectives of the General Data Dissemination System (GDDS), describes its operation, and provides practical guidance to IMF member countries on participation in the system. The GDDS provides members with a basic framework for a broader national statistical development strategy. It covers a set of statistics recognized to be essential for all countries for policymaking and analysis in an environment that increasingly requires relevant, comprehensive, accurate, and timely statistics available to the general public. The General Data Dissemination System: Guide for Participants and Users addresses the full range of issues critical for compiling and disseminating data and making explicit plans for improvement to align national procedures with best practices.
Government Finance Statistics
The Government Finance Statistics: Compilation Guide for Developing Countries represents a new approach by the IMF's Statistics Department (STA) to assist developing countries to compile government finance statistics (GFS) in accordance with the guidelines of the Government Finance Statistics Manual 2001 (GFSM 2001). The Guide specifically addresses issues relevant to developing countries. The Guide is based on our experience over many years of technical assistance and training to member countries, addressing common problems they face, and answering questions that often arise. Examples, figures, and tables are used to facilitate the reader's understanding of the topics discussed.
Handbook on Securities Statistics
Several high-level international groups urged development of methodological standards for securities statistics. In response, the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the European Central Bank (ECB), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) jointly developed the Handbook on Securities Statistics. The Handbook is the first publication that deals exclusively with the conceptual framework for the compilation and presentation of relevant, coherent, and internationally comparable securities statistics. Part I of the Handbook covers debt securities issues. Other parts are under development and cover issues of other types of securities and securities holdings.
Consumer Price Index Manual
Financial Intelligence Units : An Overview
Over the past decade and beyond, the need for a modern anti-money-laundering strategy has become widely accepted internationally. Depriving criminal elements of the proceeds of their crimes has increasingly been seen as an important tool to combat drug trafficking and, more recently, as a critical element in fighting organized crime, corruption, and the financing of terrorism, and maintaining the integrity of financial markets. The first few financial intelligence units (FIUs) were established in the early 1990s in response to the need for countries to have a central agency to receive, analyze, and disseminate financial information to combat money laundering. Over the ensuing period, the number of FIUs has continued to increase, reaching 84 in 2003. This handbook responds to the need for information on FIUs. It provides references to the appropriate Financial ActionTask Force (FATF) standards wherever appropriate.
The International Monetary Fund welcomes requests for desk copies from educators who are interested in adopting publications for specific courses. Examination/Inspection copies of select publications are available to qualified academics (maximum of 3 titles). To request a desk copy, please complete online
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New Releases
Budget Credibility in Sub-Saharan Africa
This paper examines budget credibility in Sub-Saharan Africa, documenting persistent gaps between budget plans and outcomes, identifying key drivers, and highlighting institutional and policy reforms to improve fiscal discipline and execution.
Emerging Markets
North Africa: Connecting Continents, Creating O...
Geopolitical shifts and ongoing diversification efforts are creating new momentum to deepen economic linkages between North Africa, Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa, build greater resilience, and foster shared growth across all three regions.
Global Economy
Global Financial Stability Report, April 2026: ...
The April 2026 Global Financial Stability Report assesses elevated financial stability risks amid the war in the Middle East, highlighting how multiple amplification channels could test resilience - and why decisive policy action is needed to safeguard global stability.
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